江苏省常州市高考英语阅读理解联合训练（11）(1).doc

江苏省常州市2014高考英语阅读理解联合训练（11）及答案阅读理解-achinese politeness have always been formal to follow strict rules, although sometimes chinese people seem to be impolite according to western standards in public places. to well understand chinese, some concepts should not be ignored.mianzithe idea of shame, usually expressed as face could be loosely defined as the status or self-respect in chinese and by no means alien to foreigners. it is the worst thing for a chinese to lose face. never insult, embarrass, shame, yell at or otherwise demean a person. since all these actions would risk putting a chinese in a situation that he might lose face, neither try to prove someone wrong nor shout at him in public. in order to get a successful effect without letting a chinese lose face, any criticism should be delivered privately, carefully, or else, just opposite to what you wish. guanxithroughout much of chinese history, the fundamental glue that has held society together is the concept of guanxi, relationships between people. it is very important for the chinese to have good relationships. they often regard good social relations as a symbol of personal ability and influence. someone who has no connections would be disrespected and is only half-chinese. keqikeqi not only means considerate, polite, and well mannered, but also represents respect and modesty. it is impolite to talk too proudly about oneself or ones inner circle. the expression is most often used in the negative, as in buyao keqi, meaning you shouldnt be so kind and polite to me, or youre welcome. besides, chinese seldom express what they think directly and they prefer a roundabout way. neither show their emotions and feelings in public. they rarely greet people with a handshake, though it is very popular among foreigners, and say nothing of embracing or kissing when greeting or saying good-bye. consequently, it is better not to behave too carefree in public, even though you are well-intentioned. also, it is advisable to be fairly cautious in political discussions. do not particularly push yourself forward, or else you are unwelcome. to sum up, do in rome as rome does, but you need not worry about these cultural barriers since most chinese are hospitable and friendly and will not mind your no accomplishment. 1. in most chineses eyes, the fundamental glue holding society together is the idea of _.a. relationships between people b. influences upon othersc. dependence on others d. kindness to others2. the underlined word “demean” in the first paragraph means make people _.a. respectfulb. happyc. shameful d. weak3. which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? a. it is impolite to insult, embarrass, shame or shout at a person.b. it is polite that you should bring gifts to others when invited to dinner.c. it is necessary to show your character of being considerate, polite, and well mannered.d. it is important for the chinese to have good relationships between people.4. which of the following proverbs has the same meaning as the underlined sentence “do in rome as rome does.”?a. caution is the parent of safety. b. many hands make light work.c. theres no smoke without fire.d. if you are elsewhere, live as they do there.【参考答案】14、acbd 第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(a)some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. the noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. it is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. such noises are added to natural sounds. these sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. a noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. in water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninetyfive would have the same effect. some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in the oceans. they have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales（鲸鱼）. a team of american and canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. the research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. this seriously affected the whales ability to exchange information and find their way. some of the whales even died. the explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected(被感染的). many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds are against a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. they say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research. scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. however, many scientists dont think that noise is a greater danger than they believed. they want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. 【文章大意】本文叙述了研究表明噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险，科学家将来要采取措施拯救海洋生物，阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害，提醒我们也要意识到保护海洋生物的重要性。26. according to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?a. the sound of cars.b. the sound of voices.c. man-made noise pollution.d. the sound of steps.【答案】c 【 解析】细节理解题。由第一段some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. 可知噪音污染引起了海洋生物的危险，故选c。27. according to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following except_.a. sounds made by animals themselvesb. ocean drillingc. underwater earthquakesd. the breaking of ice fields【答案】b【 解析】细节理解题。由第二段these sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. 可知ocean drilling不是自然的声音，故选b。28. which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?a. the same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.b. different places may have different types of noises.c. the decibel is not a right unit (单位) for measuring underwater noise.d. different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.【答案】a【 解析】段落大意题，根据decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land. 这是中心句可知同一种噪音在陆地和水面产生的效果是不一样，故选a。29. which of the following is true of whales?a. they wont be confused by noises.b. they are deaf to noises.c. their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.d. their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.【答案】d【 解析】推理判断题。根据第六段the research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing.可知水下巨大的爆炸声会使鲸失去听力，故选d。30. according to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?a. they will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.b. they will protect animals from harmful noises.c. they will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.d. they will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【答案】b【 解析】推理判断题。由文章的最后一句话they want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. 可知科学家将来要采取措施阻止噪音对海洋生物的伤害，故选b。