地图信息系统论文：基于.NET平台的WebGIS框架设计与实现.doc

地图信息系统论文：基于.NET平台的WebGIS框架设计与实现【中文摘要】WebGIS是Internet/Intranet网络环境下的一种用于存储、分析、处理、渲染与应用地理数据信息的计算机地理信息系统,其基本思想是在互联网中提供地理信息的发布与共享,使客户端用户通过浏览器就可以很简单方便地获取各种各样的地理数据信息和GIS功能服务,从而实现基于Web的GIS信息的查询和业务处理等等需求。本课题的研究目标主要是为了增强WebGIS终端用户体验,使地理空间信息发布、数据共享和互操作更为简便高效,同时也为客户端和服务端的通信提供更好的交互性。基于上述目标,本课题采用GIS技术和计算机技术,并与.NET平台服务器端组件技术和客户端Ajax技术相结合,自主设计并开发一套基于.NET平台的可重用的组件化的WebGIS框架,用于把地理空间数据以高清晰可视化的效果渲染并分析,使基于Web的GIS应用程序的开发更加简便快捷,并为开发者提供更好的开发模式,从而能为最终用户提供更友好更流畅的用户体验。WebGIS框架主要由三个部分组成：组件化的WebGIS客户端框架、基于.NET的地图绘制引擎以及WebGIS服务器端框架。本文由浅入深的先介绍WebGIS的基本概念、特点、应用以及WebGIS的基本原理,并且归纳总结了WebGIS框架所应该具有的功能需求和数据需求,之后详细论述了框架的基础架构、客户端-服务器端通信模型,对Tiling技术(瓦片地图)、WMS(网络地图服务)以及地图绘制引擎技术的原理、具体实现和实际应用都一一做了详细介绍。另外,为了进一步地加快地图的响应时间,实现了基于Tile Map的瓦片地图预生成技术,详细介绍了它所包含的瓦片金字塔模型、缓存目录层级结构及其实现与实际应用。最后,论文介绍了由该WebGIS框架所实现的一个基于.NET平台的轻量级的车辆追踪系统,包括它的项目背景、功能结构设计以及本文所实现的组件式的WebGIS客户端和服务器端框架在该项目中的应用,以及如何对它进行扩展。【英文摘要】WebGIS is a computer geographic information system which is used to store, analyze, process, render and make better use of geographic data information in the internet/intranet network environment, and the basic idea of it is to provide the functionality of publishing and sharing the geographic information in the internet, so the clients could get geographic data and kinds of GIS services with ease, and then implement the requirements of GIS information inquiring and business processing based on Web.The aim of this thesis is to enhance the user experience of terminal users, and make it more simple and effective for publishing of geographic information, data sharing and interoperability, and meanwhile it could provide better interactivity for the communication between the client-side and server-side. Based on these goals, it apply GIS and computer technology, combining with server-side component and Ajax technologies of client-side, designing and developing a set of WebGIS framework based on.NET platform and its reusable and based on component model. The goal of this framework is to render and analyse geospatial data in the form of high-definition and visual effect, making the development of GIS application based on Web more simple and rapidly, and providing better development pattern for developers, and so supplying more friendly and smooth user experience for end users.WebGIS framework is comprised of three parts:componentization client-side WebGIS framework, map rendering engine based on.NET platform, server-side WebGIS framework. This thesis introduces all things related with the WebGIS framework from the elementary to profound. First off, it tells us the basic concept, features and basic principle of WebGIS, and also sum up the requirements of functionality and data source for this framework, and then give us a detailed description about the infrastructure of this framework, communication model between client and server side; it also elaborate the theory, detailed implementation and its application for the Tiling technology, Web Map Service and map rendering engine. In addition, in orde to speed up the reponse time of map rendering, it puts forward the idea of pre-generating tile map, and the tile-pyramid model, directory hierarchy structure and its implemention or practical application related with it are also presented.Finally, this thesis introduces the ligh-weight Fleet Tracker system which is implemented by this WebGIS framework based on.NET platform, including its project background information, structure design of functionality and the application of the client and server side WebGIS framework.【关键词】地图信息系统 .NET 瓦片地图 预生成技术 车辆追踪系统【英文关键词】Geographic Information System .NET Tile Map Pre-generating technology Fleet Tracker System【目录】基于.NET平台的WebGIS框架设计与实现摘要6-7Abstract7第一章 绪论10-131.1 课题研究背景与意义10-111.1.1 课题背景101.1.2 课题研究意义10-111.2 国内外研究现状111.3 论文主要内容111.4 论文组织结构11-13第二章 WebGIS与.NET平台及其相关实现技术13-232.1 WebGIS的概念与特点13-162.1.1 WebGIS概念132.1.2 WebGIS优势13-142.1.3 WebGIS应用142.1.4 GIS分类14-162.2 WebGIS基本原理16-172.3 Microsoft.NET平台及开发语言17-192.3.1 Microsoft.NET平台17-192.3.2 .NET语言192.4 WebGIS中的客户端技术19-232.4.1 客户端JavaScript19-202.4.2 OpenLayers202.4.3 Ajax技术20-23第三章 WebGIS框架的需求分析23-293.1 系统要求23-263.1.1 功能要求23-263.1.2 用户体验263.2 软件系统的可维护性与可复用性26-273.2.1 可维护性目标26-273.2.2 可复用性目标273.3 性能要求27-283.4 数据要求28-29第四章 WebGIS框架的设计与实现29-724.1 WebGIS框架架构29-304.1.1 WebGIS框架体系结构294.1.2 客户端-服务器端模型29-304.2 瓦片地图技术30-354.2.1 Tile30-314.2.2 Tiling实现31-324.2.3 Tile Matrix Set32-344.2.4 基于.NET平台的Tile Matrix Set实现34-354.3 瓦片地图的预生成思想35-394.3.1 地图的预生成364.3.2 瓦片金字塔模型36-384.3.3 瓦片地图的缓存目录层级384.3.4 瓦片地图的预生成技术38-394.4 Web Map Service39-464.4.1 Open Geospatial Consortium39-404.4.2 OGC WMS40-424.4.3 WMS实现42-464.5 WebGIS框架46-724.5.1 组件化的WebGIS客户端框架46-534.5.2 组件化的WebGIS服务器端框架53-634.5.3 客户端-服务器端通信63-654.5.4 关键技术实现65-72第五章 组件化