浙江省奉化市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（2）.doc

浙江奉化市2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）选练（2）阅读理解two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. in fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit? first of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. a report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱) . for example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. the problem isnt in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict. once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) : stay calm. once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. rude words, name- calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. on the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control. after both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. listening allows the two sides to understand each other. one person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. afterward, the listener can ask non- threatening questions to clarify the speakers position. then the two people should change roles. finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. this doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person. it means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. for example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. students need to ask themselves questions such as these: how did this start? what do i really want? what am i afraid of? as the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. even if it doesnt, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution. there will always be conflict in schools, but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence. after students in atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to educators for social responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. in that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country. 1. this article is mainly about.a. the lives of school childrenb. the cause of arguments in schoolsc. how to analyze youth violenced. how to deal with school conflicts2. from paragraph 2 we can learn that.a. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime b. a small conflict can lead to violencec. students tend to lose their temper easilyd. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight3. why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in paragraph 5? a. to find out who is to blame. b. to get ready to try new things. c. to make clear what the real issue is. d. to figure out how to stop the shouting match. 4. after the conflict resolution program was started in atlanta, it was found that.a. there was decrease in classroom violenceb. there was less student cooperation in the classroomc. more teachers felt better about themselves in schoolsd. the teacher- student relationship greatly improved5. the writers purpose for writing this article is to.a. complain about problems in school educationb. teach students different strategies for school lifec. advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsd. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence【参考答案】41.dbcac阅读理解do you want to love what you do for a living? follow your passion. this piece of advice provides the foundation for modern thinking on career satisfaction. but this can be a problem.ive spent the past several years researching and writing about the different strategies we use to seek happiness in our work. it became clear early in the process that the suggestion to ” follow your passion was flawed, for it lacks scientific evidence. however, it doesnt mean you should abandon the goal of feeling passionate about your work. the reality emphasizes that things are quite complicated.passion is earned. different people are looking for different things in their work, but generally, people with satisfying careers enjoy some combination of the following features: autonomy，respect，competence，creativity，and a sense of impact. in other words，if you want to feel passionate about your livelihood，dont seek the perfect job，but seek to get more of these features in the job you already have.passion is elusive (难捉摸的）.many people develop the rare and valuable skills leading to passion , but still end up unhappy in their work. the problem is that the features leading you to love your work are more likely to be useful to you than your organization. as