（全国通用版）2019版高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 1 Cultural relics讲义 新人教版必修2.doc

unit 1cultural relics重点单词1rare adj.稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的2fancyadj.奇特的；异样的vt.想象；设想；爱好3style n风格；风度；类型4remove vt.移动；搬开5mystery n神秘；神秘的事物6worth prep.值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用7local adj.本地的；当地的8apart adv.分离地；分别地9prove vt.证明；证实linkv.证明是；结果是10sink vi.下沉；沉下11debate n& vi.争论；辩论12valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的value n& vt.价值；重视valueless (反义词)adj.无价值的；不值钱的，没有用的13survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还survival n幸存；残存survivor n幸存者14amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶amazing adj.令人吃惊的amazed adj.吃惊的amazement n惊奇15select vt.挑选；选择selective adj.选择的；选择性的selection n选择；挑选16designn.设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思designer n设计师17decorate v装饰；装修decoration n装饰；装饰品18belong vi.属于；为的一员belongings n所有物；财产19reception n接待；招待会；接收receptionist n接待员；招待员20doubt n怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信doubtful adj.可疑的doubtless adj.无疑的；确定的adv.无疑地；确定地21evidence n证据；根据evident adj.明显的；明白的22explode vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸23informal adj.非正式的formal (反义词)adj.正式的重点短语1in_search_of 寻找2belong_to 属于3in_return 作为报答；回报in_turn 轮流；依次4at_war 处于交战状态 5less_than 少于 6take_apart 拆开7think_highly_of 看重；器重8look_into 调查 9serve_as 充当；起作用 10rather_than 而不是；与其倒不如重点句型1could never have imagined不可能想到frederick william ， the king of prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the russian people would have such an amazing history.(教材p1)2have sth done请人做某事/某事被做later, catherine had the amber room moved to a palace outside st petersburg where she spent her summers.(教材p2)3thisbea time when正值时期this was a time when the two countries were at war.(教材p2)4there is no doubt that毫无疑问there is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for knigsberg, which was at that time a german city on the baltic sea.(教材p2)5“及物动词疑问词不定式”结构in a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.(教材p5)语法要点1限制性定语从句in 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.(教材p2)2非限制性定语从句this gift was the amber room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.(教材p1)1survivevt.比活得长；(经过)活(保存)下来；幸存；挺过vi.幸存；保存下来；挺过is it enough to have survived for a long time? (教材p1)只是存在的时间长就足够了吗？(1)survive(2)my grandma survived my grandpa by ten years.我祖母比我祖父多活了十年。several buildings in the town survived (survive) from medieval times.镇上有几座建筑物从中世纪留存至今。having_survived (survive) that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right. 从那天晚上幸存下来以后，我们都相信接下来的事情都会一切顺利。how do you survive on such a low salary?你是如何靠这么低的工资维持生计的？if he couldnt find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival/surviving (survive)如果他找不到走出森林的路，他生存的可能性很小。2designn图样；设计；计划；目的vt.设计；绘制；计划the design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(教材p1)琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的别致的建筑式样。(1)by design有意地；故意地(2)(3)designer n设计者；设计师he became a photographer more by accident than by design.他成为摄影师与其说是有意为之，不如说是纯属偶然。this course is specially designed for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice.这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。【提示】 表示“故意”与“偶然”的词语小结。(1)故意地：by design；on purpose；deliberately(2)偶然地：by chance；by accident；accidentally3fancy n幻想；想象力；爱好adj.想象的；奇特的；昂贵的；精选的vt.想象；喜爱；设想；自负vi.幻想；想象have a fancy that感到/猜想have a fancy for喜欢，想要take a fancy to sb/sth爱上/喜欢某人/事(物)catch/take the fancy of引起的喜欢fancy oneself (as sth)自以为是(某种人才)i have a fancy that we shall not see him again.我感觉我们将不会再见到他了。i have a fancy for some wine with my dinner. 我喜欢在吃饭时喝一点儿酒。the new musical comedy took the fancy of the public. 那部新音乐喜剧受到大众的青睐。he fancies himself as a good swimmer. 他自以为是个游泳好手。【提示】 fancy 表示“想象”时，其后跟v.ing形式，不跟to do; 用作形容词时，意为“花哨的；别致的”。fancy spending a few days in here! 在这儿待几天多好！“it is easy to spot pretty girls because they have big earrings, fancy dresses and all the jewelry，” he writes in chapter three. “美女不难辨认，因为她们戴着大耳环，穿着花哨并且浑身珠宝。” 他在第三章中写道。4provevt.证明；证实linkv.证明是；结果是for example, it can be proved that china has more people than any other country in the world.(教材p5)例如，据证实中国比世界上任何国家的人口都多。(1)prove (vt.)(2)prove (linkv.)(to be)n./adj.证明是just give me a chance and ill prove it to you.给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。【注意】表示“向某人证明某事”时应该用prove sth to sb，而不能用prove sb sth。as time went on, einsteins theory proved (to be) correct.随着时间的推移，爱因斯坦的理论被证实是正确的。