在初中英语课堂教学中的实施.ppt

Nothingshouldbespokenbeforeithasbeenheard Nothingshouldbereadbeforeithasbeenspoken Nothingshouldbewrittenbeforeithasbeenread L G Alexander HowtoLearnaLanguage 高 大 快 多 在初中英语课堂教学中的实施 高复现 ScientificRepetition 大容量 AdequateContents 快节奏 QuickPace 多台阶 SuitableSteps 高复现是核心 大容量 多台阶 快节奏都是为高复现服务的 高复现不是指简单的重复 它要求的是科学的复现 是在语言知识的学习和语言技能的培养过程中 由简单到复杂 由单一到综合 有目的 有计划的复现 提出背景 高复现 针对 学生前学后忘记 的现象 大容量 针对课堂教学中学生缺乏足够的参与量和信息量 多台阶 为了使练习的设计更具科学性 有效性 快节奏 是针对课堂教学中存在的拖沓 时间利用率不高的现象 高复现 从语言知识的学习要求来看 复现是为了将瞬时记忆转变成长期记忆 将机械记忆转变为理解记忆 将记忆的知识转变为能活用的知识 从学习态度和方法的养成和人文道德和文化修养的渗透和积淀的要求来看 复现是一个 润物细无声 的积累过程 从无到有 从少到多 从无意到自觉 Repetitionisthekeytosuccessinlearninglanguage CindyCarlson Repetitionisthemotheroflearning 高复现在课堂中的实施 QuickresponseGuidedquickresponse FreetalkQuickresponsesbystudentsMode T SS SsSs Spairworkgroupwork mini dialogue Content whatthestudentshaverecentlyencounteredorwhatyouwouldlikethestudentstoremember Miniexercises Sentencetransformation Gap filling WordformationTenseVocabulary clozeMode orally written Vocabulary 音标phonetics 音标词的选择必须做到包括三个方面 1 以前学过的单词 2 现在正在学的单词 3 即将要学到的单词 图片的反复利用 Step1 Matchthepictureswiththewordsbelow Donotwrite Justlookandsay train plane bicycle bus ship taxi motorcycle lightrail maglev bicycle taxi bus ship train plane motorcycle lightrail maglev Step2 Talkafterthemodelaboutthepictures Workinpairs Model1A Howdidyoucomehere B Icameherebytaxi Howaboutyou A Icameherebybike Step2 Talkafterthemodelaboutthepictures Workinpairs Model2 A Howdoyougotoschool B Igotoschoolonfoot Iwalktoschool A Howdoesyourfathergotowork B Hegoestoworkbybike Heridesabicycletowork A HowwillyougotoBeijingfortheholiday B WewillgotoBeijingbyplane WewilltakeaplanetoBeijing Step2 Talkafterthemodelaboutthepictures Workinpairs Model3 A Whichisfaster thebikeorthebus B Thebusisfasterthanthebike butthetaxiisthefastestofthethree slow safe convenient comfortable expensive Step3 Groupdiscussion Likesanddislikes Usethepicturecues Jack bike goodforhealth taxi tooexpensive Step4 SpotwritingIliveinanewhousingestate Mymotherworksatahospital Shegoestowork or becausetheyarebothcheaperand thanabus Myfatherworksatafactory Hegoestowork becauseitisfasterand thanabus buthehastowearahelmet IstudyatNo 1JuniorHighSchool Igotoschool becausemyschoolisonlytenminutes walkfrommyhome byunderground bylightrail faster bymotorcycle moreconvenient onfoot 词义解释和词汇的拓展 get keepintouch communicatecommunicatewithsb communicatewitheachothercommunicateinEnglishcommunicatewithsb inEnglishcommunicatebylanguagescommunicatebygesturespayspecialattentionto focusonfocusoncampuslifefocusonqualityeducationfocusyourmindonstudy 大容量 语言的学习只有大量的输入才有一定的输出 说的基础是听 写的基础是说和读 语言知识 语言技能的掌握和运用 有一个量变到质变的过程 