江苏省邳州市第四中学高三英语 现在分词复习(1).doc

江苏省邳州市第四中学高三英语复习 现在分词练习 这对父母可以听到他们的女儿在弹钢琴。3) he kept me waiting for almost an hour. 他让我等了将近一个小时。2) dont leave him waiting outside in the rain.别让他在雨里等。1. 作状语： 分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随等等。分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。1) the secretary worked late into the night, preparing a long speech for the president. (伴随状语) 秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备长长的演讲稿。2) they came into the classroom, singing and dancing. (伴随状语) 她们边唱边跳走进教室。3) hearing the news he jumped. （时间状语） 听到这个消息他跳了起来。4) having studied the map, i know which way to go.（时间状语） 研究了地图之后，我知道该走哪条路了。5) not wanting to be late, i took a taxi there. （原因状语） 为了避免迟到，我打车去那儿的。6) being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. （原因状语） 他太生气了睡不着。7) being unemployed, the man hasnt enough money to buy food. 这个男人被解雇了，没有足够的钱买食物。8) the bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay. (结果状语) 公交车被困在暴风雪中，耽误了时间。9) his parents died, leaving him alone. (结果状语) 他的父母去世了，留下他一个人。10) having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (让步) 虽然被告知了很多次，他仍然重复同样的错误。11) while playing the piano, she got very excited.=when she was playing the piano, she got very excited.她弹钢琴的时候变得非常兴奋。12) be careful when crossing the street.=be careful when you are crossing the street.过马路的时候要小心。注意：(1) v-ing 所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生1) hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =on hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 听到这个坏信息，他们忍不住哭了。常用的这类动词有：arrive, close, cook, hear, leave, open, return, see etc.(2) 动词-ing所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动词所表示的动作才发生1) having turned off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.=after turning off the radio, he began to go over his lessons.他关掉了收音机，开始复习功课。2) having received his letter, i decided to write back.=after receiving his letter, i decided to write back.收到他的信，我决定回信。(3) 感官动词see, watch observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词 have的后面的宾补用现在分词表示主动或正在进行。1) i heard her singing an english song when i passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我路过她教室的时候，听到她在唱一首英语歌。2) its wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你不该让机器运行。3) the peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time. 在收获季节，农民让拖拉机日夜不停的工作。（4）动词-ing逻辑上的主语是动词-ing所表示动作的对象时，一般要用被动形式1) the squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 松鼠很幸运，没有被抓住。 比较：he insisted on being sent to hospital. he insisted on sending her to hospital. 如果一个及物动词作定语 ，既要表达进行意味，又要表达被动意味时，就用动词ing的被动形式2) the question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题非常重要。 3) the skyscraper being built is still higher than that one the year before last. 正在修建的摩天大楼比前年盖的那个还要高。4) do you know the boy being punished by our teacher? 你认识那个被老师惩罚的男生吗？（5） 动词-ing形式的主动形式代替被动形式的情况 有些动词，如：want, need, require, deserve, worth等后面可以跟动词-ing的主动形式代替被动形式，表达被动意味。 1) the radio wants (needs, requires) repairing. =the radio wants (needs, requires) to be repaired. 2) the babies want (need, require) examining. = the babies want (need, require) to be examined. 3) the book is well worth reading again. 这本书很值得再看一遍。 4) these honest men are worth respecting and depending on. 诚实的人值得被尊敬和依赖。(6)有时动词-ing形式之前加上物主代词或名词的所有格（还可以用宾格）来表示它逻辑上的主语，使它的意思更加完整。1) marys being late again made her teacher very angry. 玛丽又迟到了，这让她的老师非常生气。2) do you mind my /me smoking here? 你介意我在这里抽烟吗？(7) 一些特殊用法：a. allow/advise/forbid/permit doing sth. allow/advise/forbid/permit sb. to dob. generally speaking - 一般来说frankly speaking, - 坦白地说judging from - 根据来判断considering - 考虑到c. forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事stop doing sth. 停止做一件事try doing sth. 尝试着做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事注意比较： forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 remember to do sth. 记住去做某事 regret to do sth. 遗憾去做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来接着做另一件事 try to do sth. 努力做某事 mean to do sth. 意欲/想/企图做某事 go on to do sth.（做完某事）接着做另一件事 cant help to do sth.