超级实用的大一精读重点.doc

Unit 7, Book 1 by Wu LeqiUnit 7Text I The Fun They Had I. Words and ExpressionsL1. head / hed / v. (1) to be at the top of; to provide a heading for 位于上面，给加标题 *be headed if a page is headed with a particular name, title, image etc, it has it on the top The memorandum was headed “Confidential.” The page was headed “Expenses”. The chapter was headed “My Early Life”. (2) to lead; to be at the front of; to be in charge of 带领，居之首； 主管，领导 The presidents car headed the procession. The sales director heads a team of 20 representatives. The Commission of Inquiry headed by the president of the Board of Trustees is investigating the case. (3) to move in a certain direction 朝着行进 Where are you guys heading/headed? We headed south towards the capital. The ship was heading for Cuba.L6. crinkly / 5krINklI / a. having many thin folds; (of hair) curly 起皱的，多皱纹的；（头发）卷曲的 The paper was brown and crinkly at the edges. The leaves turned brown and crinkly. My shirts were all crinkly when I got them out of the suitcase. She looked fondly at his crinkly face. He had blue eyes and crinkly fair hair.L6. awfully / 5C:fElI / ad. very Its awfully cold in here. Is the heater on? It awfully noisy. Can we close the door? Once I was outside, I suddenly felt awfully tired.L7. still / stIl / a. not moving; staying in the same position 静止的，不动的 Keep still while I tie your shoe. We stood still and watched as the deer came closer. Percy was so thrilled he could hardly sit still.L10. gee / dVi: / interj. infml. esp. AmE an expression of surprised; used to show that you are surprised or annoyed （表示惊讶或烦扰）哎呀！哇！ Aw, gee, Mom, do we have to go? Gee, I like your new hat!L10. be through (with sb./sth.)(1) to have finished doing sth. or using sth. 做完，用完，看完 When will you be through with your work? Im just about half-way through. The novel is a delight. I am only about two thirds through. Im not through just yet I should be finished in an hour. I need to use the computer when youre through.(2) to no longer have a relationship with sb. 与某人关系结束，不再来往 Thats it! Simon and I are through. Im through with you! Do what you like. We are through.L11, 12. throw sth. away(1) to get rid of sth. that you do not want or need 扔掉，抛弃 You should throw away all those old clothes you never wear. I shouldnt have thrown away the receipt.(2) to lose by foolishness; to waste 浪费掉，错过 This could be the best chance youll ever have. Dont throw it away!L12. be good for to be useful or suitable for 对有用，适合于 Publicity is no good for my business, especially when its bad publicity. Fresh fruit and vegetables are good for you. Watching too much TV isnt good for you. L17. attic / 5AtIk / n. a space or room under the roof of a house often used for storing things （屋顶下的）阁楼，顶楼 An unvented attic can be 10 to 20 degrees warmer than outside in winter. All these hazards, winter and summer, are the reasons an attic should be well ventilated. The single studio was extremely primitive, consisting of an attic room with two microphones, one turntable and a mixer.L20. scornful / 5skC:nfEl / a. showing great disrespect for sb. or sth. 鄙视的，轻蔑的 He was scornful of the womens movement. How can you put up with his scornful remark? Her scornful smile hurt him. *scorn / skC:n / v. to show that you think that sth. is stupid, unreasonable, or not worth accepting 鄙视；n. the feeling that sb. or sth. is stupid or does not deserve respect 轻蔑，蔑视 Many women scorn the use of make-up. She scorned all our offers of help. He scorned to hide away like a coward. He felt scorn for his working-class parents. Rachel looked at me with scorn.L22. mechanical / mI5kAnIkEl / a. (1) worked by machines（有关）机械的，由机械制成的 The plane had to make an emergency landing because of mechanical problems. The flight has been canceled due to mechanical failure. Whats this mechanical device used for? That factory manufactures a variety of mechanical products. Being a mechanical genius, that man is at home in mechanical applications. (2) (done) without thought or feeling; (done) from habit rather than will 机械似的，呆板的，习惯性的 He was asked the same question so many times that the answer became mechanical. He greeted me in a mechanical way by using mechanical compliments.L24. sorrowfully / 5sCrEJfElI / ad. very sadly 