高考英语考前重点词汇简明笔记 (2).doc

高考英语考前重点词汇简明笔记1. account【基】n. 账户；叙述，报告vi. 解释，（在数量上）占有【用】a full account of the incident 对事件的详细叙述on account of由于take sth into account 把考虑在内account for 解释；占比例2. achieve【基】v. 实现，获得【用】achieve ones goal/ ambition/ success 实现目标/实现抱负/获得成功3. adapt【基】v. 适应【特】v.（为电视、舞台等）改编或改写（稿本）【用】adapt sth for/from 改编adapt sb (oneself) to 适应4. adjust【基】vt.调整vi. (to) 适应【用】adjust the chair so as to sit more comfortably调整椅子以便坐得更舒服些adjust(oneself) to the life in university 适应大学生活5. admire【基】v. 欣赏；钦佩【用】We really admire him for his frankness.我们很钦佩他的坦白。6. admit【基】v. 承认【特】v. 录取【用】be admitted to (a university) 被（大学）录取We have to admit that hes a highly able man.我们不得不承认：他很有能力。7. adopt【基】vt. 采取，采纳【特】vt. 收养；批准【用】adopt the new measure 通过了这项新措施adopt a child领养孩子The policy was adopted to promote economic growth.这项政策被采纳来促进经济增长。8. affair【基】n. 事件，事情pl.事务【用】international affairs 国际事务personal affairs 私事9. affect【基】v. 影响【特】v. 指疾病侵袭【用】affect ones decision 影响某人的决定Cancer affects his lungs. 癌症侵袭他的肺部。10. afford【基】v. 买得起【特】v. 承担得起【用】afford to do sth 负担得起Its the last chance for him to regain the job, so he cant afford to disappoint his boss.这是他最后一次机会，所以他不能让老板失望。Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time.我真的想去度假，但是我没有时间。11. agree【基】vi. 同意；相符，一致【特】vi.（with）相宜，适宜vt. 承认，同意【用】agree on 就达成一致agree with sb 同意某人；（天气或食物）适合某人agree to do sth 同意做某事12. aim【基】n. 目的v. 目的在于【用】aim at 以为目的Shes aiming at a scholarship.她力求获得奖学金。13. announce【基】v. 宣布；预告，预示【用】The invention announced the beginning of a new era of computers.这项发明宣告了计算机新时代的开始。14. appreciate【基】v. 感激，感谢; 欣赏，赏识【用】The stranger deeply appreciated his help.那个陌生对他的帮助深表感谢。The young man was highly appreciated by the boss.这个年轻人很受老板的赏识。15. approach【基】v.（在空间或时间上）接近，靠近n.u靠近，接近c方法；途径；手段【用】Autumn is approaching.秋天快到了。a new approach to learning language 一个语言学习的新方法16. approve【基】v. 赞成，同意; 批准；认可【用】approve ones decision 同意某人的决定approve of 赞同17. attempt【基】v. & n. 努力；尝试【用】attempt to do 尝试去做The prisoner attempted to escape, but failed.那个囚犯试图逃跑，但是失败了。He was charged with attempted robbery.他被指控蓄意谋杀。18. available【基】adj. 可得到的；可_用的【用】Tickets are available at the book office. 售票处有票。Are you available tonight? 你今天晚上有空吗？19. average【基】n. 平均，平均数adj. 平均的【特】adj. 普通的；平常的【用】on average 平均an average person一个普通人20. aware【基】adj. 意识到，察觉到【用】be aware of/that 意识到，察觉到He doesnt seem to be aware of the coldness of their attitudes towards his appeal.他似乎没有意识到他们对他的呼吁所表现出来的冷淡。21. bend【基】v. (bent, bent)使弯曲【用】Can you touch your toes without bending your knees?你能不弯膝盖触碰到脚趾吗？He couldnt bend his mind to his studies.他不能专心于学习。22. benefit【基】n. 收益v. 使受益【用】benefit from 从中受益He benefited a great deal from the experience. 他从这次经历中获益良多。23. blame【基】n. & v. 责备【用】blame sb for sth 因为而责备某人be to blame for 该为负责任She blamed him for his mistake. 她因为他的错误而责备他。Which driver was to blame for the accident? 