陕西省高三英语寒假作业8.doc

2014届高三英语寒假作业（八） 2014.1第一部分：英语知识运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)从每小题的a、b、c、d四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1. realize a theatre b weather c break d breath2. postage a. challenge b. photograph c. greedy d. goods3. admired ablockedbbalanced c. poured d.existed4. schoola. woodb. stoodc. foodd. blood5. officiala. concertb. musician c. successd. physical第二节情景对话(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两个为多余选项。m: id like a haircut, please.w: would you care for a shave and a shampoo as well?m: no, thanks. a haircut will be just fine.w: all right. 6 m: dont cut it too short on the sides and the back. just a little.w: 7 m: you can thin the top out a little, but just a little.w: no problem.m: my hair is kind of oily, and dandruff（头皮屑）bothers me very much. 8 w: 9 its supposed to be good for the dandruff.m: no. ive heard of it, but i havent had a try.w: and you can try vidal sassoon. its used after you wash your hair. 10 m: thats a good idea. thank you.w: its done. that will be five dollars and thirty cents.a. have you tried head and shoulders?b. you will know more about it once you use it.c. it will keep your hair oil-free.d. what hairstyle do you like?e. can you recommend me something effective?f. how about the top?g. could you cure it for me?第三节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从每小题的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。11are you happy with your life?_im dying for a change.awhy not？bnot really.cwhat for? dnever mind.12_hotel we stayed in caught fire last night and its thought that it was deliberately set on _fire. aa；/ ba；thecthe；the dthe；/13if you have any questions about this ship，go and ask johnson，who is the_engineer.amain bmajorcchief dprimary14i have a high fever and feel terrible.you_have walked in the rain for so long.ashouldnt bmustntccouldnt dneednt15my grandmother showed her love through food.this is_i remember most about her.ahow bwhethercwhom dwhat16 a lack of_of cultural difference to local customs can cause problems.aexistence brevolutioncawareness devidence17when you get out of the taxi，make sure that none of your possessions are_.aleft off bleft alonecleft behind dleft aside18 li ming is said_the experiment in the lab，but i cant find him there.ato have done bto docto be doing ddoing19the talk between the two leaders aimed at ending the long_of war between the two countries.asense bcasecstate dcondition20 they are_the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health.aseeking bstimulatingcshaping dsinking21 in a formal football match，each team can have three players to_their teammates when necessary.a. cooperate bsubstitutecrepresent dexchange22 after studying in a medical college for five years，jane_her job as a doctor in the countryside.aset out btook overctook up dset up23 tony found a better job in beijing and_in a middle school there now.ataught bhas taughtcis teaching dwill teach24 the boy_be really annoying at times，but after a while，youll get used to him.amust bshouldcshall dcan25 if you get tired_staying here，youre_liberty to go wherever you like.aof；at bfrom；atcof；for dfrom；for第四节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项。when i first entered university, my aunt, who is an english professor, gave me a new english dictionary. i was _26_to see that it was an english-english dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary._27_it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one, _28_, to be honest, i found it extremely _29_ to use at first. i would look up words in the dictionary and _30_ not fully understand the meaning. i was used to the _31_ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _32_ both in english and chinese. i really wondered why my aunt _33_ to make things so difficult for me. now, after studying english at university for three years, i _34_ that monolingual dictionaries are _35_ in learning a foreign language. as i found out, there is _36_ often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two _37_ in two language. my aunt even goes so far as to _38_ that a chinese “equivalent” can never give you the _39_ meaning of a word in english! _40_ , she insisted that i read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary _41_ i wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. _42_, i have come to see what she meant. using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. this dictionary uses a(n) 43 number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. when i read these definitions, i am 44 exposed to（接触）the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 45 this, i can express myself more easily in english.26.aworried bsad csurprised dnervous27.abecause balthough cunless dif28.abut bso cor dand29.adifficult binteresting cambitious dpractical30.athus beven cstill dagain31.anew bfamiliar cearlier dordinary32.aexplained bexpressed cdescribed dcreated33.aoffered bagreed cdecided dhappened34.aimagine brecommend cpredict dunderstand35.anatural bbetter ceasier dconvenient36 aat best bin fact cat times din case37.awords bnames cideas dcharacters38.ahope bdeclare cdoubt dtell39.aexact bbasic ctranslated dexpected40.arather bhowever ctherefore dinstead41.awhen bbefore cuntil dwhile42.alargely bgenerally cgradually dprobably43.aextra baverage ctotal dlimited44.arepeatedly bnearly cimmediately danxiously45.aaccording to bin relation to cin addition to dbecause of第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。aive spent over a year in india, and in those 365 plus days, ive learned a lot about getting around indian cities. my biggest lessons have been learned through being cheated, particularly by taxi and rickshaw (人力车) drivers, but that doesnt mean those are bad ways to travel, as long as you know what youre doing. below are the best ways to get around the city of delhi, india, and tips for how to keep from being the victim of scams （欺骗）.taking taxis is a great way to get around the city of delhi and chances are, if you arrive in delhi by plane, as soon as you make it through customs, youll be swarmed by indian taxi drivers. at the delhi airport, be sure to arrange for a taxi to your hotel at one of the two delhi traffic police taxi booths. one is inside the airport, and one is outside. the key is to make sure to go to a booth run by the police, rather than by independent taxi drivers.rickshaws are one of my favorite ways to get around indian cities, in part because its how the locals often travel. auto-rickshaws are more common, but bicycle rickshaws are still used in old delhi. if you do have a chance to take a bicycle rickshaw, you should do it at least once for a unique experience that should only set you back about 15 rupees. auto-rickshaw rates around delhi range between 30 and 80 rupees, depending on distance.if you really want to travel around delhi like the locals, take a public bus. indian buses become very crowded and most do not have air conditioning. they are, however, very cheap. a bus trip wont set you back any more than 15 rupees, as long as you stay within the city limits. since indian buses get so crowded, try to board the bus at the start of the route so you can get a seat.the train is a great way to get around within the city of delhi. fares are reasonable, between six and 22 rupees. all departure announcements are in both hindi and english, and tokens can be purchased for between six and 22 rupees.46. the author is trying to _ in delhi through this text.a. give some advice of travelingb. expect us to travel aroundc. show his/her experiencesd. explain the difficulties of traveling47. to avoid being cheated, you ought to _ if