oralce-非图形化安装.doc

64位 redhat 5.2 slient 安装oracle 11.1.06前几天需要安装一个客户端 在网上找了找资料，装完后形成如下文档，其中额外解决了几个关键的问题上菜确认下是什么系统rootnaruto etc# cat /proc/versionLinux version 2.6.18-93.el5.custom (rootrh52_test) (gcc version 4.1.2 20071124 (Red Hat 4.1.2-42) #1 SMP Wed Jun 18 16:15:54 CST 2008rootnaruto etc# uname -aLinux naruto 2.6.18-93.el5.custom #1 SMP Wed Jun 18 16:15:54 CST 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux检查系统必要包是否被安装rpm -q -queryformat %NAME-%VERSION-%RELEASE (%ARCH)n binutils compat-libstdc+-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel-2.5 libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make sysstatEx: # rpm -q -queryformat %NAME-%VERSION-%RELEASE (%ARCH)n binutils compat-libstdc+-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel-2.5 libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make sysstatbinutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5 (x86_64)compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-61 (i386)compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-61 (x86_64)elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5 (x86_64)elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5 (x86_64)gcc-4.1.1-52.el5 (x86_64)gcc-c+-4.1.1-52.el5 (x86_64)glibc-2.5-12 (i686)glibc-2.5-12 (x86_64)glibc-common-2.5-12 (x86_64)glibc-devel-2.5-12 (x86_64)glibc-devel-2.5-12 (i386)libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (x86_64)libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (i386)libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2 (x86_64)libgcc-4.1.1-52.el5 (x86_64)libgcc-4.1.1-52.el5 (i386)libstdc+-4.1.1-52.el5 (x86_64)libstdc+-4.1.1-52.el5 (i386)libstdc+-devel-4.1.1-52.el5 (x86_64)make-3.81-1.1 (x86_64)sysstat-7.0.0-3.el5 (x86_64)如果已经全部装好了，则显示如上，我在检查这里的时候，发现有3个包没有安装elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5(x86_64)libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2(x86_64)sysstat-7.0.0-3.el5(x86_64)找了三个包过来安装rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2(x86_64)rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.0-3.el5(x86_64)安装都还顺利rpm -ivh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5(x86_64)的时候提示安装失败，需要前置包，弄了 好久还是这样提示最后直接用 rpm -ivh -force elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5(x86_64) 强 制安装要求内存不小于1G，在内存小于2G，SWAP应该是内存的1.5倍，内存2到8G，SWAP和 内存相同大小即可，内存超过8G，SWAP是 内存的0.75倍。由于11g对 于共享内存要求变大，因此系统共享内存应该大于512*进程数，如果共享内存不足的话，会造成ORA-845或ORA-1078错误。要求临时表空间不少于200M，安装目录应大于4G。检查检查rootnaruto #grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal: 16444136 kBrootnaruto # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfoSwapTotal: 2096440 kB这里的时候发现swap空间过少需要将SWAP空间变大1.查看系统Swap空间使用rootnaruto usr# free total used free shared buffers cachedMem: 16444136 8083200 8360936 0 159096 7626248-/+ buffers/cache: 297856 16146280Swap: 2096440 0 20964402.在空间合适处创建swap文件rootnaruto usrcd /usrrootnaruto usr# mkdir swaprootnaruto usr# cd swaprootnaruto swap# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=1000010000+0 records in10000+0 records outrootnaruto swap# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=100000100000+0 records in100000+0 records out102400000 bytes (102 MB) copied, 0.752257 seconds, 136 MB/srootnaruto swap# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=10000001000000+0 records in1000000+0 records out1024000000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 3.47728 seconds, 294 MB/srootnaruto swap# dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 count=7000000 7000000+0 records in7000000+0 records out7168000000 bytes (7.2 GB) copied, 25.0713 seconds, 286 MB/srootnaruto swap# mkswap swapfile Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 7167995 kB3.