江苏省灌南高级中学高三英语一轮复习《名词和代词》学案 译林牛津版.doc

名词和代词【考情分析】(1)名词在高考中的考查重点：1名词词义辨析2名词的数3名词作定语4. 名词所有格5. 抽象名词具体化6. 名词与冠词的结合(2)代词在高考中的考查重点：1考查它们在特定结构中的用法，如：anyone，both，neither，nothing等与从句相结合。2考查any，some，all，none，other，another等不定代词在特定语境中的意义和功能差别。3it，one，that，ones，those作替代词的用法区别。4it表时间、天气、距离等及it作形式主语、形式宾语。5each，every，any的用法。6.no one,nobody,nothing 和none的区别7.other, another, others, any other, the other 的区别8.all ,both, either, neither, one的区别【考点例析】1. it is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.【2012湖北卷】a. symptom b. similarity c. sample d. shadow1. a考查名词辨析。句意为：定期检查眼睛看看是否有眼疾症状很重要。a项意为“症状”，符合句意；b项意为“类似”，c项意为“样本”，d项意为“阴影”，都与语意不符。2. the officer insisted that michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa. 【2012湖北卷】a. pattern b. procedure c. program d. perspective2. b 考查名词辨析。句意为：这位官员坚持认定michael没有按照正确的程序申请签证。b项意为“程序”，符合句意；a项意为“模式”，c项意为“节目”，d项意为“远景”，都与语意不符。3. can i help you with it? i appreciate your_, but i can manage it myself. 【2012江苏卷】a. adviceb. questionc. offer d. idea3. c 考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我可以帮你吗？我感激你的提议 “offer”，但我自己能设法做的。offer意为“提议”，符合题意。a意为“建议，劝告”；b意为“问题”；d意为“想法，主意”。4youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future_. 【2012江西卷】 .apurposebreferencecprogressdmemory4.b 考查词义辨析。句意：你最好写下这个餐馆的号码以便日后参考用。for future reference是一个常用词组搭配，表示“以供日后参考”。5. he will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. its just a matter of _.【2012四川卷】a. luck b. value c. time d. fact5. c 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：他迟早会渐渐理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间的问题。根据句意选c。6. the harry potter books are quite popular; they are in great _ in this city. 【2012全国ii】a. quantity b. progress c. production d. demand6.d本题考查名词辨析。此处quantity数量；progress进步； production生产；demand要求。这里be in great demand意为：需求量很大，畅销。句意：哈利波特很受欢迎；在这个城市有很大的需求量。代词:7. my brother would like to buy a good watch but _was available from that shop. 【2012江西卷】anothingbnonecno onedneither7.b 考查不定代词。nothing指物，什么都不是；none既可指人也可指物，强调“每一个”；no one只能指人；neither表两者都不，故此题选b。8.-john, when shall we meet again, thursday or friday? -_.ill be off to london then. 【2012重庆卷】 a. either b. neither c. both d. none8. b 考查不定代词用法。根据答语“ill be off to london then.”可知，约定的星期三或者星期五对john来说，都不行。在选项中b选项是“两者都不”之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为b选项。9. if youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get _for me?a. one b. such c. this d. that9. a 考查代词的用法。句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份好吗？one作“一个”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用来代替上文提到过的paper。相当于a copy of paper.10. no matter where he is, he makes _a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 【2012陕西卷】a. him b this c. that d. it 10.d 考查代词。所填词做使役动词make的形式宾语，真正宾语是to go for a walk，选d。【方法技巧】名词的复习方法：1. 熟记近义名词的辨析2. 熟记常见的不可数名词, 单复数同形的名词, 形单义复的名词和集合名词表示单复数的情况, 如：advice, furniture, equipment; means, works (工厂), series; police, cattle；family, audience等等3. 掌握名词的抽象化和具体化4. 掌握名词的所有格单复数形式5. 注意(复合)名词作定语时可单可复6. 熟记名词与动词的固定搭配使用代词的复习方法：1.明确指代。在解答代词题目时，我们应首先分析前后文，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来应从以下几方面考虑：（1）代词指代的是人还是物；（2）代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词；（3）代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念; （4）代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。（5）代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。2.理清逻辑。需要通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。具体说来应从以下方面去考虑:（1）代词所表示的范围；（2）代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。3 吃透语境。有些试题考查的是代词在具体语境中的灵活运用，这样的题目须分析具体的语境才能选出正确答案，忌死抠语法。【专题训练】1. most female workers in beijing suffer from_connected to the global financial crisis, according to a recent survey.a. curiosityb. eagerness c. thirst d. anxiety2. charles dickens wrote many novels to call_to social problems at that time.a. interestb. attention c. noticed. mind3. his story of the accident does not make any_.he is telling a lie.adifferencebsense cexcusedpoint4what do you think of the tv play “the meteor garden”？i take no interest in it. one of the reasons in that such a life is out of our_.a. mind b. point c. reachd. sight5who did you spend last weekend with?_.a. palmers b. the palmer c. the palmers d. the palmer 6lf you don take away all your things from the desk，there wont be enough_for my stationery.a. area b. place c. room d. surface7we all know that_speak louder than words.a. movements b. performances c. operations d. actions8. when it comes to a close friendship, your gift cant be just_. it must be special.a. something b. anything c. nothingd. everything9i wonder if i can use your camera.i dont have_. but my roommate does.he bought_last month.aone；onebit；one cit；itdone；it10. little franz had hoped to get to school on time but found at the last minute that he couldnt_.ahelp itbmake it chope for thatdget that11are there any tickets left?sorry. there are_if_.a. few; anyba few; some csome ; fewdany; some12daniel! the alarm clock has been ringing for almost a minute.oh, mum! can i sleep_minutes?aanother fivebmore five c.five anotherdfive other13anything wrong?there was no objection on the part of_present.a. this b. those c. thesed. who14of the several suits, which one is your f