you want to take a taxi at the delhi airport.a. pay more to the drivers to keep safeb. show your ticket to the driverc. go to a police-run boothd. go out of the airport48. the author suggests taking a rickshaw in order to _.a. save some money b. enjoy the comfortable tripc. gain some unique experienced. help the local rickshaw driversblife is to be enjoyed. theres no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back thats even better. when people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. the latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right: your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep. two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of peoples brains!your face receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. you look younger and more attractive. in contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. this is why smokers look years older than they really are.your genes change. in may, a study was published in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes. your telomeres (染色体端粒) get longer. telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. as telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. the researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. the women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. on the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres.in other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.49. which of the following are good for lengthening ones life, according to the passage? eat healthy food drink plenty of water take exercise get up early go to sleep early release ones stress a. b. c. d. 50. the underlined words “your skin glows” in paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to _.a. your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine b. your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in itc. your skin looks pink as you are healthyd. your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough51. in the authors opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes except _.a. brains becoming clevererb. faces having fewer wrinkles c. arteries turning narrower d. genes being changed52. from the last but one paragraph we learn that _.a. mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child b. mothers dont know how to handle stress effectivelyc. some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children d. mothers positive attitudes are the key to managing their stressconline shoppers would rather receive an offer for a product or service than make their own offer 3 according to a study led by a michigan state university scholar that has implications for the fast-growing e-commerce industry. the findings may come as a surprise given that shopping online is an anonymous(匿名的）process that seemingly can give consumers more confidence to drive a hard bargain,said don conlon ，professor of management in msus broad college of business.but the study found that participants who made their own offers were less successful in sealing the deal and ，when they were successful? worried they overpaid many shoppers found the process of researching an offer to be a hassle. “ americans are very busy，and its less time-consuming to be the one receiving the offer rather than the one proposing the offer ” conlon said. u people tend to be happier when theyre in the receiver role. ”online spending in the united states is expected to jump 45 percent in the next four years，from $ 226 billion this year to $ 327 billion in 2017，according to forrester research inc. nevertheless, researches into this prosperous market remain largely focused on the strategies of companies, rather than those o shoppers. conlons study is ，obviously, a rare exception.conlon got the idea for the study after considering the difference between two popular sites for hotels and airline flights, , which takes bids, and ，which provides offers. using these two models ，conlon and his fellow researchers conducted a series of experiments with more than 850 people who were charged with booking a fictional hotel room and acquiring a fictional antique car. not only did participants prefer to receive bids, conlon said，but they also secured more deals in that receiver role. further when they had to make the bids，they were left more mentally taxed and regretful.from an industry perspective，putting customers in the receiver role may help fill more hotel rooms and airplane seats. “if youre a business with a lot of products3 ” conlon said，“you may want to be the one making the offers. ” however, when selling single items, such as an antique car， accepting bids may be a better option since that typically drives up the price, he said.53. what can we learn from para. 1? athe result of the study gives customers more confidence.bscholars arent surprised at the findings of the study.conline shoppers dont bargain as much as expected.de-commerce industry drives more hard bargains.54. it can be concluded from conlons experiments that_. aonline shopping is time-consumingbgiven prices help promote online salesconline businesses provide a lot of productsdreceiving offers makes online shoppers regretful55. the underlined word “taxed” in para. 4 probably means _. aburdenedbnumbedcrelieveddchallenged56. the passage is mainly about_. athe big advantages of online shoppingbthe rapid development of online shoppingconline shoppers preference for taking offersdonline companies strategies to improve servicedincreased use of the internet and mobile phones are undermining pupils capacity for independent study and promoting poor grammar, it was claimed.cranfield school of management found almost six in 10 schoolchildren were copying information directly from websites for homework tasks without properly reading it.more than a quarter thought it was an acceptable practice, even though they know it was considered plagiarism (剽窃)。the study, based on a sample of around 260 pupils aged from 11 to 18 at a secondary school in the midlands, raised fresh concerns that modern technology was having a destructive effect on young people.andrew kakabadse, professor of international management development at cranfield, said, “our research shows that technology obsession prevent spelling skills, encourages plagiarism, and disturbs classroom learning.“despite school policies restricting mobile phone usage, students use the phone frequently, with the majority making calls from the toilets. the mobile phone continues to be a main channel of social communication during the school day.”the report revealed that so-called “text-speak” was increasingly finding it was into pupils school work.three in 10 students admit to using text message shortcuts, such as “r u ok” in essays and classroom tasks.it followed a study earlier this year that found almost half of teachers failed to understand some pupils writing because it was so full of confusing language. phrases such as “innit” and “gr8” were regularly found in school work, it was claimed.the cranfield study found that mobile use was so common that many pupils chose to ignore school rules on phones.more than a third said they would use their mobile in class, while nearly three quarters said they would not even make an excuse to leave class to answer a phone call.57. the underlined word “undermining” in the first paragraph can best be replaced by _.a. determining b. keeping c. weakening d. increasing58. it can be infer from what kakabadse said that _.a. he is in favor of students mobile phone usage at schoolb. he believes schools are responsible for technology obsessionc. the research finds a new way to improve school managementd. it is