悲伤地 “A lot of damage has already been done,” he said sorrowfully. She is weeping sorrowfully. The woman cried sorrowfully for her misfortune. The girl said sorrowfully that she had been deceived.L24-25. send for to ask or order sb. to come by sending them a message 要求或指示将送到，使来到 Get back into bed. Ill send for the doctor. I sent for someone to repair the TV. Send for your free sample today! Ive sent for help. The women refused to cooperate with store detectives, and we had to send for the police.L26. dial / daIl / (1) n. the round part of a clock, watch, machine etc that has numbers that show you the time or a measurement （钟表等的）针盘，钟面，表面，（仪表等的）刻度盘 I bought an alarm clock with a luminous dial, which can be seen clearly in the dark. Sundial was a device used in former times to show the time by means of a pointer whose shadow moves as the sun moves across the sky. She looked at the dial to check her speed.(2) v. to make a telephone call (to) by using a dial or similar apparatus 拨电话（号码），拨打（电话） Put in the money before dialing. How do I dial London? Dial the operator first if you want to call long distance in the hotel room. The area code is only used when dialing from one region to another. When you make a telephone call to the U.S. through IDD in China, you should dial 001 plus the area code plus the local number. Before you can explore a website your computer you have to dial up to the network. In case of emergency, dial 110/911/999. This is an extension line. You have to dial 1 first, and when you hear the dial/dialing tone, you can dial a local number.L27. take sth. apart to separate sth. into all its different parts 拆开某物 Tom was always taking things apart in the garage. The police took his house apart looking for possible clues after she vanished from a leisure centre car park. You build these wee engines and take them apart. Take the watch apart and see if you can see whats wrong with it.L29. or so about; or more 大约，左右（表示含糊的或不确定的量） We have to leave in five minutes or so. I stopped reading after thirty or so pages. There were twenty or so. We stayed for an hour or so.L31. slot / slCt / n. (1) a long narrow hole in a surface, that you can put sth. into（可投入东西的）狭孔，狭槽 I dropped a coin in the slot and dialed the number. The disk goes into this slot here. The message was placed in every employees mail slot. (2) an assigned place and time in a sequence or schedule 为某人或某事安排的位置或时间 Weve found a slot for a talk on the economy. A new comedy is scheduled for the 9 p.m. time slot. Hes been given a regular ten-minute slot on the radio.L32. punch / pQntF / (1) v. to make a hole in sth., using a metal tool or other sharp object 打孔，剪洞 The guard punched my ticket and I got on. These bullets can punch a hole through 20 mm steel plate. The ticket-collector punched my ticket / punched a hole in m ticket.(2) v. to hit (sb. or sth.) hard with the fist 用拳头猛击 The robber punched her and knocked her teeth out. He punched the man in the chest / on the nose. (3) n. a metal tool for cutting holes 打孔器，票剪 The conductor has a ticket punch in her hand. (4) n. a quick strong blow made with the fist 用拳打，殴打 The two men started throwing punches (=trying to hit each other). I managed to land a punch on his chin. He gave that man a punch on the nose.L33. code / kEJd / n. (1) a system of words, letter, numbers, etc., used instead of ordinary writing, esp. to keep messages secret 密码，编码，代码 *a punch code a computer system of words, letters, numbers, etc. 计算机代码 *break/crack a code (=manage to understand a code) 破解密码 All reports must be sent in code. They didnt realize that wed broken their secret code. Weve broken/cracked their code! (=learn how to read it) I dont understand this message written in code. (2) set of moral principles accepted by society or a group of people 道德准则 *code of conduct/behaviour 行为准则 *code of ethics / moral code 道德准则 *code of practice 行业规则 As we shall see later, legislative backed codes of conduct have been adopted to deal with the problem. It ran contrary both to his upbringing and personal code of behaviour that men should show emotion.L34. calculate / 5kAlkjJleIt / v. to find sth. out by using mathematics or numbers 计算，推算，估算 These instruments calculate distances precisely. Im trying to calculate