激活swap文件rootnaruto swap# swapon swapfile rootnaruto swap# free total used free shared buffers cachedMem: 16444136 7738108 8706028 0 166256 7277316-/+ buffers/cache: 294536 16149600Swap: 9096432 0 9096432OK swap成功 增加到9G下面继续为安装做准备 rootnaruto # groupadd oinstallrootnaruto # groupadd dbarootnaruto # groupadd asadminrootnaruto # useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asadmin oraclerootnaruto # passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New UNIX password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.rootnaruto # id nobodyuid=99(nobody) gid=99(nobody) groups=99(nobody) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh.-建立oinstall、dba和asadmin组。创建好用户后，检查nobody用户是否存在。不存在的话，建立该用户。检测并修改系统的核心参数，编辑/etc/sysctl.conf文件，添加下面的配置，保存后重启系统。注意，如果系统默认的配置比这里给出 的值大，不要修改原有配置。fs.file-max = 512 * PROCESSESkernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 2147483648kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = 4194304net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 262144配置oracle用 户的环境变量和shell限制，编辑/etc/security/limits.conf， 添加下面的内容：oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536编辑/etc/pam.d/login文 件，添加下面的内容：session required /lib/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so编辑oracle用 户目录下的.bash_rc文件，添加下列环境变量：umask 022if $USER = oracle ; thenif $SHELL = /bin/ksh ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifi编辑oracle 用户下环境变量 oraclenaruto $ vi .bash_profile # .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif -f /.bashrc ; then . /.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programsPATH=$PATH:$HOME/binexport TMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmpexport ORACLE_BASE=/home/data/oracleexport ORACLE_SID=ora11g64export ORACLE_HOME=/home/data/oracle/product/11.1export PATH=$HOME/bin:$PATH:$/home/data/oracle/product/11.1/binexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JREexport CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jlibexport CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibexport CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jliboraclenaruto $ 最后建立安装Oracle所需的目录结构。rootnaruto # mkdir -p /data/oracle/product/11.1rootnaruto # chown -R oracle.oinstall /data.-准备工作做完了下面开始进行Silent方式的安装。首先设置oraInst.loc文件：PHP code:-rootnaruto # ls -l /etc/oraInst.loc -rw-rw-r- 1 oracle dba 61 Oct 19 17:25 /etc/oraInst.locrootnaruto # more /etc/oraInst.loc inventory_loc=/data/oracle/oraInventoryinst_group=oinstall.-确保/etc/oraInst.loc中 包含上面的信息，且Oracle包含访问权限。根据希望安装的数据库类型选择Silent的response_file文件的类似， 比如：enterprise.rsp、standard.rsp还 是custom.rsp。这里选择enterpise.rsp类 型，安装盘中的database/response目录下对应的response文件拷贝出来，根据文件里面的提示对输入值进行修改。比如这个例子中对如下的参数进行设置：UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstallFROM_LOCATION=/data/database/stage/products.xmlORACLE_BASE=/data/oracleORACLE_HOME=/data/oracle/product/11.1ORACLE_HOME_NAME=ORADBHOME11SHOW_ROOTSH_CONFIRMATION=falseRESTART_SYSTEM=falseRESTART_REMOTE_SYSTEM=falseCOMPONENT_LANGUAGES=zh_CNs_nameForDBAGrp=dbas_nameForOPERGrp=oinstalls_nameForASMGrp=asadminn_configurationOption=3s_ASMSYSPassword=asms_ASMSYSPasswordAgain=asm注意，所有的字符串需要放在双引号中，注意大小 写。数字和布尔变量直接写就可以。由于这里没有选择建立数据库而只安装软件，因此没 有设置数据库相关的配置参数。oraclenaruto data$ chmod 700 enterprise.rsp .-下面可以开始SILENT安装了：注意，响应文件需要使用绝对路径。PHP code:-oraclenaruto database$ ./runInstaller -silent -noconfig -responseFile /data/database/enterprise.rspStarting Oracle Universal Installer.Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8886 MB PassedChecking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 8189 MB PassedPreparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2007-10-19_06-40-04PM. Please wait .oracleenterprice64 database$ Oracle Universal Installer, Version 11.1.0.6.0 ProductionCopyright (C) 1999, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.You can find the log of this install session at:/data/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2007-10-19_06-40-04PM.log. 100% Done.Loading Product Information. 