不能帮助做某事语法练习一、改写句子1. it seems impossible to save money now. =_ _ now seems impossible.2. when he woke up, he found he was lying in bed. =when he woke up, he found _ _ in bed.3. i would rather stay at home than go shopping with mom. =i _ _at home _ _shopping with mom.4. as soon as he arrived, my father hugged albert and tried to give him courage= _ _, my father hugged albert and tried to give him courage.5. if time permits, ill attend your wedding ceremony. =_ _, ill attend your wedding ceremony.二、单项选择1. she insisted _ to miami for her summer vacation though it would cost much money.a. on taking b. on being takenc. to take d. to be taken2. he sent me an e-mail, _to get further information. a. hoped b. hoping c. to hope d. hope3. -mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? -_enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. a. get b. getting c. to get d. to be getting4. the headmaster hurried to the concert hall only _ the speaker _. a. t find; left b. finding; leaving c. finding; left d. to find; gone5. as i will be away for at least a year. id appreciate _from you now and then _me how everyone is getting along. a. hearing; tell b. to hear; tell c. hearing; telling d. to hear; to tell6. _in the queue for half an hour, tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. a. to wait b. have waited c. having waited d. to have waited7. the job is _to me because i have little experience. however, it is also_. a. challenging; rewarding b. challenged; rewarded c. challenging; rewarded d. challenged; rewarding8. _comfortably in a chair, he was completely lost in a magazine. a. to sit b. sat c. sitting d. having sit9. -ive never seen anyone run so fast-_david go. a. just watch b. just to watch c. just watching d. just having watched10. _ with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. a. compare b. when comparing c. comparing d. when compared11. it is said that the olympic games_ in beijing in 2008 covered more events than any other olympics had done.a. holding b. to be held c. held d. to be holding12. in the face of the big fire in october in california, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved out _.a. to escape burning b. to escape being burnedc. escaping burned d. escaping from burning13. the great hall was crowed with many people, _ many children _ on their parents laps.a. including; seated b. including; seating c. included; sat d. included; sitting14. _ for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.a. being no rain b. there was no rainc. to be no rain d. there being no rain 15. taking this medicine, if _, will of course do good to his health.a. continued b. to continue c. continues d. continuing16. the little boy still needs the _ 20 dollars to do with some things _.a. remaining, remained to be settled b. remaining, remaining to be settledc. remained, remained to settle d. remained, remaining to settle17. _ his age, the little boy read very well.a. considering b. considered c. consider d. having considered18. his letter, _ to the wrong number, reached me late.a. having been addressed b. to have addressedc. to have been addressed d. being addressed19. there are lots of places of interest _ in our city.a. needs repairing b. needing repairedc. needed repairing d. needing to be repaired20. - what caused the party to be put off?- _ the invitations.a. tom delayed sending b. toms delaying sendingc. tom delaying to send d. tom delayed to send21. standing on the top of the hill, i would not to do anything but_ the flowing of the smog around me.a. enjoy b. enjoying c. enjoyed d. to enjoy22. - is tom a good talker?