江苏省扬州市高考英语 阅读理解精品训练（8）.doc

扬州市2014高考英语阅读理解精品训练（8）及答案解析(2011陕西卷，b)most people know that marie curie was the first woman to win the nobel prize, and the first person to win it twice. however, few people know that she was also the mother of a nobel prize winner.born in september, 1897, irene curie was the first of the curies two daughters. along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. she finished her high school education at the college of svign in paris.irene entered the university of paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. when world war i began, irene went to help her mother, who was using xray facilities(设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.irene continued the work by developing xray facilities in military hospitals in france and belgium. her services were recognised in the form of a military medal by the french government.in 1918, irene became her mothers assistant at the curie institute. in december 1924, frederic joliot joined the institute, and irene taught him the techniques required for his work. they soon fell in love and were married in 1926. their daughter helene was born in 1927 and their son pierre five years later.like her mother, irene combined family and career. like her mother, irene was awarded a nobel prize, along with her husband, in 1935. unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射能). irene joliotcurie died from leukemia on march 17, 1956.本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍居里夫人大女儿irene curie的一生。5why was irene curie awarded a military medal?abecause she received a degree in mathematics.bbecause she contributed to saving the wounded.cbecause she won the nobel prize with frederic.dbecause she worked as a helper to her mother.答案：b。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，第一次世界大战开始后，irene帮助母亲救助伤员，法国政府以军功章的形式表示对她的贡献的认可。所以选择b项。6where did irene curie meet her husband frederic joliot?aat the curie institute. bat the university of paris.cat a military hospital. dat the college of svign.答案：a。推理判断题。文章第四段说：在1918年，irene在居里夫人研究院成为母亲的助手，1924年12月frederic joliot加入了该研究院，irene教给他该项工作要求的技术，不久他们相爱了并于1926年结婚，由此可推断出c项正确。7when was the second child of irene curie and frederic joliot born?ain 1932. bin 1927. cin 1897. din 1926.答案：a。细节理解题。第四段最后一句表明：他们第一个孩子于1927年出生，5年后(1932年)第二个孩子出生，所以a项正确。8in which of the following aspects was irene cuire different from her mother?airene worked with radioactivity.birene combined family and career.cirene won the nobel prize once. direne died from leukemia.答案：c。推理判断题。纵观全文可知，irene在“与放射性物质打交道/把家庭与事业相结合/死于leukemia”这三方面与母亲相同，不同的是irene获得一次诺贝尔奖，母亲两次。(2011辽宁卷，c)many people believe henry ford invented the automobile (汽车)but henry ford did not start to build his first car until 1896.that was eleven years after two germans developed the worlds first automobile.many people believe henry ford invented the production line that moved a cars parts to the worker，instead of making the worker move to the parts.that is not true，either.many factory owners used methods of this kind before ford.what henry ford did was to use other peoples ideas and make them better.and he made the whole factory a moving production line.in the early days of the automobile，almost every car maker raced his cars.it was the best way of gaining public notice.henry ford decided to build a racing car.fords most famous race was his first one.it was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.the race was in 1901，at a field near detroit.all of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left：the winton and fords.the winton was famous for its speed.most people thought the race was over before it began.the winton took an early lead.but halfway through the race, it began to lose power.ford started to gain.and near the end of the race, he took the lead.ford won the race and defeated the winton.his name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the united states.within weeks of the race, henry ford formed a new automobile company.in 1903, a doctor in detroit bought the first car from the company.that_sale was the beginning of henry fords dream.ford said: “i will build a motor car for the great mass of people.it will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for.it will be built of the best materials.it will be built by the best men to be employed.and it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce.it will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”the model t was a car of that kind.it only cost $850.it was a simple machine that drivers could depend on.doctors bought the model tso did farmers.even criminals. they considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation.americans loved the model tthey wrote stories and songs about it.thousands of model ts were built in the first few years.本文记叙了亨利福特充分利用别人的想法，生产出了自己的汽车，形成了自己的生产流水线。通过赛车比赛，使公众关注到自己的汽车，然后建立了自己的汽车公司，为所有的普通顾客生产汽车。9what do we know about henry ford from paragraph 1?ahe made good use of ideas from others.bhe produced the first car in the world.che knew how to improve auto parts.dhe invented the production line.答案：a。细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：福特所做的就是利用别人的想法，然后更好地利用。10why did henry ford take part in the 1901 car race?ato show off his driving skills.bto draw public attention.cto learn about new technology.dto raise money for his new company.答案：b。细节理解题。根据短文第二段可知，开始时，每个汽车制造者都开赛车，并且这是引人注意的最好方法。因此他制造自己的赛车，进行比赛，目的是引人注意。