100% Done.Starting execution of Prerequisites.Total No of checks: 14Performing check for CertifiedVersionsChecking operating system requirements .Expected result: One of enterprise-4,enterprise-5,redhat-4,redhat-5,SuSE-10,asianux-2,asianux-3Actual Result: enterprise-5Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for PackagesChecking operating system package requirements .Checking for make-3.81; found make-1:3.81-1.1-x86_64. PassedChecking for binutils-2.17.50.0.6; found binutils-2.17.50.0.6-2.el5-x86_64. PassedChecking for gcc-4.1.1; found gcc-4.1.1-52.el5-x86_64. Passed.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for KernelChecking kernel parametersChecking for semmsl=250; found semmsl=250. Passed.Checking for wmem_max=262144; found wmem_max=262144. PassedCheck complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for GLIBCChecking Recommended glibc versionExpected result: ATLEAST=2.5-12 Actual Result: 2.5-12Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for TotalMemoryChecking physical memory requirements .Expected result: 922MBActual Result: 7984MBCheck complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for SwapSpaceChecking available swap space requirements .Expected result: 7984MBActual Result: 8189MBCheck complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for DetectIfDHCPAssignedIPChecking Network Configuration requirements .Check complete. The overall result of this check is: Not executed Check complete: Not executed Recommendation: Oracle supports installations on systems with DHCP-assigned public IP addresses. However, the primary network interface on the system should be configured with a static IP address in order for the Oracle Software to function properly. See the Installation Guide for more details on installing the software on systems configured with DHCP.=Performing check for CheckPathForOtherOracleHomesChecking PATH environment variable.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for CheckTempDiskSpaceChecking for sufficient diskspace in TEMP location.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for CheckLdLibraryPathChecking LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for OracleBaseValidating ORACLE_BASE location (if set) .Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for OracleHomeSpaceChecking Oracle Home path for spaces.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for DetectAnyInvalidASMHomeChecking for proper system clean-up.Check complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=Performing check for CompatibilityChecks_DBChecking for Oracle Home incompatibilities .Actual Result: NEW_HOMECheck complete. The overall result of this check is: PassedCheck complete: Passed=PrereqChecks completeAnalyzing dependencies . 100% Done.-SummaryGlobal Settings Source: /data/database/stage/products.xml Oracle Base: /data/oracle Oracle Home: /data/oracle/product/11.1 (ORADBHOME11) Installation Type: Enterprise EditionProduct Languages Simplified Chinese EnglishSpace Requirements / Required 226MB (only as temporary space) : Available 8.56GB /data/ Required 3.63GB : Available 181.86GBNew Installations (126 products) Oracle Database 11g 11.1.0.6.0 Enterprise Edition Options 11.1.0.6.0 Oracle Partitioning 11.1.0.6.0 . Oracle Universal Installer 11.1.0.6.0 Oracle One-Off Patch Installer 11.1.0.6.0 Installer SDK Component 11.1.0.6.0 Sun JDK 1.5.0.11.0 -Installation in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:40:20 CST 2007). 6% Done. 12% Done. 19% Done. 25% Done. 31% Done. 38% Done. 44% Done. 50% Done. 57% Done. 63% Done. 69% Done. 76% Done. 81% Done.Install successfulLinking in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:42:27 CST 2007). 81% Done.Link successfulSetup in progress (Fri Oct 19 18:43:33 CST 2007). 100% Done.Setup successfulEnd of install phases.(Fri Oct 19 18:43:36 CST 2007)WARNING:The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.#!/bin/sh#Root script to run/data/oracle/product/11.1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.Please check /data/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2007-10-19_06-40-04PM.log for more details.-最后使用root执 行一下$ORACLE_HOME/root.sh脚本就可以了。不过这里Oracle存 在一个bug，在root.sh脚本中，自 动将OUI_SILENT参数设置为TRUE， 而后的检查中，如果发现这个值为TRU