- no, he never speaks to me other than _ something.a. ask for b. to ask for c. asked for d. asking for23. i cant get my car _ on cold mornings, so i have to try _ the radiator with some hot water.a. run; to fill b. running; fillingc. running; to fill d. ran; filling24. the drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _ in all directions before he was sent _ by his wife.a. flying; to sleep b. flying; sleepingc. to fly; to sleeping d. to fly; to sleep25. when we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _ but the door _.a. being on; shut b. burning; shuttingc. burning; shut d. on; shutting26. we found the students seated at tables and had their eyes_ on the scene of the launch of shenzhou v spaceship.a. fixed b. fix c. fixing d. to fix27. a doctor can expect _ at any hour of the day or night.a. calling b. to call c. being called d. to be called28. the boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teachers question, _ just a minute. so hes usually the teachers pet.a. thought b. having thought c. and to think d. thinking29. the policeman came up to the only house with the door _, _ there for a while and then entered it.a. open; to stand b. opening; stoodc. open; stood d. opened; standing30. mr. smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _ was nowhere to be seen.a. repairing b. it repaired c. repaired d. to be repaired答案：一、改写句子1. saving money 2. himself lying 3. prefer staying; to going 4. upon arrival5. time permitting二、单项选择15 bbcdc 610 cacad1115 cbada 1620 baadb 2125 acbac 2630 adbcc重点词汇讲解1. survival n. 存在，幸存 survivor n. 生存者1) the survival of the fittest is the law of nature. 适者生存是自然法则。2) he is the only survival in the air crash.他是空难的唯一幸存者。survive v. 活着，继续存在；比活得长；从困境中活过来或挺过来3) few survived after the flood.洪水后生还者很少。4) the custom sstill survives.这种风俗习惯还保存着。5) he survived his wife for many years.他比她妻子多活好多年。6) the house survived the storm.经过暴风雨的袭击，着所房屋并未倒塌2. in addition 加上，又，另外1) in addition, i have one more suggestion to make.另外，我还有个建议要提。2) in addition to the tips mentioned above, students should pay attention to one more tip.除了上所提到的注意事项，学生们还得注意一点。3) an addition to the class 一名班里新加的同学additional 多余的； 额外的4) the government is providing an additional 1 million yuan to carry out the experiment. 政府额外提供一百万元进行试验。3. wipe out 扫除，清除掉，购销（债务），消灭，毁灭1) we should call on the people to wipe out flies, mice and so on.我们应该号召人民消灭苍蝇、老鼠等。2) it was wiped out from his memory.这件事从他的记忆中消失了。拓展：wipe off dirt擦去灰尘3) the rain then falling wiped away all the footprints.当时正下着雨，把所有的足迹都冲掉了。4. laylaidlaid(1) 产；下1) this kind of birds lay their eggs in other birds nests这种鸟把自己的蛋下在别的鸟的巢里。2) this is the season when fish lay eggs, therefore fishing is forbidden.这是个鱼产卵的季节，因而禁止捕鱼。(2)放；搁，铺设3) you should not lay your new suit on the bed你不该把你的新西装放在床上。.4) youd better put the problem aside and think about it later.你最好把这个问题放一放，过一会儿再思考。 5) the workers are laying the cable.工人们在铺设电缆。(3)摆放to lay the table 摆放餐具准备用餐。注意：lieliedliedlying 说谎 lielaylainlying 躺 laylaidlaidlaying 放置，搁，产卵5. run (1)跑1) luis can run as fast as a horse. 刘易斯跑得象马一样快。(2)经营2) he is learning how to run a business.他正在学如何经营事业。(3)开设3) the school runs courses for those who want to improve their english.学校为那些想提高英语的人开设课程。(4)开动，运转4) who can run this machine?谁能开动这台机器？5)who had the machine running the whole night yesterday?谁让机器昨天开一夜？(5)延伸6) this road runs as far as the river. 这条路一直通到河。(6)流；淌7) tears ran down her face after she heard the moving story. 听了那动人的故事，泪水沿着脸流下。running water 自来水6. be concerned about(for, over)对关心1) we are all concerned about her safety.我们都很关心她的安全。2) she was much concerned over the living conditions of the refugees.她很关心难民的生活情况。concerned 形容词，意思是“和有关”3) we shall have to consult the other countries concerned.我们得和其他有关国家磋商。4) this was good news to everyone concerned.这对每一个有关的人来说都是好消息。concerning prep. 介词，通常用于比较正式的场合，意思是“关于”5) i wrote to the head of the company concerning a business arrangement.我就一项业务安排问题写信给该公司经理。as far as be concerned 就而言6) as far as im concerned, i cannot object to your marriage.就我个人而言，我不反对你们结婚。7. figure数字1) dont just look at the figures, look at the quality of work, too.不要只看数字，还要看工作质量。(1)figure 图形，人物square figure 方形historical figure 历史人物(2)figure out弄懂，弄明白，想出办法ill figure out what to do next. 我来看看下一部怎么办。8. run out of 用完了we have run out of milk and bread. 我们没有牛奶和面包了。run for 竞选she run for mayor three times.她三次竞选市长。run across 偶遇run after追赶，追逐i ran across my teacher at the hall. 