江苏省南通市启东中学高中英语《Unit 1 Tales of the unexpected 现在完成时和现在完成进行时 牛津译林版必修2.doc

江苏省南通市启东中学高中英语unit 1 tales of the unexpected 现在完成时和现在完成进行时 牛津译林版必修2a. 现在完成时i. 构成：have / has + doneii. 用法：1、现在完成时表示一个发生于过去，但该动作对现在产生影响或结果；2、现在完成时表示一个开始于过去，且一直延续到现在的动作或状态；3、表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，一般译为“过”，常带有：once, twice, never, three times, how many times.iii. 注意点：1、能用于现在完成时的时间状语有：already, yet, ever, never, just, up to now, the past few years, before(用于句末），since, for, 或包括现在在内的：now, today, this week, this month, this year,2、在现在完成时的句子中，不能用表示过去的时间状语，如：yesterday, last week, ago, e.g. have you seen the film? yes, i saw it last week. have you had supper? yes, i had it at home.we havent finished the work yet. we need two more days. how long have you been here? for half an hour / since morning.3、所有动词都可以用于现在完成时，但如果句中用了表示一段时间的时间状语时，一次性动词必须改为延续性动词。b. 现在完成进行时i. 构成：have / has + been doingii. 用法：1、一个刚结束的动作，但对现在造成了直接的影响。 e.g. you look tired. yes, i have been cleaning the room for three hours.we have been working for five days this week. now we shall have a good rest.2、一个发生于过去，但一直延续到现在，且还要持续下去的动作。 e.g. i have been teaching in this school for twenty years. how long have you been studying english?3、现在完成进行时往往指动作带有重复性，而现在完成时无这一含义。 e.g. have you been meeting her recently? (经常性） have you met her lately? he has been phoning me every night for several weeks.4、现在完成进行时比较生动，含有明显的感情色彩，而完成时只强调一个事实，一种影响或结果，无感情色彩。 e.g. what have you been doing? c.f. what have you done? weve been waiting for you for a