how much money we need. They use a computer to calculate the cost of wages as a percentage of the companys income. The experts calculate that the market for these computers will expand by 50% in the next three year. The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon. L34. in no time very quickly or soon, esp. in a way that is surprising 极快，立刻，马上 Well be there in no time. Well have leak fixed in no time.L35-36. take sth./sb. away to remove sb. or sth., or to make sth. disappear 移开，使消失 She whisked the tray off the table and took it away. He was taken away to begin a prison sentence. This should take some of the pain away. Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child. Anxiety has taken away his appetite.L38. superior / sju:5pIErIE / a. (1) derog (as if) thinking oneself better than others 贬义 有优越感的，高傲的，傲慢的 He smiled a superior smile as he drove past in his expensive new car. She had that superior tone of voice.(2) better, more powerful, more effective etc. than others 更好的 *superior to better than Fletchers superior technique brought him victory. Your computer is far superior to mine. He loves making fun of women. It makes him feel superior. She always acts so superior to everyone else. The enemy forces were superior in numbers. (3) of higher rank or class 上级的，级别或地位更高的 Ill report you to your superior officer! Dont you usually salute a superior officer ? She works well with those superior to her in the firm. *superiority / sju:7pIErI5CrEti; su:7pIErI5BrEti / n. state of being superior 优越，优胜；an attitude that shows you think you are better than other people 傲慢，优越感 The organization has a technical superiority over its rivals. Janet always spoke with an air of superiority.L40. loftily / 5lCftIlI / ad. haughtily; in a manner that shows one is better than other people 高傲地，傲慢地 That man behaves loftily and turns down any request for help. When I asked for help, he just smiled loftily and turned away.*lofty / 5lCftI / a. (1) showing that one thinks one is better than other people 高傲的，傲慢的 She has such a lofty manner. She said that in a lofty manner / with a lofty smile. (2) (of ideas, feelings, aims, etc.) of unusually high moral quality （理想、情感、目标等）高尚的，崇高的 He had set himself the lofty goal of reaching the worlds top five. She has lofty ideals of equality and social justice. He set himself lofty goals.L48. smart / smB:t / a. (1) esp. AmE clever, bright; good or quick in thinking聪明伶俐的，思想敏捷的 If hes as smart as he says, why did the cops catch him? The smart kids get good grades and go off to college. Kelly wasnt sure if she was smart enough to go to law school.(2) esp. BrE neat and stylish in appearance 整洁漂亮的，时髦的，洒脱的 You look very smart in that new shirt. Dressed in a smart, grey suit and black tie, he looked very happy.(3) being or used by very fashionable people 时髦人士（用）的，讲究时髦的 They were very smart women in suits and soft draped dresses. He had used the money to hire smart clothes for his wedding.L50. dispute / dIs5pju:t / (1) v. to question or doubt the truth of sth.; argue (about sth.), esp. angrily and for a long period （尤指生气地长时间地）争论，辩论，争执 The two governments disputed (over) the ownership of the territory. The question was hotly disputed in the Senate. The researchers dispute among themselves over the value of experiments where animals need to be used.(2) v. to disagree about or question the truth or correctness of 反对，辩驳，对表示怀疑 The main facts of the book have never been disputed. Few would dispute that travel broadens the mind. He disputed the ministers figures the true cost of the project is much higher. (3) n. (an) argument or quarrel, esp. an official one between one group or organization and another 辩论，争端，纠纷 There has been much dispute over the question of legalized abortion. The miners were in dispute with their employers over pay. This question is still in/under dispute. (=being argued about) They claim to provide the best service in the business, but I think thats open to dispute. (=can be questioned) She is beyond all dispute/without dispute (=undoubtedly) the best chemist in the firm.L57. adjust /E5dVQst/ v. (1) to alter (sth.) slightly so that it will fit or be right for use 校正，调准，调整 *adjust sth. to The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child. You cant see through a telescope unless it is adjusted correctly to your sight. You can adjust the color on the TV by turning this knob. Check and adjust the brakes regularly.