1in search of寻找in search of the amber room (教材p1)寻找琥珀屋(1)in ones search forin search of寻找；搜寻(2)searchshe moved to london in search of fame and fortune.她为了追逐名利，搬迁到了伦敦。investigators continue to search for the cause of the outburst.调查人员继续寻找爆炸的原因。we searched every room for the missing papers.为了找到丢失的文件，我们搜查了每一个房间。2belong to(财产)属于所有；归属；为的一员however, the next king of prussia, frederick william ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.(教材p12)然而，下一位普鲁士国王、这个琥珀屋的主人腓特烈威廉一世却决定不要它了。while the two are only days apart in age, they seem to belong to wholly different generations.尽管这两人年龄上只相差几天，他们却好像是属于完全不同时代的人。a tiger is a large fierce animal belonging (belong) to the cat family.老虎是一种大而凶猛的动物，属于猫科。(1)belong to表示“属于”，不用于进行时态和被动语态。(2)belongings n财产；所有物3in return作为报答；回报；作为交换(常和介词for连用)in return, the czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.(教材p2)作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。he gives me life and in return, he asks me for nothing.他赋予我生命，但不要任何回报。the terrorists agreed to hand over the hostages in return for safe passage out of the country.那些恐怖分子同意交出人质以换取安全出国。in turn轮流；依次；逐个；转而；反过来by turns轮流；时而时而they looked after their mother in turn.他们轮流照看他们的母亲。theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。leaving home for the first time he felt cheerful and sad by turns.第一次离开家，他时而高兴时而悲伤。4think highly of看重；器重i think highly of those who are searching for the amber room.(教材p7)我很欣赏寻找琥珀屋的人们。thinkas a young leader, he is highly thought of.作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。i didnt think much of your plan.我认为你的计划不怎么样。you must not think ill of her because she did not love you.你不该因为她不爱你就认为她这个人不好。have sth done请人做某事/某事被做later, catherine had the amber room moved to a palace outside st petersburg where she spent her summers.(教材p2)后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。【句式点拨】本句结构“have宾语宾语补足语”，意为“请人做某事或者某事被做”，说明sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。有时have sth done还表示遭遇到某事的意思。此时，主语是无意中的受害者，而不是动作的执行者。have sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”，此结构中的have 是使役动词，sb作宾语，其后的do sth是省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语；have sb/sth doing sth意为“让某人/某物一直做某事”，宾语sb/sth后用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行；have sth to do 意为“有事要做”。anthoney had his wallet stolen (steal) when he walked on the street.当安东尼在街上走时钱包被偷了。the teacher had him clean (clean) the classroom before leaving school.老师让他在离校前打扫教室。its not a good way to have the student standing (stand) out of the classroom after he/she makes a mistake.学生犯错后让他/她一直站在教室外面不是一个好方法。i was told that the manager had a very important meeting to_attend (attend)我获悉经理有一个非常重要的会议要参加。.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)1we invite you to join us on an amazing (amaze) journey of language learning.2he is the first student in our class to_be_selected (select) to take part in the english competition.3jane and her husband do not dare to go out together for fear they might return to find their few belongings (belong) stolen. 4some drivers like to draw some special patterns as decorations (decorate) on their cars.5there are many places in wuhan worthvisiting (visit), but if you only have little time, you absolutely cannot miss visiting the yellow crane tower.6the plane crashed four days ago, but theyre still holding out hope of finding more survivors (survive)7the 25yearold man said that after his sailboat sank/(had)_sunk (sink) during a heavy storm, he found himself on a tiny desert island.8when she was in trouble, i did what i could to help her. in return for my help, she wrote me a letter of thanks.9there is convincing evidence (evident) that skin cancer is linked to exposure to the sun.10the famous professor who is thought highly of is determined to go where he is needed most. .单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)1it is surprising that the man suffering from cancer survived his wife 3 years.2the sign says that only children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities for them. 3. has been proved / that learners learn better if they are able to take charge of their own learning.4there is no doubt we will not enjoy the sweetness of success without going through the ups and downs in life. 5in order to search the lost boy, the family and their relatives searched most part of the town. 6. with modern paintings, this hall looks extremely magnificent and more beautiful than ever before. 