没有大量的练习是不可能的 大容量既指课堂练习的数量要足 又指课堂练习的质量要高 还指练习所包含的信息量要广 大容量的实施 1 保证每节课充足的教学活动的数量 2 扩大教学活动提供 涵盖 或需要的信息量 活动应尽可能的复现已学过的语言知识 使用已掌握或初步掌握的语言技能例 HehasbeentoAmerica MycousinhasbeentoAmerica Theengineer scousinhasbeentoAmerica Theengineer scousin adiplomat hasbeentothreecontinents America EuropeandAustralia Theengineer scousin anexperienceddiplomat hasbeentomanyEuropeancountriessuchasBritain France Switzerland GermanyandtheNetherlands 课堂教学活动应传达更广泛的信息Hebroketheschoolrecordattheschoolsportsmeetyesterday LiuXiangbroketheworldrecordinthe110 meterhurdlesonTuesdayattheAthleticismsGrandPrixmeeting Hisrecordis12 88 3 扩大参与课堂教学活动的学生的数量 提高学生参与课堂教学活动的主动性 教学活动的内容有趣 形式新颖 设计的教学活动能发挥学生的特长 让他们在活动中充分展示自己 通过活动不断的使学生获得成功 让学生有成功感 强烈的成功感最能激发学生的学习动力 e g five minuteactivities 提高课堂教学活动组织的科学性 教学活动的形式要多样 一节课中的活动还要有搭配 动静的变化 口头与书面的变化 个人活动与集体活动的变化 营造良好的课堂教学的氛围 让学生有 安全感 教学活动的要求要表达清楚 让学生知道要做什么 怎么做 要用明确的任务来扩大学生参与课堂教学活动的面 4 提高学生参与学习的有效时间让学生始终保持高度的注意力 keepstudents alert inclass 尽可能的将课堂教学活动设计为有思维的活动 在教学活动时 需要学生积极的思维 扩大学生学习时的思维容量 informationgap 只有每一个学生上课积极思维 脑 眼 耳 手 嘴及至身体的各部分一起来参与学习 每个学生课堂内有效学习的时间才会扩大 例 现在完成时 StudentA TheGreatPyramidis Howbig Eachsideofthebaseis745feetor227meterslong Itusedtobe Howhigh Butnowitisonly449feetor137meters TheGreatPyramidismadeupof What Mostofthestonesweighabout2 5tonseach TheancientEgyptiansworkedontheGreatPyramid Howlong Theybuiltitwithoutanymachines Theyfinallycompletedit When StudentB TheGreatPyramidcoversanareaofabout13acres Eachsideofthebaseis Howlong Itusedtobe481feetor146 5metershigh Butnowitis Howhigh TheGreatPyramidismadeupofover2 300 000blocksofstone Mostofthestonesweigh Howmuch TheancientEgyptiansworkedontheGreatPyramidforover20years Theybuiltitwithoutanymachines Theyfinallycompleteditinabout2566BC TheGreatPyramid Age about5 000yearsoldLocation EgyptSize area about13acrespresentheight 449feetBuildingmaterial blocksofstoneLengthoftimeforbuilding over20years CueCardA CueCardB TheGreatPyramid Age Location Size area presentheight Buildingmaterial Lengthoftimeforbuilding TheGoldenGateBridge Location in Length Weight Colour Lengthoftimeforbuilding fouryears TheGoldenGateBridge Location inSanFranciscoLength 8 981feetWeight 887 000tonsColour orangeLengthoftimeforbuilding fouryears 1933 1937 CueCardA CueCardB T Whatareyougoingtodo S1 IamgoingtoreadHarryPotter Ihaven treadityet readHarryPotter Model1 Substitutions putupthecoupletsreadtheeveningpaper T Finishyourhomework S1 I vealreadyfinishedmyhomework Ifinishedittenminutesago finishyourhomework Model2 shutthewindow turnofftheradio Substitutions you readAesop sFables lastOctober A HaveyoureadAesop sFables B Yes Ihave A Whendidyoureadit B IreaditlastOctober Model3 she bookanyfilmtickets