哪个司机应该为这次事故负责？24. burden【基】n. 负担；责任，义务vt. 装载；使负重担【用】financial burden 财政负担The hiker was burdened with a heavy pack.这个登山者背了一个很重的背包。25. bury【基】v. 埋葬；葬【用】be buried in books 埋头苦读bury ones face in ones hands 捂着脸26. business【基】n. 交易，生意【用】get down to business开始做，言归正传mind ones own business管好自己的事27. calm【基】adj. 冷静的；安静的v. 使平静；使镇定【用】calm down 使平静；使平息keep calm 保持冷静28. care【基】n. 忧虑；照管；爱护；小心；谨慎vi. 挂念；在乎；喜欢；想要【特】care about 关心；忧虑care for 原意；喜欢take care小心；保重take care of 照看29. catch【基】v. 抓住；拿住；听到；领会【用】catch sight of 看见catch a cold 感冒The police caught them stealing a car. 警察撞见他们在偷车。The kite was caught in a tree. 风筝被树挂住了。30. cause【基】n. 原因；理由v. 导致；引起【特】n. 事业【用】cause and effect 因果According to a scientific research, most cancer was caused by smoking.根据一项科学研究：大多数癌症是由吸烟引起的。31. charge【基】vt. 索价；指控；使充电n. 价格；收费；责任【特】vt. 使承担任务（或责任、义务）【用】be in charge of 负责take charge (of) 负责charge sb with sth 控告某人How much do you charge for a haircut?剪一个头要多少钱？The police charged her with murdering her husband.警方指控她谋杀了她的丈夫。32. communicate【基】v. 沟通【用】communicate with 与沟通Only by communicating well can parents and children build a good relationship.只有通过很好的交流，父母和孩子才能建立友好的关系。33. concern【基】v. 涉及；关于v. & n. 担心；忧虑【用】as far as I am concerned 就我而言，据我所知be concerned about 担心He is writing an assay concerning drug abuse. 他在写一篇关于毒品滥用的论文。34. condition【基】n. 情况；条件；环境【特】v. 使习惯，适应【用】under no condition 绝不air conditioner 空调on condition that 如果The soldiers have become conditioned to life in the jungle.士兵们已经适应了丛林生活。35. connect【基】v. 连接【用】connect with 与连接That old man was suspected to be connected with the crime.这个老人被怀疑与这起犯罪有关。36. contribute【基】v. 贡献；有助于【特】v. 投稿【用】contribute to 导致；促成；有助于Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.大量新鲜空气有助于健康。Her great efforts contribute to her success.她的努力促成了成功。37. convince【基】v. 使相信；使信服【用】be convinced of 确信，承认It was hard to convince the children that we couldnt afford to keep a pet.很难说服孩子，我们养不起宠物。He was convinced that anything of value has to be earned.他确信：任何有价值的事都得去争取。38. cost【基】n. 成本；费用；代价vt. 使付出（金钱）；花费（时间、劳力等）【用】costs and benefits 成本和收益at the cost of 以为代价The coat cost me 100 yuan. 这件衣服花费我100 块钱。39. count【基】v. 数，记数【特】v. 重要；有意义【用】count from.to. 从数到count for 有价值count on 依靠count down 倒计时count in 把算在内Make everyday count! 使每天有意义！Knowledge without common sense counts for little. 没有常识的学问无甚价值。40. cover【基】n. 覆盖物；（书等的）封面v. 覆盖；涉及【特】v.（指钱）足够花；能走多远的路程【用】be covered with 覆盖着How many pages of the book did you cover? 那本书你读完了多少页？5 dollars will cover our petrol for the journey.五美元就做够支付我们这次旅行的汽油花销。He can cover 50 km during one night. 他一晚上能走50千米。41. damage【基】n. 损坏，伤害v. 损害，毁坏【用】do damage to 对造成损害damage ones health 损害健康42. declare【基】v. 正式宣称，宣告【用】I declare the meeting closed. 我宣布会议结束。43. decline【基】vt. 拒绝；谢绝vi. 逐渐下降；衰落【用】decline the invitation 拒绝邀请The number of smokers in the United States declined greatly in the 1980s.20 世纪80 年代，美国的吸烟人数大幅度减少。