you become increasingly valuable”，for example, your boss might push you toward traditional promotions that come with more pay and more responsibility, as this is what is most useful to your company. however, you might find more passion by applying your value to gain autonomy in your schedule or project selection.passion is dangerous. ive watched too many of my peers fall into anxiety and chronic job-hoppirig due to the follow your passion” advice. the issue is expectations. if you believe we all have a pre-existing passion，and that matching it to a job will lead to instant workplace happiness,reality will always pale in comparison.work is hard. not every day is fun. if youre seeking a dream job, youll end up frustrated, again and again. dont set out to discover passion. instead, set out to develop it. this path might be longer and more complicated than what most cheerful career guides might advocate，but its a path much more likely to lead you somewhere worth going.67. people satisfied with their careers are _.a. autonomous and passionateb. creative and competentc. respectable and sensitived. creative and passionate68. what is the authors advice on achieving career satisfaction?a. developing passion for what one is doing.b. matching the pre-existing passion to ones work.c. figuring out early what one will do in the future.d. discovering skills that lead to interesting careers.69. the underlined sentence in para. 5 probably means that _.a. it is not easy to match our passion with our jobsb. we shouldnt think everyone has a pre-existing passionc. high expectations of passion in jobs bring disappointmentd. workplace happiness does not require a pre-existing passion70. whats the authors attitude towards the advice of “following your passion”？a. ambiguous. b. supportive.c. cautious.d. disapproving.【参考答案】1. 67-70 bacd 高考英语单项选择考前精讲精练（答案）单项填空题解题策略纵观近几年的高考单项填空题，我们可以发现单项填空题的内容越来越贴近学生的日常生活，语言更加灵活，考点较为明确，淡化了对语法知识机械记忆的考查，强调语言的交际功能。单项填空题目设置非常灵活，看似简单，却不容易答对，设有很多的“陷阱”使考生容易出错。因此，掌握相应的解题方法对快速、准确地答题是很有必要的。一、简化法题干中的插入语、同位语、修饰语或其他附加信息等使得句子难度增加，解题时可将这类成分删除，起到化繁为简的作用，以迅速找到解题的切入点。【考例1】 let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them. (2013陕西)a. to understand b. understand c. understanding d. understood解析：介词短语in need修饰those，将其去掉，句子变为let those _ that we will go all out to help them. 不难看出本题考查let sb do sth结构，故答案为b。【考例2】 “never for a second,” the boy says, “ _ that my father would come to my rescue.” (2013江苏)a. i doubted b. do i doubt c. i have doubted d. did i doubt解析：将the boy says去掉，句子变为never for a second _ that my father would come to my rescue。可以看出本题考查倒装结构，再根据宾语从句中的时态可知应选d项。二、补全法在一些单项填空题中，题干省略了某些成分，增加了试题的难度。我们可以补全句子，使句子结构完整、语境清楚，解题也就更容易了。【考例】 there are some health problems that, when _ in time, can become bigger ones later on. (2013浙江)a. not treatedb. not being treatedc. not to be treated d. not having been treated 解析：题干中省略了主语和be动词，如果把省略部分补全，句子应为：there are some health problems that, when they are _ in time，can become bigger ones later on. 答案为a。三、还原法高考命题常以复杂的句型来增加考题的难度，有意给学生造成理解和判断上的困难。面对这种题型，考生要能透过复杂的语言环境，结合语法结构，还原出“庐山真面目”, 这样题目就会变得简单，如将感叹句、倒装句、疑问句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句等。【考例】 among the crises that face humans _ the lack of natural resources. (2013上海)a. is b. are c. is there d. are there解析: 如果把题干中的倒装句改为正常语序，句子表达为：the lack of natural resources _ among the crises that face humans. 我们可以看出此题是对主谓一致的考查，答案为a。四、语境分析法近年来的高考题往往自然、巧妙地设置一定的语言情景或故意隐藏某些有效的信息。考生仅凭语法知识来判断往往很难做出正确选择，只有分析具体的语言情境，抓住隐含信息，才能找出答案。【考例】 do you think mom and dad _ late? no. swiss air is usually on time. (2013北京)a. were b. will be c. would be d. have been解析: 句意：你认为爸爸和妈妈会晚到吗？不会的，瑞士航空一向准时。 根据语境可知“爸爸和妈妈的飞机还未到”，应该用一般将来时，故选b项。五、词义辨析法名词、动词或短语动词、形容词、副词、代词等的辨析是历年高考单项填空题的考查热点。做此类题时，考生要注意对句意做出正确理解，对选项进行比较分析，从而选出正确答案。【考例】 butterflies _ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect. (2013湖北)a. carry on b. feed on c. put on d. focus on解析：该题考查“动词+on”构成的短语动词辨析。carry on继续; feed on以为食；put on穿上，上演; focus on集中于。句意：蝴蝶以花蜜为食，这些花蜜是蜜蜂和其它昆虫采集的。根据句意选b。六、关键信息提示法解答单项填空题时，应特别留意题干中的关键词语，这些词语揭示了答题的关键信息。例如时态题中表示时间的关键词、倒装句中位于句首的关键词以及引起句子使用虚拟语气的词等。【考例1】 eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old. (2013浙江)a. was b. be c. were d. is解析：题干中recommend是答题的关键，其后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气(谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略)，故答案为b。【考例2】 im calling about the apartment you _ the other day. could you tell me more about it? (2013安徽)a. adver