虚拟语气 (3).ppt

虚拟语气 概念 表示与真实情况相反的假设或是一种不可实现的愿望 分类 1 用时态表示2 should 动词原形 具体用法 一 用时态表示的虚拟语气 1 用在wish 但愿 希望 后面的宾语从句中 Examples IwishmyparentswerelivingwithmeinYichangnow Fact Myparentsarenotlivingwithmenow Thegirlalwayswishesthatshehadonemillion Fact Shedoesn thaveonemillion 2 用在if引导的条件从句中 Examples IfIhadtime Iwouldattendthemeeting IfIwereyou Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice youwouldnothavefailedintheexams Ifyoucametomorrow wewouldhavethemeeting Ifitweretoraintomorrow thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextweek 注 以上虚拟语气中的条件从句还可以采用省略if的倒装形式 即省略if 把were had should提前至句首 WereIyou Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad Hadyoutakenmyadvice youwouldnothavefailedintheexams Wereittoraintomorrow thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff Shouldhenotcometomorrow weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextweek Practice 1 Whydidn tyougotothedancelastnight IfI tired Iwouldhave werenotB hadn tC haven tbeenD hadn tbeen2 DidyouseeMonicabeforesheleftforBrazil No IwishI her hadseenB haveseenC sawD wouldsee3 Idon tthinkthatIshallfail ButifI Iwouldtryagain FailedB wouldfailC shouldfailD hadfailed4 somebodycallwhenIamout youpleasegetherorhimtoleaveamessage A Could wouldB Would couldC Would wouldD Should could D A C D 3 定语从句 Itis high timethatsbdidsth shoulddosth宾语从句 wouldrathersbdidsth状语从句 asif asthough evenif eventhough引导的状语从句如果表示与事实相反的也要用虚拟语气 1 Itistimethatyouwenttoschool 2 Iwouldratheryoudidtheworktomorrow 3 Whenyouputpartofastickintowater itlooksasifitwerebroken 4 Evenifhewerehere youcouldnotsolvetheproblem Practice 1 I mgoingtoseethevictim sbrother I dratheryou A didn tB donotC don tD do2 It stimewe ourmeeting A mustbeginB beginC begunD began A D 4 介词without butfor以及or else otherwise引起的虚拟语气 Icouldn thaveworkedouttheproblemwithoutyourhelp Icouldn thaveworkedouttheproblemifIhadn tgotyourhelp Butforthetaxidriver Iwouldhavelostmycase Ifithadnotbeenforthetaxidriver Iwouldhavelostmycase Iwasillthatday Otherwise Iwouldhavetakenthespeechcompetition Iwasillthatday IfIhadnotbeenill Iwouldhavetakenthespeechcompetition 5 含有 Ifitwerenotfor 或Ifithadnotbeenfor 的条件句 要不是因为 Ifitwerenotfortherain thecropswoulddie Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp wecouldn thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime 倒装形式 Wereitnotfor Haditnotbeenfor Practice 1 thecloudsyouwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily A WereitnotforB IfithadnotbeenforC IfitwerenotD Haditnotbeenfor2 ButfortheParty he ofhunger30yearsago A WouldhavediedB musthavediedC woulddieD died3 Withoutyourhelp I theexamlastterm A wouldhavepassedB wouldn tpassC wouldhavefailedD failedin4 forthereservior we dneverhavebeenabletobeatthedrought A WereitnotB IfithadbeenC HaditnotD Haditnotbeen A A C D 6 Ifonly引起的感叹句 Ifonlymygrandfatherwerestillliving Mygrandfatherhasbeendeadfor10years IfonlyIhadseenthefilm Ididn tseethefilm IfonlyI asbraveasyouare A beingB wasC beD were D 二 should 动词原形式 的虚拟语气这种虚拟语气主要用在名词性从句中 should可以省略 1 在表示建议 愿望 命令等动词后的宾语从句中 这样的动词有 suggest advise demand order commandinsist require request desire arrange propose 提议 这些动词后的宾语从句中谓语动词用 should 动词原形 形式 Eg Hesuggestedthatwe should startoffearlythenextday Thedoctororderedthatthepatient should besenttohospitalatonce 注意 当suggest表示 暗示 表明 的意思的时候 其宾语从句中不用虚拟语气 当insist表示 坚持认为 坚持说 的意思的时候 其宾语从句不用虚拟语气 Eg Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithourwork Themaninsistedthathehadn ttakenthemoney 2 当动词suggest advise demand order commandinsist require request desire arrange propose 提议 用在 Itis v ed that从句 中时 that从句中谓语动词要用 should 动词原形 的形式 另外几个形容词或名词用在此句型中 也可用虚拟语气should可省略如 necessary important strange natural apity ashameeg Itwassuggestedthatthemeeting should beputoff Itwasorderedthatchildrenandwomen should besenttoasafeplaceItisstrangethatheshouldhavetreatedhismotherinthatway 表示惊讶 3 以上动词的名词形式如 suggestion advice order request proposal command demand arrangement还有plan idea等后面接表语从句或同位语从句时 从句中谓语动词用 should 动词原形 形式 Myideaisthatweshouldthinkaboutitcarefullybeforemakingthedecision TheproposalthatweshouldgotoChongqingbyshipsoundsreasonable 1 Myfatherwasstrict HerequestedthatI TVonweeknights A mustn twatchB notwatchC couldn twatchD don twatch2 Youradvicethatshe tillnextweekisreasonable A willwaitB isgoingtowaitC waitsD wait B D MorePractice 1 yourletter Iwouldhavestartedofftwodaysago A IfIreceivedB ShouldIreceiveC IfIcouldhavereceiveD HadIreceived2 Itisstrangethatshe so A thinkB thinksC willthinkD thought3 Hesuggestedthatthemeeting putoff A notbeB shouldnotC wouldn tD benot4 Theprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment before6 A wasfinishedB willfinishC befinishedD shallbefinished D A A C 5 Thethiefclosedhiseyes he dying A evenif wasB though wouldbeC when hadbeenD asif were6 IwishI myuncleyesterday A hadmetB wouldmetC metD havemet7 Whatdoyouthinkofthesuggestionthatshe atthemeetinglastweek A shouldmakeB makeC madeD AorB8 IfonlyI tomyparents advice A listeningB listenC amlisteningD hadlistened9 Butforthesnow we earlier A willarriveB shouldhavearrivedC arriveD arrived D A C D B 10 Itisnaturalthat hismind A changesB changingC changeD tochange11 It shightimehe home A goesB wentC willgoD isgoingtogo12 Iwasverybusyyesterday otherwiseI tothemeeting A cameB wouldcomeC hadcomeD wouldhavecome13 Ifsheknewasmuchaboutmusicasyoudo mydaughter muchbetter A playB mustplayC willplayD wouldplay14 Janewantstoseeyoutomorrow Iwouldrathershe todaythantomorrow A comesB shouldcomeC comeD came C B D D D 15 Supposingtheweather bad wherewouldtheygo A willbeB isC wereD be16 WithouttheleadershipoftheParty there noNewChina A wouldbeB hasbeenC wasD shouldbe17 Theworkwouldrequirethat at5o clockeverymorning A shehasbeenthereB shewasthereC shebethereD shewillbethere18 Thelittlehero spalefacesuggestedhe dead A isB wasC shouldbeD be19 Galileoinsistedthattheearth roundthesun A shouldmoveB moveC movesD AorB C A C B C 20 Therice ifyouhadbeenmorecareful A wouldnotbeburningB wouldnotburnC wo