我在大厅里遇到了老师。9. eco-环境的，生态的ecology 生态学 ecological生态的 ecologist生态学家 ecotype生态型 ecoearriers生态保护战士 ecotourism生态旅游 ecotourist生态旅游者ecofriendly环保的 ecodevelopment 生态发展 ecosystem生态系统eco-activity 生态活动 ecocatastrophe生态灾难10. global adj. 全球的，全世界的 global issue 全球性问题 global village 地球村 global warming 全球变暖 globalize v. 全球化，全世界化 globalization n. the globalization of world trade 世界贸易的全球化 globe n. 地球仪，地球，世界 tourists from every corner of the globe 来自世界各地的游人11. electric adj. 电的，用电的，带电的 electric light/guitar 电灯/电吉他 electric razor 电动剃须刀 electric blanket 电热毯 electrical adj. 电的，与电有关的，电气科学的 electrical equipment 电器设备 electrical engineering 电机工程 electricity n. 电 electrician n. 电工12. customs n. 海关，报关手续，关税1) it took us an hour to get through/pass the customs.我们花了一个小时的时间通过海关。2) i had to pay customs on this camera.我得为这部相机支付关税。custom n. 风俗习惯，习俗3) social customs vary greatly from country to country.各个国家的社会习俗有很大的差异。4) the custom of giving presents at christmas 圣诞互赠礼物的习俗5) it is the custom in that country for women to marry young.那个国家妇女早婚是一种风俗习惯。the customs 海关a customs officer 海关人员customs duties 关税14. the state of our parks is very shocking, with rubbish everywhere.公园里到处都是垃圾，令人震惊。shock v.使震惊1) i was very much shocked at the sight. 这情景使我大为震惊。shock n.冲击，打击，电击2) it was a great shock for him when his wife died.他妻子的死对他上一个沉重的打击。3) an electric shock can kill you. 电击可致人于死地。相关短语：culture shock文化冲击（休克）future shock未来冲击（震撼）shocked 感到震惊 shocking令人震惊15. impress v. 给留下印象1) we interviewed a number of candidates but none of them impressed us.我们和数名申请人进行了面谈，但没给我们留下什么印象。2) he impressed her with his sincerity.他以自己的真诚给她留下了深刻的印象。impression n. 印象，感想3) my first impression of him was favourable.他给我的第一印象不错。4) she gives the impression of being very busy.她给人的感觉总是很忙。 makeimpression on 给留下印象5) his trip to india made a strong impression on him.他的印度之行对他的振动很大。leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象。16. decrease v. （使某物）变小或变少；减少； n. decrease ( in sth. ) 减少；降低1) student numbers have decreased by 500.学生人数减少了500。2) the membership decreased to 150.会员数减少到150。3) interest in the sport is decreasing.人民对这项运动项目的兴趣已逐渐淡薄。4) there has been a decrease in population.人口数已有下降。反义词；increase5) tourists have increased in number.旅游者的人数增加了。6) increase in population caused a shortage of food.人口的增加导致了粮食的不足17. measure v. 量度，测量；n. 量器；尺度，标准；措施，办法；1) the tailor measured me (up) for a suit. 裁缝给我量尺寸做衣服。2) this room measures 6 meters by 4.这个房间6米长，4米宽。3) they took strong measures against reckless drivers.他们对于卤莽的驾驶员采取了强硬的手段。clothes made to measure 订做的衣服 a tape measure 卷尺 18. stock n. 库存物，存货；adj.常备的；常用的，陈腐的；v. 储备1) have you any red shirts in stock?你们有红色衬衣的的现货吗？2) as soon as they heard about possible food shortages, they began to stock up.他们一听说食物可能短缺，就立刻储备起来。3) we stock a lot of canned food in the basement.我们在地下室里储存了大量的罐头食品。4) stocks of the company are rising (falling)该公司的股票正在上涨（下跌）。the stock exchange 证券交易所19. pick out选出，拣出1) here are sone magazines. you can pick out those you want.这里有一些杂志，你可挑出你想要的。pick up;拈起，学会，收听到，搭载，康复2) she picked up the telephone on her desk and began to dial.她拿起桌上的电话开始拨号。3) the little girl picked herself up and went on playing.那小女孩自己爬起来玩。4) young children soon pick up words they hear their elders use.小孩很快就学会了他们听到大人们讲的那些话。5) we picked up signals for help in the radio.我们在无线电里收到了呼救信号。6) the bus stopped to pick up passengers.公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。7) she was ill for some time, but she is now picking up.她病了一阵子，不过现在正在康复。辨析：pick out, choose和selectpick out指“仔细挑选”，表示选择时的小心谨慎；choose是一般性选择，在明确两 者之间选一个时，用select侧重于从许多不同种类中进行挑选时的挑剔态度20. raise v. 举起，提起，升起，提高，引起，激起，使产生或出现，养育，饲养1) she raised her eyes and stared at me. 她抬起眼睛盯着我。2) my salary was raised to 50000 yuan a year.我的薪水被增加到每年50000元。3) please raise your hand. 请举手。4) she raised the window and let in the fresh air.她把窗户推上去，让新鲜空气进来。5) he raised his voice. 他提高声音。6) i was raised by my aunt. 我由姑姑抚养长大。raise money 募捐 raise a question 提问题 raise cattle 养牛比较：raise vt. (raised/raised) 举起，抬起 rise vi.( rose/risen) 上升，起立7) prices have been raised u