44. defeat【基】v. 打败，战胜；使困惑，难住n. 失利【用】defeat sb 打败defeat all his hopes of winning 使他获胜的希望成为泡影45. delay【基】n. & v. 耽搁，耽误【用】delay doing 延迟做delay the meeting 推迟会议46. deliver【基】v. 递送，传送【特】v. 发表（演说）【用】deliver milk送牛奶deliver a speech 做演讲We can deliver goods to your door. 我们可以送货上门。He delivered an important lecture at the meeting. 他在会议上做了重要发言。47. demand【基】n. &v. 要求，需求【用】demand and supply 供需meet ones demand 满足要求48. desire【基】v. & n. 渴望【用】desire to do 渴望做，想要做Failure only intensified my desire to succeed. 失败只会增强了我获得成功的欲望。49. destroy【基】v. 破坏；摧毁【用】a house destroyed by bombs/ fire/ explosion 被炸弹/大火/爆炸催毁的房子destroy ones hope/ career/ reputation 毁掉某人的希望/事业/名誉50. determine【基】v. 决定，下决心【用】be determined to do 下定决心做某事I have determined on going to the countryside after graduation.我已经决定毕业后去乡下。51. develop【基】v. 发展【特】v. 冲洗（照片）；培养（习惯）【用】develop film 冲洗胶卷develop a good habit of. 培养的好习惯52. devote【基】v. 奉献【用】be devoted to 致力于，投身于After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. 退休后，他将致力于园艺。53. differ【基】vi. 不同，相异，有区别【用】A differs from B in A和B在上有所不同People differ from one to another in their ability to handle stress.人们处理压力的能力各有不同。54. discuss【基】v. 讨论；议论【用】a heated discussion about 关于的激烈讨论55. doubt【基】v. 怀疑；不相信n. 疑惑，疑问；怀疑【用】beyond doubt 无疑地，确实地There is no doubt that you will succeed. 毫无疑问，你会成功的。56. draw【基】v. (drew, drawn) 拉【特】v. 吸引；得出（结论）【用】draw ones attention 吸引注意力draw a conclusion 得出结论draw money from ones account 从账户取钱57. drive【基】v. (drove, driven) 驾驶【特】v. 驱使；逼迫n. 动力【用】drive sb crazy/mad 把某人逼疯Pursuit of wealth is one of the strongest human drives.追求财富是人类最强的动力之一。58. effect【基】n. 影响【用】take effect 生效bring sth into effect 使有效have a (good/ bad) effect on. 对有（好的/坏的）影响59. employ【基】v. 雇佣【特】v. 利用【用】employ your spare time 利用你的闲暇时间This method has been extensively employed in the United States.这种方法已经在美国广泛使用。60. envy【基】v. & n. 嫉妒，羡慕【用】The boys new electronic toy train was the envy of his friends.这个男孩的新电动玩具火车使他的朋友们羡慕不已。61. equip【基】v. 给装备【用】be equipped with 用来装备，武装be equipped with knowledge 用知识来装备well-equipped army 装备精良的军队62. event【基】n. 事件；比赛项目【用】in the event that如果international events 国际大事63. examine【基】v. 考试；检查【用】examine the patient 检查病人examine ones body 检查身体64. excuse【基】vt. 宽恕，原谅；辩解n. 借口；托辞；理由【用】Excuse me for being late. 对不起，我迟到了。Nothing will excuse his cruelty to his children.任何事都不能为他虐待儿童的罪行开脱。Can I be excused from football practice? 我可以不参加足球训练吗？65. experience【基】n.u经验c经历，阅历vt. 体验【用】experienced teachers 有经验的老师He has not enough experiences for the position. 对于这一职位，他没有足够的经验。I had an unusual experience yesterday. 我昨天有一次不寻常的经_历。66. familiar【基】adj. 熟悉的【用】sb be familiar with sth 某人对某事熟悉sth be familiar to sb 某人对某事熟悉If you know or understand something well, you can say that you are familiar with it.熟悉就是你对某事很了解。67. favo(u)r【基】n. 喜欢；赞同；恩惠vt. 