(2) to change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular purpose or situation; to gradually become familiar with a new situation （使）适应 *adjust (oneself) to Have you adjusted (yourself) to the heat of Guangzhou? The body quickly adjusts (itself) to the changes in temperature. The former president still has difficulty in adjusting to civilian life. Theyll soon settle in kids are very good at adjusting. It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness. My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.L57. fit / fIt / v. to be suitable (for)（使）符合，（使）适合 Her experience and abilities fit her admirably for the job / to do the job. Scientists often select facts to fit their theories. The punishment should fit the crime. I couldnt find a key which fitted the lock. I wanted to put the wardrobe behind the door, but I dont think itll fit. L65. nonchalant / 5nCnFElEnt / a. behaving calmly and not seeming interested in anything or worried about anything 若无其事的，漠不关心的，冷淡的 “Has he got a girlfriend?” Jill asked, trying to sound nonchalant. Perkins was nonchalant about being chosen. When Peter came in, she glanced up, trying to appear nonchalant. “Im sorry Im so late. Have you been waiting long?” he asked. She gave a nonchalant shrug. *nonchalantly ad. He walked nonchalantly to the door. *nonchalance n. She received the prize with an air of nonchalance. Beneath his apparent nonchalance he is as nervous and excited as the rest of us.L65. whistle / wIsl / v. (1) to make a high or musical sound by blowing air out through ones lips 吹口哨 She whistled to her dog and it came running. The referee whistled and the game began. He whistled a tune as he strolled down the corridor. I heard this song on the radio and Ive been whistling it all day. Adam whistled happily on his way to work. Fans yelled and whistled when the band came on stage. (2) to move quickly, making a whistling sound 呼啸着前进 Bullets were whistling overhead. They listened to the wind whistling through the trees. L66. tuck / tQk / v. (1) to put sth. into a small space, esp. in order to protect, hide, carry or hold it 将某物藏到下面，把收藏到 He tucked the newspaper under his arm and walked on. Tuck that money into the top of your sock for safekeeping. He took the glasses off and tucked them in his pocket.(2) to take the edge or end of (a garment, piece of material, etc.) and put or push it into a desired or convenient position, usu. a narrow space 把的端部或边缘塞进，叠拢或卷起（使之看不见或固定） Jack tucked his shirt in. Tuck your shirt into your trousers. Tuck your trousers into your boots. She tucked an unruly lock of hair behind her ear.L70. regular / 5regjJlE / a. (1) happening, coming, or doing sth. again and again at the same times each day, week, etc. 定期的，习惯性的，常例的 he company holds regular meetings with employees. We meet on a regular basis. They keep regular hour. (=get up and go to bed at the same times each day) His breathing was slow and regular.(2) happening or appearing with the same amount of time or space between each one and the next; not varying 规则的，有规律的 His pulse is not very regular. The regular tick of the clock made me awake. (3) happening or doing sth. very often 经常的 Hes one of the bars regular customers. Im a regular reader of this newspaper.*irregular a. (of shape) having different-sized parts; uneven; not level 参差不一的，不规则的；(of time) at unevenly separated points; not equal （时间）间隔不一致的，没有定规的 Hes receiving medication for an irregular heartbeat. I recognized the doctors messy, irregular handwriting. I dont like working such irregular hours. L72. fraction / 5frAkFEn / n. (1) a division or a part of a whole number in mathematics; a part of a whole number in mathematics, such as or （数学中的）分数，小数*proper fraction n. a fraction such as , in which the number above the line is smaller than the one below it 真分数 and are proper fractions.*improper fraction n. a fraction such as 107/8 in which the top number is larger than the bottom number 假分数 107/8 is an improper fraction.(2) a very small piece or amount 小部分，少量 When the factory closed, the machinery was sold o