7darling, good news for you! i have got a promotion today, so i have fancy for some wine tonight. 8oh, for heavens sake. mother, the bad tooth i had it removed yesterday is still there, making me terribly uncomfortable. 9the old lady has a strong wish that she could do something in the return for the kindness she received from me the other day. 10he wrote a small initial to indicate the book was belonged to him. .课文语法填空the amber room was a treasure 1decorated (decorate) with gold and jewels. the first king of prussia, frederick ， ordered it 2to_be_designed (design) for his palace and it took the countrys best artists about ten years to make. the design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. later, the amber room belonged 3to the next king of prussia, frederick william . however, in order to form an alliance(联盟) with russia, he gave it to peter the great, the russian czar as a gift in 1716. 4in return, the czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. so the amber room became part of the czars winter palace in st petersburg. when peter the great died of illness, catherine had the amber room 5moved (move) to a palace outside st petersburg 6where she spent her summers and had more details added to it. in 1770, the room 7was_completed (complete) the way she wanted and became one of the great wonders in the world. sadly, in september 1941, when the nazi germany and russia were 8at war, the amber room was 9missing (miss). after that, what happened to the amber room remained a mystery. recently, the russians and germans 10have_rebuilt (build) a new amber room much like the old one.阅读理解a(2018成都高三“零诊”) “hungary？” i looked at my school headmaster in confusion. “i never mentioned wanting to go to hungary.” and with that, my adventure started.my name is jonathan diamond and i just finished an amazing school exchange year in hungary.going on an exchange had always been my dream. when my high school offered an allyear program, i jumped at the opportunity. it would pay for almost everything and all i had to do was to get a plane ticket. i knew where i wanted to go: spain, the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses. so when i heard that i was going to hungary, i was pretty shocked. but i decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a onceinalifetime opportunity. before i knew it, i was on the airplane, leaving for budapest international airport, hungary.i had times when i almost gave up. hungarian is the hardest language on the planet. cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peer teens and me. i had to give up eating carrots, my beautiful favorite, for they think carrots are rubbish in their country. the change in the landscape was amazing, looking nothing like skyscrapers, bullet trains, cars, and people in tiny houses that i had been accustomed to. gradually, i fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle, the warmhearted people, and getting home at 2：30 pm at the latest from school. and i was sad to leave on my very last day.having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing ive ever experienced. from my little sisters, i learned how to embrace life to its fullest. from my brothers i learned that its ok for a boy to run around the house. from my host parents i learned to stay positive, to smile, and that when you pick the right persons and take their hands, suddenly, you become friends.语篇导读本文为记叙文，讲述的是“我”在匈牙利做交换生的经历。刚开始，文化差异让“我”无所适从，但是渐渐地“我”喜欢上了这里，并且从“我”的寄宿家庭成员身上学到了积极的生活态度。1how did jonathan feel when he was told to go to hungary?aexcited and satisfied. bconfused and shocked.camazed and embarrassed. ddelighted and interested.解析 b细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段第五句中的i was pretty shocked可知，因为“我”并没有提到自己想去匈牙利，所以当被告知去匈牙利做交换生时，“我”非常困惑不解并且感到很震惊，故选b项。2why did jonathan still decide to go to hungary instead of spain?ahe didnt like spain. bhe wanted to learn hungarian.cit was a rare chance. dgoing to hungary was much cheaper.解析 c细节理解题。根据第三段中的after all, a onceinalifetime opportunity可知，这次机会很难得，故选c项。3what can we learn about jonathan during his stay in hungary?ahe fell in love with eating carrots. bhe couldnt wait to leave.che was surprised by the landscape. dhe quickly got used to the life there.解析 c细节理解题。根据第四段第五句可知，在匈牙利“我”所看到的景色与自己之前所在地方的大不相同，这种前后发生的变化是惊人的，原句中的amazing与surprised意思相同，故选c项。