yesterday he sendaChristmascardtohisaunt fivedaysago 多台阶 对于复杂的技能 可以划分成若干个比较简单的局部成分 以后再过渡到比较复杂的完整的活动 跳舞 分解学习的过程 根据分解的任务 设计完成任务的步骤和方法 一步一步地达到教学目的 感叹句 helpfulahelpfulrobotWhatahelpfulrobot Whatahelpfulrobotitis Itisahelpfulrobot Therobotishelpful Howhelpfultherobotis helpfulrobotsWhathelpfulrobots Whathelpfulrobotstheyare Theyarehelpfulrobots Therobotsarehelpful Howhelpfultherobotsare 不定式作定语 washsomeclothes someclothestowash Mymotherhassomeclothestowash attendameeting ameetingtoattend Ihaveameetingtoattend eatsomething somethingtoeat Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat worryaboutnothing nothingtoworryabout It sonlyabranchtappingatthewindow there snothingtoworryabout ConditionalAdverbialClause 分课时 1Ifheisout Iwillcalltomorrow 2Ifitrainstomorrow wewillstayathome 3Youwillmissthetrainifyoudon thurry 4Ifyouseehim willyoutellhimaboutit 5Youwillneverpassthistestifyoudon tworkhard 6Youwillbeveryluckyifheletsyougowithoutaticket Fillintheblankswiththeverbsintheirproperforms 1 IfI eat ahamburgereveryday I be veryfat 2 IfI watch televisionfortoolong I have aheadache 3 I go tothecountrysideiftheweather be fine 4 Ifit rain I take anumbrellawithme Lookatthefollowingsentencescarefully trytofindsomedifferences Ifyoumakeamistake correctit Ifyoudon tlikethefood don teatit Tellhimtowaitformeifheisnotinahurry Don tgooutifitrains Fillintheblankswiththeverbsintheirproperforms 1 IfI listen totheradio nottell metodomyhomework 2 Ifhe do somethingwrong notshout athim 3 notput thecatoutifit be cold 4 notforget tosay please ifyou want metodosomething Conditionalclause Activity1 Finishingconditionalsentences 1 IfIfeelveryhungrythisevening Iwilleat IfIhavetimenextweekend Iwillgoto Ifyoucometomyhome youwillsee IfIhavetowriteastoryforhomework Iwillwriteabout IfIhavealotofmoney Iwill buy achainquestion Finishingconditionalsentences 2 IfIgoawayonholidaythisyear IfIloseallmymoney Ifwegettoomuchhomework Ifmyfriendgetsintotrouble Wewillallbeveryhappyif Theschoolwillhavetocloseif Iwillberatherdisappointedif Willyouhelpmeif A IfIhavealotofmoney Iwillbuyaboat B IfIhaveaboat Iwillgoforasail C IfIgoforasail therewillbeastorm D Ifthereisastorm theboatwillsink anotherexample A IfIamilltomorrow Iwillstayathome B IfIstayathome Ishallmissthelessons C IfImissthelessons 快节奏 快节奏是高复现的时间保障 高复现需要课内的容量大 要完成较大量的实践活动 必须加快课堂教学的节奏 课堂教学的节奏 既包括课堂教学的速度 也包括课堂教学内容处理的有规律的强弱 松紧的现象 1 教师课前精心设计 充分准备 2 练习的低台阶 3 合适的教学活动的时间要求 口诀 4 培养学生的学习习惯 抄写本 翻译本 笔记本 5 教师表述和指令的科学 简明 清晰 6 课堂教学活动的可操作性 7 师生之间 生生之间的默契的合作 8 因地制宜的运用教具 9 坚持用英语授课 适当使用母语 快节奏 Personalpronouns Imemyyouyouyourhehimhissheherherweusouryouyouyourtheythemtheirititits Thesimplepresenttense IdoIdon tdodoIdoyoudoyoudon tdodoyoudohed