阅读理解beldon and canfield are two seashore towns, not far apartboth towns have many hotels, and in summer the hotels are full of holiday-makers and other touristslast august there was a fire at the seabreeze hotel in beldonthe next day, this news appeared on page two of the towns newspaperthe beldon post:fire at seabreezelate last night firemen hurried to the seabreeze hotel and quickly put out a small fire in a bedroomthe hotel manager said that a cigarette started the firewe say again to all our visitors： “please dont smoke cigarettes in bed” this was beldons first hotel fire for five yearsthe canfield times gave the news in these words on page one：another beldon hotel catches firelast night beldon firemen arrived just too late to save clothing, bedclothes and some furniture at the seabreeze hotelan angry holiday-maker said, “an electric lamp probably started the firethe bedroom lamps are very old at some of these hotelswhen i put my bed side light on, i heard a funny noise from the lamp” we are glad to tell our readers that this sort of adventure does not happen in canfieldwhat are the facts, then? it is never easy to find out the exact truth about an accidentthere was a fire at the seabreeze hotel last august: that is one factdo we know anything else? yes, we know that firemen went to the hotelnow what do you think of the rest of the “news”?1which of the following best gives the main idea of this text?abeldon and canfield are both good places for tourists in summerba fire broke out at night in seabreeze hotel last summercit was not easy to find out exact truth from newspapersdtwo newspapers gave reports on the same matter2which of the following are probably facts?athe fire broke out in a bedroom at the hotelba cigarette started the firecan old lamp started the firedthe fire broke out at nightethere has never been a fire in canfieldab and cba and dcc and eda and c3the canfield times used the headline like this in order to make its readers think _ ahotels in beldon often catch firebhotels in beldon dont often catch firecthis was the second fire at the seabreeze hote dbeldon was a good place except that hotels there are not quite safe4the canfield newspaper gave a report just the opposite to the beldon post by saying that _athe bedroom lamps were very old at the seabreeze hotelbthe bedroom lights made funny noise when the fire took placecthe firemen failed to save clothing, bedclothes and other thingsdsuch accidents never happened in canfield for the past 5 years2 （答案cbac）阅读理解read the following reviews for movies that are showing at the moment. and then answer questions.happiness（romance）happiness tells the story of two people （lisa turbot and danny roy）who work for different advertising companies. they talk on the phone all the time and dont like each other. but then they correspond by email and fall in love. this movie will be very popular with teenagers and people who like romances. it also has beautiful music.scream i（thriller）in scream i, paul（colin jacks）is a young man who joins a thriller club. each of the members tries to frighten the others. paul is told to stay in an old house for the night. everyone who has tried to stay in the house before has died. this movie is very frightening but also quite silly. it doesnt make sense for paul to stay in the house when things start to go wrong. only for people who like thrillers.pauls heroes（comedy）this is a very funny war movie set in world war two. six soldiers（including sammy turblow）have to get to italy to take secret messages to the american army there. during the movie, they dress up as women and fight with italian workers. you can guess the ending, but its great fun getting there._（drama）this is a very good drama with jack ross, a hard-working truck driver. his wife becomes ill and he has to find a doctor who can help her. in his travels he meets dr. lloyd（phil driver）who has found the cure for the illness, but jack ross has only twelve hours to get the medicine back to his wife on the other side of america. this is an excellent movie, which is very exciting.1. the underlined word “correspond” can be replaced by _.a. date b. communicate c. exchange d. write 2. a thriller is most probably a film which tells something _.a. frightening b. instructive c. humorous d. interesting3. which of the following is the best title for the fourth film?a. a hard-working truck driver b. medicinec. a strange illness d. twelve hours4. where can we probably read the passage?a. on the sports page. b. a travel brochure. c. on the entertainment page. d. in the test book.（参考答案 badc）阅读理解-(b)the usa is a land of immigrants. between 1815 and 1914, the world witnessed the greatest peaceful migration in its history: 35 million people, mostly europeans, left their homelands to start new lives in america. why did these people risk everything by leaving their homes and families?first, what forced emigrants to make the decision to leave? one major cause for european farmers to leave was the rise in population which in turn led to land hunger. another was politics. there was an increased taxation（税收） and the growth of armies, and many young men fled eastern europe to avoid being forced to join the army.physical hunger provided another pressing reason. following the collapse （衰退）of the economy of southern italy in the 1860s, hundreds of thousands decided to start a new life in america. religion also encouraged millions to leave the old world.in short, people chose to leave their homes for social, economic and religious reasons. as a result, by 1890 among a total population of 63 million, there were more than nine million foreign-born americans.but what were the attractions? first of all, there was the promise of land which was so scarce in europe. next, factories were calling for workers, and pay conditions were much better than back home. men were needed to open up the west and build the long railroads, and new towns needed settlers to live in and to develop business. there was the space for religious people to practice their faith in peace.this immigration meant that by around the 1850s americans of non-english had started to be more than those of english. as we know, there were losers. to start with, there were those unwilling immigrants, the slaves who had been used as a source of cheap labour. nor should we forget the equally unlucky american indians. by 1860 there were 27 million free whites, four million slaves and a mere 488,000 free blacks.nowadays, the usa is still seen by millions as the promised land. as always, it remains an attractive place to those who think it will offer them a second chance.【文章大意】本文叙述了在 1815 和 1914之间,美国成了移民最好的去处，由于政治，经济、宗教信仰等的原因，欧洲的一些人开始向美国迁移，因为在这里人们有更多的就业机会、有商机有宗教自由，现在美国仍然是许多人的想去的乐土。31. what is not the cause for people to leave their homeland? a. the search for religious freedom. b. the search for adventure. c. unwillingness to join the army. d. economics.【答案】b 【 解析】细节理解题。根据many young men fled eastern europe to avoid being forced to join the army.in short, people chose to leave their homes for social, econo