4according to jonathan, the host family _.achanged him completely btaught him how to dance wellctreated him as equally as a student dshowed him the good things of life解析 d细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，“我”从寄宿家庭里的姐妹身上学到要尽情拥抱生活，从父母身上学到要保持积极的心态，经常微笑，与合适的人交朋友等，这些都教会“我”去发现生活中美好的一面，故选d项。bits difficult to think of a betterknown work of art than leonardo da vincis mona lisa. michelangelos the creation of adam on the ceiling of the sistine chapel comes close, but thats a detail of a huge work, not a work of art on its own. images by many 20thcentury artists like spains pablo picasso and the us andy warhol are also instantly recognizable. however, no other painting is nearly as famous as the portrait in oils of a fashionable young lady of florence, italy.this painting isnt just famous because the image is now able to be reproduced over and over again. its fame has at least something to do with the fact that its a fine piece of work. da vinci was a leader in the revolution in painting in the renaissance period. the renaissance was more centered around humans than previous european culture was, and the mona lisa is a fine example of renaissance humanism. the work is about a person. the woman da vinci painted does not represent a religious idea, but is an individual whom one feels that one could talk to and know.and the question of who the woman is has always interested the public. the earliest answer, from 1517, is that she was just a “certain florentine lady”， but in 1550, famous historian and painter giorgio vasari said she was mona lisa, the wife of silk merchant francesco del giocondo. over the centuries, a number of other women have been put forth as the model, including a suggestion that da vinci used himself, looking in a mirror, as well as the idea that she was painted from da vincis imagination. the work invites the viewer/reader to discover for himself or herself, perhaps invent, what it means.leonardo kept it himself, and took it with him to milan, rome, and france, and used it as a “calling card”， said larry feinberg from the art institute of chicagosort of an advertisement：“hey, look what i painted! i can paint for you, too！”语篇导读本文为说明文，讲述了为什么世界名画蒙娜丽莎具有经久不衰的魅力。5why does the author refer to three other artists?ato show the mona lisa is very famous.bto compare da vinci with other painters.cto introduce different great painters.dto prove no other painter is equal to da vinci.解析 a推理判断题。根据第一段第一句its difficult to think of a betterknown work of art than以及第一段最后一句however, no other painting is nearly as famous as the portrait可知，本文提到其他艺术家旨在表明蒙娜丽莎这幅画知名度很高，故选a项。6what is stressed by mentioning the renaissance?apainting skills of the mona lisa.bdifferent attitudes to the mona lisa.cthe economic value of the mona lisa.dthe traditionbreaking idea of the mona lisa.解析 d推理判断题。根据第二段中的da vinci was a leader in the revolution in painting in the renaissance periodbut is an individual whom one feels that one could talk to and know可知，这部分重点讲述了蒙娜丽莎这幅画创作的历史背景及其对当时传统观念的颠覆，即从宣扬宗教到注重人文主义，故选d项。7what helped the mona lisas popularity according to paragraph 3?aits being painted from imagination.bits being open to interpretation.cda vincis using himself as the model.dmany womens claiming to be the model.解析 b推理判断题。根据第三段中的and the question of who the woman is has always interested the public和the work invites the viewer/reader to discover for himself or herself, perhaps invent, what it means可知，大众对蒙娜丽莎的原型是谁有浓厚的兴趣并一直对此有不同的猜测，故正是这幅画带给人们的开放式理解也使得它受欢迎，故选b项。8what does feinberg say about da vinci?ahe was eager to paint for people.bhe fell in love with the mona lisa.che made a fortune through the mona lisa.dhe used the mona lisa to earn a reputation.解析 d细节理解题。根据最后一段尤其是leonardo kept it himself, and took it with him to milan, rome, and france, and used it as a “calling card”， said larry feinberg可知，达芬奇带着蒙娜丽莎到米兰、罗马和法国，并把它作为“名片”，故可知这幅画为达芬奇带来了很高的声望，故选d项。.语法填空qiang shuping was so busy making cloth shoes 1_that_ she didnt even rest during the dragon boat festival holiday. the woman from baipu county, jiangsu province, 2has been making (make) shoes since she was 19 years old, and this year marks her 31st year making cloth shoes.she spends the entire day in her tiny studio, which 3measures (measure) less than 10 square meters altogether, filled with cloth shoes in 4various (variety) stages of completion.nowadays, many stores make cloth shoes 5using (use) machines, but qiang sticks to the technique of making shoes entirely 6by hand. she says the shoes 7produced (produce) by machine are not of the same quality as hand