11“that sale” in paragraph 4 refers to_.athe selling of ford cars at reduced pricesbthe sale of model t to the mass of peoplecthe selling of a car to a detroit doctordthe sales target for the ford company答案：c。词义猜测题。由上一句话“in 1903, a doctor in detroit bought the first car from the company”可知，that sale指代的是医生买车这件事。12what was henry fords dream according to the text?aproducing cars for average customers.bbuilding racing cars of simple design.cdesigning more car models.dstarting more companies.答案：a。细节理解题。由短文倒数第二段及最后一段可知，他造的车价格低，能挣钱的人都能买得起他的车，医生，农民甚至罪犯都买他的车。由此可知他的梦想就是为普通老百姓造车。c72013广东卷 aimagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.children know this very well. fred epstein，in his book if i make it to five，tells a story he heard from one of his friends about tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.he came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.tom loved to pretend，and he particularly loved to play superheroes. dr. epstein explained that it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life he led.the day before his third trip to the operating room，tom was terribly afraid.“maybe i could go as superman，”he whispered to his mom.hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while.she had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装)，but finally she agreed.the next day tom appeared as the powerful superman，showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.and tom，with the strength of his fantasy，successfully made it through the operation.the power of imagination need not be reserved for children only.we all have the power to use our fantasies to attempt things we never thought possible，to go through those things that seem impossible，and to achieve what we never believed we could. just as dr.epstein puts it，“if you can dream it，you can do it.”it doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview.but，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it.become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.so，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.26what do we know about tom?ahe was seriously ill.bhe was a dishonest boy.che was crazy about magic.dhe was dr.epsteins patient.27what can be inferred about toms mother?ashe was a rich lady.bshe refused toms request.cshe wanted tom to be a superhero.dshe wanted to get tom through the pain.28when tom went for the third operation，he _apretended to be painfulbacted like a superherocappeared in poor spiritsdargued with his mother29in the last paragraph，you are advised _ato go through some difficult testsbto wake up from your wild dreamscto become a powerful person in your minddto wear expensive clothes for job interviews30what is the purpose of the passage?ato tell us an interesting story.bto help us make right decisions.cto advise us to care about children.dto encourage us to use our imagination.【要点综述】 文章告诉我们，面对苦难和挑战，要充分发挥想象力的作用，使自己内心强大起来，梦想才能实现。26a细节理解题。由第一段的“tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.he came through several operations”可知，tom 病得很厉害。27d推理判断题。由第四段的“and tom, with the strength of his fantasy，successfully made it through the operation.”可以看出，tom的妈妈答应儿子的要求，就是想帮儿子减少手术的痛苦感。其他选项可以这样排除：由第三段的“she had avoided buying the expensive costume(戏装)，but finally she agreed.”可以看出a和b错误；c项可以由常识排除。28b 细节理解题。由第四段的“the next day tom appeared as the powerful superman, showing off through the hospital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.”可知当时他的行为和超人一样。故选b。29c 推理判断题。这是对前面所讲述的故事的升华，故事中小tom用自己的想象力战胜了痛苦，作者在这里也建议我们面对困难时要“need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.”还要“let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.”由此可见，c项符合题意。30d 写作目的题。文章开篇点题：imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.告诉我们想象力的重要性，然后通过一个具体的例子加以论证。最后一段中作者又鼓励我们在挑战和困难面前使用想象力，使自己内心强大起来，故选d。c72013广东卷 bsome people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family，and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.im not going to say luck，talent，and circumstances dont come into play because they do.some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence，and thats just the reality of how life is.however，to succeed in life，one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.and，in addition to that，in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10，000 hours studying and practising.to become great at certain things，itll require even more time，time that most people wont put in.this is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. if you dont enjoy what you do，it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it.when you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success，you know that they have put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost.its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent，but thinking that way does you no good，and theres a huge chance that youre wrong anyway.whatever you do，if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out，almost to the point of addiction，and over a long period of time.if youre not willing to put in the time and work，dont expect to receive any rewards.consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.31paragraph 1 mainly talks about _athe reasons for successbthe meaning of successcthe standards of successdthe importance of success32in paragraph 2，the underlined word that refers to _abeing good at somethingbsetting a practical goalcputting in more timedsucceeding in life33successful people suggest doing what one loves because _awork makes one feel painbone tends to enjoy his workcone gives up his work easilydit takes a lot of time to succeed34what can we infer from parag