赞同，喜爱；偏爱【用】do sb a favor 帮助be in favor of支持favor his proposal赞同他的提议68. figure【基】n. 数字，人物v. 想，估计【用】figure out 想出，弄明白public figures 公众人物We must figure out how to solve the problem. 我们必须弄明白如何解决这个问题。69. firm【基】adj.坚固的；坚决的n. 公司【用】firmly believe 坚信a firm of accountants 会计师事务所70. fit【基】adj. 合适的；健康的v. (fitted或fit, fitted或fit) 适合，符合，合身【用】keep fit保持健康be fit for 适合The cooker wont fit your new kitchen. 这个新厨具不适合你的新厨房。71. fix【基】vt. 使固定；确定，决定；修理；校准【用】fix the date and place 确定时间和地点Have you fixed the date for the wedding yet, so that we can prepare a little earlier?你的婚期定了吗？我们好提早准备。I need someone to fix my brakes as I want to use the car this afternoon.我的车闸需要修理，因为我下午要用车。72. focus【基】v. 聚焦n. 焦点【用】focus on集中注意力于narrow down ones focus 聚焦73. follow【基】n. & v. 跟随；沿前进；听从【用】Spring follows winter. 冬去春来。follow the advice听从意见as follows如下74. forbid【基】vt. (forbade, forbidden) 不许，禁止【用】forbid sb to do sth 禁止做forbid doing 禁止做Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall. 音乐厅内，禁止吸烟。The storm forbids us to go out. 暴风雨使我们不能外出。75. form【基】n. 形式；表格v. 形成【特】application form 申请表格form a good habit of . 养成的好习惯76. fun【基】n.有趣的事；玩笑；娱乐【用】Sailing a boat is great fun. 划船很有意思。You are always making fun of me! 你总是开我的玩笑。77. general【基】adj. 总的，大概的【用】in general总的来说generally speaking 一般来讲78. harm【基】n. & v. 伤害；损害【用】do harm to. 对造成伤害Its a mercy to us that the hijackers didnt harm her. 谢天谢地！那些劫机者没有伤害她。Smoking does harm to peoples health. 吸烟有害健康。79. help【基】v. 帮助；有助于，促进n. 帮助，援助；帮手【用】can/ could not help doing禁不住，忍不住help out 解决难题（或摆脱困境）help oneself to 自便80. hold【基】vt. (held, held) 拿着；握住；容纳；举行【用】hold a party 举办晚会hold a cigarette between his lips 嘴里叼着香烟The room can hold fifty people. 这个房间能容纳50 人。I hold that she should be punished. 我认为她应该受到惩罚。81. honour (美honor)【基】n. 光荣，荣誉；荣幸v. 给以荣誉【用】in honor of为了向表示敬意；为纪念May I have the honor to see you home? 我是否有幸送你回家？I feel much honored to be here.来到这里，我感到很荣幸。82. hurt【基】v. (hurt, hurt)使受伤，弄伤；伤的感情【用】hurt ones feelings伤害某人的感情He was badly hurt. 他受伤很重。83. impress【基】v. 给某人留下深刻印象；使铭记【用】be deeply impressed with/ by 对印象很深I was impressed by his words. 我对他的话印象深刻。84. influence【基】n. & v.影响【用】have a (good/ bad) influence on sb 对有（好的或坏的）影响under the influence of (alcohol) 在（酒精）的影响下85. inform【基】v.通知【用】inform sb of sth通知某人某事We should keep them informed of whats going on with our project.我们应该告诉他们工程的进展。86. intend【基】v. 企图，打算【用】intend to do打算做某事He had intended to buy a dress for his girlfriend.他本打算给他的女朋友买条裙子。87. introduce【基】vt.介绍【特】vt. 引进，传入【用】introduce yourself to others 向别人介绍你自己introduce the technology into China 把技术引进到中国88. join【基】v. 参加，加入；连接，接合【用】join the game 参加游戏They all joined in singing the Christmas carols. 他们都一起唱圣诞颂歌89. lack【基】v. & n.缺乏【用】a lack of 缺乏Alexs real problem is that he lacks confidence. Alex 真正的问题是缺乏自信。Rosie was showing a marked lack of interest in her school work.Roise对功课明显缺乏兴趣。90. last【基】n. 最后v. 持续adj