江苏省江阴市成化高级中学高中英语 Unit3 The word of colours and lights Grammar and usage教案 牛津译林版选修8.doc

grammar and usageteaching aims: 1) to help them understand what is an inversion2) to help them to learn how to make an inversion and in what cases inversion is used.3) to help them to use what they have leant to complete the related exercisesteaching difficulties and keys:1）when and how to use an inversion.2)how to apply what they have learntteaching procedures:step1: leading-int: show them one pair of sentences and ask them to tell the differences between them, especially the changes in word order.they went to the park last sunday did they go to the park last sunday? (in the above sentences, the first is a statement while the second is question, and in fact, it is an inversion. remind them that they use inversion in most questions. t can let them to show more sentences in inversion and then let them to read the guidelines on the top of page 40. later ask them to tell the exact definition of inversion and explain it in chinese.) step2.grammart: inversion is the changing of the order of the words in the sentence. when we use inversion, we put the predicate or part of it before the subject. this puts emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject. we can use inversion in many cases. 倒装是对句中语序的改变，在使用倒装时将谓语或谓语的一部分置于主语之前（正常语序主语在谓语之前）表示对谓语的强调。t: explain any questions raised by students. after they know what inversion is, let them work in groups to read the points on page 40 one by one. first let them summarize the rules and then t and other students make some modifications.we use version in the following cases:1. usually we put the auxiliary verb before the subject.when the sentence begins with a negative word or a negative phrase such as neither, nor, not, never, at no time, seldom, hardly, (rarely, by no means, in no way, in no time.) when the sentence begins with so and only (when only modifies the subject, we do not invert the subject and the predicate.) 2. we can put the subject after the verb. when the sentence begins with direct speech or part of it. when the subject is too long. when the sentence begins with here, there, in, out, up, down, on, etc (when the subject is a pronoun, we do not use inverted order in this case) 3. in formal unreal conditionals, we sometimes use should, were, and had to begin a sentence. (had here is an auxiliary verb for the past perfect tense)step3: practicet: give the students a few minutes to go through the rules above. t explains any questions raised by them. then let them do some relevant exercises to digest the rules. ask them turn to page 41, and finish a and b. several minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.step4: further extensiont: after exercises, t can ask some students to retell the rules of the inversion. then ask them to pay special attention to the following common structures.虚拟条件句中有were，should，had（过去完成时的助动词）则if可以省略，从句倒装。not only but (also) 连接两个句子，not only 之后的句子倒装，而but (also) 之后的不倒装。 not until 句型，当 not until 置于句首，主语倒装，not until 之后的从句不倒装 结果状语从句 so/such that 当so/such置于句首，主语倒装，that引导的从句不倒装。 hardly when 和 no sooner than 主句倒装when，than引导的从句不倒装，且主句多用过去完成时，从句多用一般过去是。 neither nor 连接连个句子，两句都要倒装。 as引导让步状语从句，要将as引导的从句中的表语或状语置于as之前构成倒装。如表语是an/a/the +n的结构，倒装后不能由冠词an/a/the修饰。（以上是倒装语法的常见考点，需学生理解掌握。）练习1. _can you expect to get a pay rise. a. with hard work b. although work hard c. only with hard work d. now that he works hard 2. _, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a. however late is he b. however he is late c. however is he late d. however late he is 3. not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize 4. not until i began to work _ how much time i had wasted. a. didnt realize b. did i realize c. i didnt realize d. i realized 5.do you know jim quarrel with his brother? i dont k