江西省宜中学高中英语《Unit2 Working the land 第二课时语言点》导学案（无答案）新人教版必修4 (2).doc

第四册第二单元第二课时 语言点book4 unit two “working the land”help yourself and god will help you 自助者天助之learning goals: learn the following new words and phrases: struggle, expand, thanks to, rid.of, the first to do.step1. leading inask a few students to briefly introduce yuanglongping .step2. reading and thinking1. indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.思考：为什么whom 前用 for? 1.struggle v. n. 斗争 拼搏 ，努力eg:1) the young man has struggled with sickness for a few months.2) in 1862, the american slaves won their struggle for freedom知识归纳：struggle with sb 与某人搏斗，斗争,与并肩作战struggle against. 为抵抗而斗争struggle for. 为而斗争;努力争取 struggle to do sth 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来即学即练：1) the two brothers struggled each other their parents old house.2) in order to protect the environment, we should struggle all kinds of pollution_3) after a few minutes, the young man struggled his feet, glaring at the enemy4) the angry man struggled control his temper(脾气)2.dr yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields袁博士(开始)在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求达到增收的途径。expand，vt张开，使膨胀；扩张；扩充，扩展，发展业务 vi.发展；膨胀expandinto 把扩展发展成expand into 发展成扩大成expand on sth 细说(阐述)expansion n 扩大，膨胀1) as we all know, metals expand when they are heated译：_ 2)you can expand your knowledge by reading more books 译：_ 3)why not your story a novel?为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢?4)he his new plan他阐述了他的新计划。辨析：expandextendenlargespread(1)expand“扩大；使膨胀”，指范围、体积的扩大。(2)extend“扩充；伸长”，指空间范围等的扩大，长度、宽度的延伸及时问的延长。(3)enlarge指面积、体积和范围的扩大以及能力的增长，不能用来指重量、速度、时间等。(4)spread侧重指向四面八方展开，强调其表面，也指物种、疾病、思想或文化习惯的传播、延伸。5)water when it freezes水结冰时体积变大。6)the hot weather to october炎热的天气一直持续到十月份。7)reading will your vocabulary阅读能扩大你的词汇量。8)the disease quickly around the village这种疾病迅速在整个村庄里蔓延。3.thanks to his research, the un has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger知识归纳：1） thanks to 多亏，由于表示“因为，由于”的短语还有：because , as a result , on account , owing , due . _(多亏你的帮助),we were successful. (由于天气不好) ，the match has been cancelled.2) rid v (rid rid ridding) rid.of . 使.摆脱 rid .adj. get/ be rid ofhe finally rid himself of all financial worries他终于使自己摆脱了所有的财政忧虑。you have rid yourself of that bad habit.你已经改掉了那个坏习惯。归纳：rid的过去式和过去分词均是1)近义词：freeof使摆脱break away from脱离，摆脱2)rid的常用短语归纳：be rid of摆脱掉get rid of摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉如：i am glad to be rid of him我很高兴摆脱了他。well have to get rid of him我们必须摆脱掉他。he hopes to get rid of his bad habits他希望除掉他的坏习惯。3)用于“动词+某人+of+某物”的常见短语还有：rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物remind sb of sth提醒某人某事inform sb of sth通知某人某事convince sb of sth使某冬信服某事ask sb of sth问及某人莱事expect sb of sth期望某人策事(物)require sb of sth要求某人某事(物)练习：you should rid yourself of the bad habits.you should the bad habits对父亲来说，要摆脱烟是很困难的its _if you want to advance yourself in your studies, you will first have to yourself of those shortcomings that can become barriers to progress.a. remove b. react c. rid d. reduceyoure coughing badly, martin. why not give up smoking?give up smoking? easier said than done, amy. once you the habit of smoking, it is very hard for you toa. keep up; break it away b. take up; drop it outc. pick up; get rid of it d. build up; do away with it 4. using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍知识归纳：英语中的五种常见倍数表达法:ridof摆脱；除去用他的杂交水稻种子。农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。剖析：1)本句中的现在分词短语using his hybrid rice作方式状语。动词的现在分词除了作方式状语外，也可以作时间状语、原因状语或结果状语。2）asas前可以用表示倍数的词来修饰，如half，a quarter，twice，three times等，意为“是多少倍”。倍数的表达可用下面五个句型：倍数+as+形容词副词原级+as倍数+形容词副词比较级+than倍数+the+名词(size，length，width，height，amount等)+of倍数+what+clauseby+倍数this tree is three times as tall as that one这棵树的高是那棵树的三倍。the yangtze river is almost three times longer than the pearl river长江差不多是珠江三倍长。the newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one新扩建的广场的面积是未扩建时的四倍。the production of our factory is five times what it was five years ago我们工厂的产量是五年前的五倍。compared with that of last year，our coal output has increased by four times与去年相比，我们的煤的产量增加了四倍。归纳：time表示倍数，一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上；若表示两倍，可用副词twice或形容词double。time表示的倍数也可以用分数、百分数或某些表程度的副词替换。这张桌子比那张桌子长两倍译: _他的新房子占地面积180m2，是旧房子的三倍大his new house covers an area of 180m2, which is .the new stadium being built for the next asian games will be the present oneaas three times big as bthree times as big as cas big as three times das big three times asabout 110 million people moved to the city. the population is as ten years agoaas twice large btwice as large cas many twice dtwice as many around the fire，the tourists danced with the local peopleagather bto gather cgathering dto be gathering5.in 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.译：_ the first to do sth “第一个做”the first/ second/last/ to do sth （不定式作后置定语）即学即练1）john adams is the first man (land) on the moon2) he is always the last student