2019年四级英语阅读理解模拟题.doc

2019年四级阅读理解模拟题Why are Americas kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolationsand a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. Its not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesnt have to ruin your life.21. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about peoples state of mind are _.A) surprising B) confusing C) illogicalD) questionable22. What does the author mean when he says, “we cant turn the clock back” (Line 1, Para. 3)?A) Its impossible to slow down the pace of change.B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D) Its impossible to forget the past.A) were less isolated physicallyB) were probably less self-centeredC) probably suffered less from anxietyD) were considered less individualistic24. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is _.A) to provide them with a safer environmentB) to lower their expectations for themC) to get them more involved sociallyD) to set a good model for them to follow25. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B) Childrens anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C) Childrens anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.参考答案：DBCCAThe process of perceiving others is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt. More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint (强调yperhaps with a two-second glance.(刺激因素) , asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another personquestion, self-disclosures, and so on.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we wont ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well(e. g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e. g. disclosures and truthful statement).21. According to the passage, if we perceive a person, we are likely to be interested inA. what he wears B. how tall he isC. how happy he is D. what color he dyes his hair22. Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because_.A. some people are more emotional than othersC. some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other peoples attitudesD. some people choose to keep to themselves23. We may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him because_.A. we dont accept the idea that we might never fully know another personB. we often get information in a casual and inexact wayC. we pay more attention to other peoples motivations and emotions ? 62 ?D. we often have face-to-face conversation with him24. There are things that we find preventing us from knowing others. These things areA. disclosures B. deceptionsC. stimuli D. interactions25. This passage mainly concerns_.A. the relationship between people B. the perception of other peopleC. secrets and deceptions of people D. peoples attitudes and characters参考答案：21. C 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. BAs the 11 of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 12 to be. A certain amount of stress is 13 to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 14 and ill health.A. cancel B. pace C. extreme D. automaticallyE. remove F. vital G. performance H. supposedI. rate J. exposure K. achievement L. unusualM obviously N withstand O harsh参考答案：11. B 12. H 13. F 14. G 15. N 16. M 17. L 18. C 19. J 20. EIn the early days of nuclear power, the United States make money on it. But today opponents (反对者The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor meltdown. Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U. S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But dont expect them even on U. S. shores unless things change in Washington.21.The authors attitude toward the development of nuclear power is_.A. negative B. neutralC. positive D. questioning22.What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?B. The enormous cost of construction and operation.C. The length of time it takes to make investigations.D. The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.23.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that_.A. there are not enough safety measures in the U. S. for running new nuclear power plantsB. it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the U. S.C. there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U. S.D. the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the U. S.24. Governor Mario Cuomos chief intention in proposing the settlement was to_.A. stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationC. permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions25. The phrase single out is closest in meaning to_.A. delay B. end up参考答案：21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. DThere are two ways by which this pollution problem can be lessened. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes prior to disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents (废料) , to permit the reuse of the water or best reduce pollution upon final disposal.A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient (养料 ) or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste production into marketable byproducts. Other industries have potential economic uses for their waste products.26. The purpose of this passage is_.A. to warn the reader of the dwindling water supplyB. to explain industrial uses of waterC. to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems外语学习网D. to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problemich of the following points is not included in the passage?B. Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.C. Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population.D. Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals.The reader can conclude that_.A. countries of the world will work together on pollution problemsB. byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplaceD. some industries are now making economic use of wastesThe author gives substance to the passage through the use of_.A. interviews with authorities in the field of water controlsB. opinion and personal observationsC. definitions which clarify important termsD. strong argument and persuasionsThe words prior to (Para. 2) probably mean_.A. after B. duringC. before D. beyond参考答案：26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. Crs interest, clearly a _4_child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid _5_ language. Thats why teachers often _6_ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is _7_ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharp_8_ of the pupilstechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which _9_ some beautiful expressions of the childs deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more _10_ to seek improvement.A)priorityB)criticismC)containedD)clearlyE)adventurousF)discourageG)motivationH)terribleI)ignoredJ)difficultK)encourageL)expressedM)confidentlyN)brightO)motive参考答案：1. I2. A3. M4. N5. E6. K7. H8. B9. C10. GAnne Whitney, a sophomore (大学二年级学生) at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldnt think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher. Another student in biology had similar experiences. He said, My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, and I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldnt even write them down!These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.An expert ? at the University of California explains, With almost all students, relaxation and less stress are felt after taking our program. Most of them experience better control during their tests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great. 26. To blank out is probably_.A. to be like a blanket B. to be sure of an answerC. to be unable to think clearly D. to show knowledge to the teacher27. Poor grades are usually the result of_.A. poor sleeping habit B. lazinessC. lack of sleep D. inability to form good study habits28. Test anxiety has been recognized as_.A. an excuse for laziness B. the result of poor study habitsC. a real problem D. something that cannot be changed29. To deal with this problem, students say they want to_.A. take a short course on anxietyB. read about anxietyC. be able to manage or understand their anxietyD. take tests to prove they are not anxious30. A University of California advisor said_.B. almost all students felt less stress after taking a University of California advising courseC. students found it difficult to improve even though they had taken a special test anxiety courseD. students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a University of California advising course参考答案：26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. BLife Is a Test. It Is Only a TestOne of my favorite posters1 says, “ Life is a test. It is only a test. Had this been a real life you would have been instructed where to go and what to do.” Whenever I think of this humorous bit of wisdom2, it reminds me to not take my life so seriously.When you look at life and its many challenges as a test, or series of tests, you begin to see each issue you face as an opportunity to grow, a chance to discover more about life. Whether youre being bombarded(攻击;质问) with problems,responsibilities,even insurmountable(不能克服的，不能超越的) difficulties, when looked at as a test, you always have a chance to succeed, in the sense of rising above that which is challenging you. If, on the other hand, you see each new issue you face as a serious battle that must be won in order to survive, youre probably in for a very rocky6 journey. The only time youre likely to be happy is when everything is working out just right. And we all know how often that happens.As an experiment, see if you can apply this idea to something you are forced to deal with. Perhaps you have much pressure from your parents or you have a demanding7 boss. See if you can redefine the issue you face from being a “ problem” to being a test. Rather than8 struggling with your issue, see if there is something you can learn from it. Ask yourself, “ Why is this an issue in my life? What would it mean and what would be involved to rise above it? Could I possibly look at this issue any differently? Can I see it as a test of some kind?”Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage above.1.According to the passage,what is the authors attitude towards life?A.He takes his life seriously.B.He considers life as test.C.He knows where to go and what to do.B.He thinks life is full of humorous wisdom.2.When you begin to consider life as a test,you will find _.A.you are bombarded with problems and responsibilitiesB.the result of the test is so good that you are delightedC.you have many opportunities to growD.you have to go to school to take tests everyday3.Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the author?C.When you see each problem as a serious battle,you have more chance to survive.D.When everything is working out just right,you can know how often it happens.4.It is implied from the passage that youd better look at life as a test when_.A.you try to get the meaning of the posterB.your parents give you much pressureC.you are carrying out an experimentD.you are in a rocky journey5.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A.My Favorite PosterB.Take Life SeriouslyC.Face Challenge of LifeD.Life Is Only A Test文章精要：议论文.本文作者建议人们将生活看成一个测验，以更好地应对生活中的种种困难和挫折.斟词酌句：demanding adj.过分要求的，苛求的 当大公司的执行总裁真的是一件费力的工作.指点迷津：Had this been a real life you would have been instructed where to go and what to do. 本句用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反.句中省略了连词if.在书面语中条件从句可以不用连词if，只须将谓语中的过去式had移至主语之前即可.2.Whether youre being bombarded with (problems,responsibilities,even insurmountable difficulties), when looked at as a test, you always have a chance to succeed, in the sense of rising above that which is challenging you.本句的主干是you always have a chance to succeed.whether和when分别引导让步和时间状语从句.注意looked在此处是一个省略用法，相当于they are looked.方括号里的从句是that的定语.句中“in the sense of”表示“从某种意义上来说(你总有机会成功)”.试题精析：选B.本题为观点态度推断题.文中第一段第一句说作者“最喜欢的标语上写着：生活是个测验”，这句话暗示了作者的生活态度.2.选C.本题为主要细节正误题.第二段第一句说“you begin to see each issue you face as an opportunity to grow”，选项C与其意思一致.3.选A.本题为文章细节正误题.第二段第二句“in the sense of rising above that which is challenging you”中的“rise above”与A选项中的“e”相呼应.4.选D.本题为主要细节正误题.A选项与题干无关;C选项过于牵强；D选项在文中并无相应论述；从第三段第二句“Perhaps you have much pressure from your parents”可知，B选项正确.5.选D.本题为主旨归纳题.A选项只在文章开头出现，后面就未再提及；B选项与原文意思相反；C选项和D选项相比，后者更加切题.Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts _1_ questions, and so on.For most of the time this “conversation”There is another conversation which from our point of view is _7_ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as _8_ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the _9_ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well _10_. Not so our ability to hold a content conversat