江苏省南宁市高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练（1）.doc

南宁市2015高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练（1）答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。a different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. someone - specifically the father-daughter team of larry and meagan johnson - has figured out that on some american job sites, five generations are working side by side.in their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.the johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. dad larry is a former health-care executive; daughter meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager.here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:they call the oldest group traditionals, born before 1945. they were heavily influenced by the lessons of the great depression and world war two. they respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and communicate easily and confidently. but theyre also stubbornly independent. they want their opinions heard.at the other extreme are what the johnsons call linksters, born after 1995 into todays more complicated, multi-media world. they live and breathe technology and are often social activists.you wont find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.the johnsons, larry and meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. the johnsons point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.the five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.larry and meagan johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “generations, inc.: from boomers to linksters - managing the friction between generations at work,” published by amacom press, which is available in all good bookstore from this friday.1. the type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs _.a. between managers and workers b. among family membersc. among employees d. between older and newer companies2. which of the following statements is not true about traditionals?a. theyve learned much from war and economic disaster.b. theyre difficult to work with as they are stubborn.c. they respect their boss and hope to be respected.d. theyre independent workers with great confidence.3. according to the passage, the linksters are usually _.a. found working in the offices of large companiesb. influenced by media and technologyc. enthusiastic multi-media activistsd. ice-cream sellers4. according to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because _.a. people want to increase their average lifespanb. many young people are entering the workforcec. employees with different values can benefit their companiesd. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons5. whats the main purpose of the passage?a. to promote a new book by larry and meagan johnson.b. to describe the five different workplace generations.c. to introduce the johnsons research about diverse workforces.d. to identify a major problem in modern workforces.【参考答案】15、c b b d a 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。stephen william hawking was born on january 8,1942(300 years after the death of galileo)in oxford，england.his parents house was in north london，but during the second world war oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.when he was eight，his family moved to st albans，a town about 20 miles north of london.at eleven stephen went to st all.school，and then on to university college，oxford，his fathers old college.stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.mathematics was not available at university college，so he did physics instead. stephen then went on to cambridge to do research in cosmology(宇宙论)after gaining his phd，he became first a research fellow，and later on a professional fellow at gonville & caius college.after leaving the institute of astronomy in 1973 stephen came to the department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics，and since 1979 has held the post of lucasian professor of mathematics.the chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the reverend henryucas，who had been the member of parliament for the university.it was first held by isaac barrow，and then in 1669 by isaac newton. his many publications include the large scale structure of spacetime with gf.r.ellis，general relativity ：an einstein centenary survey with wisrael，and 300 years of gravity with wisrael.stephen hawking had two popular books published：his best seller a brief history of time，and his later book，black holes and baby universes and other essays.“my goal is simple.it is a complete understanding of the universe，why it is as it is and why it exists at all，”hawking said. 1hawkings father would like hawking to learn_. amathematics bphysicscmedicine dcosmology答案：c根据第一段倒数第二句“stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.”可知，父亲想让霍金学习医学。2which one of the following is not right about the description of hawking?a. hawking was born on the 300th anniversary of galileos death.bhawking went to school at the age of eleven.chawking liked physics best when he was young.dhawking，together with wisrael wrote two of his works. 答案：c根据第一段的内容可知，斯蒂芬霍金最早较喜欢数学，但学习了物理专业，是因为那所大学没有数学专业。3all the people has held the post of lucasian professor of mathematics except_.ahenry lucas bstephen hawkingcisaac barrow disaac newton答案：a文章第二段中介绍了艾萨克贝若，艾斯克牛顿和斯蒂芬霍金都担任这个职务，故a项符合题意。4what hawking said in the last passage means that_.a. he would like to lead a simple lifebhe would devote his life to the research of the universeche has understood the great law of the universedit is easy for him to understand the universe答案：b联系上下文和最后一段霍金所说的“my goal is simple.it is a complete understanding of the universe.”反映了他献身宇宙科学研究的决心。 5the best title for this passage is most likely to be“_”ahawkings happy familybhawking and his colleagueschawkings great worksdhawkinga great scientist答案：d本文主要介绍了斯蒂芬霍金的生平，他对宇宙科学理论的研究成果以及他献身宇宙科学研究的决心，故d项符合题意。议论类和说明类完形填空复习考前冲刺指导【考纲解读】新课标考纲解释单项填空“主要考查学生对英语基础知识的掌握程度及运用能力，旨在检测考生对英语基础知识的理解、掌握和运用情况”。试题的命题原则是“突出语境、强调应用、注重实际、体现能力”。命题范围主要包括：名词、代词、冠词、形容词和副词、动词短语、动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型、倒装、省略句和情景交际等。【命题特点】一、突出重点，覆盖考点。从语言知识的分布点上看，试题一直保持着“覆盖面广、重点突出”的特点。内容涉及交际、时态、语态、冠词、形容词、副词、动词（词组）、非谓语动词、定语从句以及状语从句等，其中围绕动词及其变化的考查一直是单项填空测试的重点。二、突出语境，活用语法。从测试的内容上看，试题重视在语境中考查学生的语言实践能力。即考查语法现象的规则性又体现其实践中的灵活性；即尊重语法知识的规范性又不拘泥其语境使用中的合理性。 三、突出交叉，综合踩点。从测试的体位上看，试题不只是单纯地考查某一个点，而是全面、立体地展示中学阶段所学的基础知识。四、突出实词，加强辨析。从词汇考查的角度来看，除湖北题全部考查词汇外，越来越多的省份逐渐加大了词汇测试的考查力度，这是全国高考试题变化的一个新趋向，也是高考英语和大学英语接轨的一个切入点。五、突出创新，贴近生活。从题干的形式上看，单句的测试题渐渐让位于篇章测试题，语言知识测试题渐渐让位于语言运用测试题，用对话创设情景的题目所占比例越来越多。试题的题干不再拘泥于陈腐的句型、句式，而是以前置句、后置句、省略句、插入句、变化句等创新句型来增加语境和句子结构的复杂性。从话题的选材上看，试题关注社会生活的变化和发展，点缀和折射时代热点，极具“生活化”和“时代感”。【题型分类】议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：（1）开门见山地提出论点。有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最