变位酶的辅酶催化底物分子内基团(主要.ppt

Chapter3 vitamin Lipid solublevitaminWater solublevitamin introduction Vitaminsareorganicnutrientsthatarerequiredinsmallquantitiesforavarietyofbiochemicalfunctionsandwhich generally cannotbesynthesizedbythebodyandmustthereforebesuppliedbythediet Lipid solublevitaminWater solublevitamin vitamin Section1 lipid solublevitamin VitaminA D EandKaresolubleinlipids notinwater Theylaywithlipidsinfoodandthereforeabsorbedtogetherwithlipidsbybody VitaminA VitaminA1 retinol 视黄醇VitaminA2 dehydroretinol 脱氢视黄醇 Function keepepithelialtissuehealthy Maintainingorthopsia 正常视觉 Source carotin 胡萝卜素 7 7mg 100g Deficiencydiseases night blindness夜盲症 VitaminD Amongthem 1 25 dihydroxycholecalciferolisthebiologicalmostactive Function Promoteabsorbingofcalciumandphosphoniumintointestine adjustcalciumandphosphorusmetabolism behelpfulofossature 骨骼 calcifyingandtoothforming Deficiencydeseases rachitis 佝偻病 osteomalacia 软骨病 Source fish liveroil yolk蛋黄 milk VitaminEtocopherol生育酚 8compoundshadbeenfound Thefour and arephysiologicalactive Functions Maintaininganimalprocreatingability anti infertilitas 维持动物生殖功能 抗不育症 AntioxidationPromotemetabolismofheme Deficiencystates generativeorgandamage evenaciesis 不育 Source beanoil豆油 94mg 100g cornoil玉米油83mg 100g VitaminK 2 甲基 1 4萘醌的衍生物 Functions Prostheticgroupof GlutamicAcidcarboxylase 谷氨酸羧化酶的辅酶 Promotesynthesisofproserozymeinliver Adjustsynthesisofbloodcoagulationfactor Deficiencystates Bleedingeasily Source Yolk 蛋黄 greencolorvegetablesSynthesizedbysomeentero bacterium肠道菌合成 Section2 water solublevitamin 1 VitaminB1thiamin FormTPP焦磷酸硫胺素 TPPisprostheticgroupofpyruvicaciddehydrogenase丙酮酸脱氢酶的辅基 Catalyze ketoaciddecarboxylicreaction Deficiencydeseases Beriberi脚气病 polyneuritis多发性神经炎 Source seedscrustandcorcle 胚芽 2 VitaminB2riboflavin核黄素 FormFMN FADprostheticgroupofredoxenzymeFAD 2H FADH2FMN 2H FMNH2Transferhydogenandelectron递氢与电子 Deficiencydeseases Hypopnea lowermetabolismintensity glossitis ceratitis cutitis 缺乏时 组织呼吸减弱 代谢强度降低 主要症状为舌炎 角膜炎 皮炎等 Source Bean liver 3 VitPP VB5 NicotinicAcid 烟酸 micotinamide 尼克酰胺 Deficiencydeseases Pellagra 糙皮病 玉米红斑病 Source Meat yeast peanut花生 ricebran米糠 4 VitaminB6 Prostheticgroupofaminotransferase decarboxylaseandracemase Aa转氨酶 脱羧酶 消旋酶的辅酶 Source Yeast ricebran 米糠 yolk 蛋黄 meat Function Aminogrouptransfer 5 pantothenicacid泛酸 B3 FormcoenzymeA CoA SH FormacylcarrierproteinTransferacylgroup CoA SH Source Yeast meat beemilk peannuts Synthesizedbybacteriuminintestines 6 Biotin B7 ProstheticenzymeofcarboxylaseTransferCO2 乙酰CoA羧化酶 Source Wideexistinbodyofanimalsandplants Synthesizedbybacteriuminintestines Deficiencydeseases Scytitis 皮炎 trichomadesis 脱毛 nervousness 神经过敏 7 Folicacidpterolyglutamicacid蝶酰谷氨酸 Carrierofonecarbongroup CH3 CH2 CHO Joininmanybiosynthesisprocesses Deficiencystates Megaloblasticanaemia巨幼红细胞贫血Existmainlyinliverandgreenleaves Synthesizedbybacteriuminintestines 8 VitaminB12coholamine钴胺素 Prostheticenzymeofmutase catalyzereactionsofgroup mainlymethyl metachoresisintheinteriorofsubstratemolecule 变位酶的辅酶 催化底物分子内基团 主要为甲基 的变位反应 Source Liver milk meatandsoon notinplants Deficiencystates megaloblasticanemia巨幼红细胞性贫血 甲基丙二酸单酰辅酶 变位酶 VitaminCAscorbicacid Strongreductionquality Protectenzymehavingthiolgroupbeingreductive 使巯基酶中巯基处于还原态 Prostheticenzymeofprolinehydroxylase promoteformingofcollagenprotein 脯氨酸羟化酶的辅酶 促进胶原蛋白的形成 Deficiencystates scorbutus 抗坏血酸脱氢抗坏血酸 Widelyexistinfreshvegetablesandfruit 10 Lipoic 硫辛酸 prostheticenzymeofLipoateacetyltransferase 硫辛酸乙酰转移酶的辅酶 hydrogencarrier acylcarrierExistinliver yeastandsoon 维生素概况一览表 1 水溶性维生素 维生素概况一览表 2 脂溶性维生素 药物可能导致营养素缺乏的种类 维生素 为1 5 维生素 为10 维生素