在Solaris10X86上安装Oracle10gRAC详解.doc

概述本文详细介绍了如何在基于Solaris 10 X86的节点上来安装Oracle 10g RAC的具体步骤和注意事项，同时也提供了具体的命令操作以及安装过程的截屏，最后是创建一个Cluster数据库的具体步骤。系统环境两台Sun的基于 AMD64的机器(V20Z)一台Sun的Storage(3510)一个百兆交换机Solaris 10 X86 1/06Oracle 10g EE RAC for Solaris X86 with Oracle patch 4186426其中两个V20Z节点通过光纤卡直接和Storage3510相连接安装前期配置本文中的Oracle RAC的安装是基于两个节点的配置，很多步骤需要在两个节点(RAC1 和RAC2）上都要完成,以下是安装Oracle RAC前需要做的准备工作:1,在所有节点上创建Oracle用户组和帐号bash-3.00# groupadd -g 100 oinstallbash-3.00# groupadd -g 101 dbabash-3.00# mkdir -p /export/homebash-3.00# useradd -u 200 -g oinstall -G dba -s /usr/bin/bash -d /export/home/oracle -m oraclebash-3.00# id -a oracleuid=200(oracle) gid=100(oinstall) groups=101(dba)添加完用户后需要为oracle用户设置密码，使得帐号生效。2，在所有节点上验证用户nobody是否存在bash-3.00# id -a nobodyuid=60001(nobody) gid=60001(nobody) groups=60001(nobody)3，为所有的节点设置网络地址对于每个节点，Oracle RAC需要设置一个公共的网络地址，一个虚拟的未用网络地址和一个私有网络地址，对于公共的网络地址，这里假设已经在安装系统时已经配置完成，即将bge0配置为公共地址，以下是配置其他网络地址的具体步骤，bash-3.00# ifconfig bge0:1 plumb upbash-3.00# ifconfig bge0:1 12 netmask bash-3.00# ifconfig bge1 plumb upbash-3.00# ifconfig bge1 2 netmask 可以将这些步骤写入/etc/profile,使得每次系统启动后，这些地址自动就配置完成。最终的网络配置为：bash-3.00# ifconfig -alo0: flags=2001000849 mtu 8232 index 1inet netmask ff000000bge0: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2inet 22 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 55ether 0:9:3d:0:75:20bge0:1: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2inet 12 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 55bge1: flags=1000803 mtu 1500 index 3inet 2 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 55ether 0:9:3d:0:75:21bash-3.00$ netstat -rnRouting Table: IPv4Destination Gateway Flags Ref Use Interface- - - - - - 1 U 1 0 bge 21 U 1 47 bge0 11 U 1 0 bge0:1 21 U 1 0 bge0 UH 23 25657 lo04,在所有节点上，生成文件/etc/hostname.bge0 和/etc/hostname.bge1具体内容如下，并需将网络配置写入文件/etc/hostsbash-3.00$ more /etc/host*:/etc/hostname.bge0:RAC1:/etc/hostname.bge1:rac_priv_host1:/etc/hosts:# Internet host table# localhost21 RAC1. RAC22 RAC2. RAC11 RAC1-VIR. RAC1-VIR12 RAC2-VIR. RAC2-VIR1 rac_priv_host12 rac_priv_host25,配置信任主机Oracle RAC需要将所有节点配置成为信任主机，即在所有节点上生成具有以下内容的文件/etc/hosts.equiv,并进行测试bash-3.00$ more /etc/hosts.equivRAC1. oracleRAC2. oracleRAC1 oracleRAC2 oraclersh RAC2 dateThu Jan 19 02:12:12 CST 2006rsh RAC2 hostnameRAC26,在所有节点上创建Oracle RAC安装目录并设置权限bash-3.00# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product//oraclebash-3.00# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle /product//oraclebash-3.00# chmod -R 755 /u01/app/oracle/product//oraclebash-3.00# mkdir -p /u01/crs/oracle/product//crsbash-3.00# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/crs/oracle/product//crsbash-3.00# chmod -R 755 /u01/crs/oracle/product//crs为安装Oracle CRS在所有节点上设置Oracle的环境变量在$HOME/.profile,$HOME为用户oracle的起始目录bash-3.00$ cat .profileORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=/u01/crs/oracle/product//crsexport ORACLE_HOMEPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/bin:/usr/openwin/binexport PATH在所有节点上将以下系统设置写入文件/etc/systemset semsys:seminfo_semmni 100set semsys:seminfo_semmns 1024set semsys:seminfo_semmsl 256set semsys:seminfo_semvmx 32767set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax 4294967295set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin 1007,存储设备的配置:在这里，我们用了Sun Storage3510来做为安装Oracle 10g RAC的设备，并将其配置为raw partitions，以下为具体的需求:Oracle和Oracle CRS需要的Raw Partitions数目和大小从以上的表格可以看出，对于两个节点的Oracle RAC,我们需要在存储器上配置17个raw partitions(创建Oracle数据库需要15个，安装Oracle CRS需要2个）,由于每个Solaris的磁盘最多只能有7个slice供使用(slice 2,8,9是不能用做分区的),所以需要在Storage 3510上来分多个磁盘来满足需要,然后在Solaris中对每个盘进行分区，注意的是为了避免CRS或是Oracle数据库文件覆盖磁盘中的分区表，在分slices时不能从cylinder 0(比如slice 2)开始。由于3510的分区在Solaris中的设备名为一个很长的字符串，为了更方便的表示这些设备，这里采用了创建连接到这些设备的方法，并设置相应的属性和权限，这两个设备是为Oracel CRS安装用的，见以下步骤：mkdir /ORACLEcd /ORACLEln -s /dev/rdsk/c3t600C0FF00000000007D35237AD84C802d0s0 ocrchown -RL root:oinstall ocrchmod -R 640 ocrln -s /dev/rdsk/c3t600C0FF00000000007D35237AD84C802d0s1 votechown -RL oracle:dba votechmod -R 640 vote安装Oracle CRS当以上所有的配置完成后，我们就可以进行Oracle CRS的安装了启动Oracle CRS安装脚本，注意参数-ignoreSysPrereqs是为了忽略版本检查带来的错误，./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs以下是具体的安装步骤和图示,1,欢迎界面，直接点击next2,指定详细目录和凭证此时会弹出一个提示栏要求在RAC1上运行一个脚本，如下：/u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shchmod: WARNING: cant access /var/opt/oracleCreating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.2,指定安装文件的路径，缺省的安装路径来自于我们先前在$HOME/.profile的设置3,选择语言-点击下一步4,配置cluster5,指定网络接口的用途，这里我们指定bge0做为公共网络接口，bge1做为私有网络接口6,指定OCR的路径为/ORACLE/ocr7,指定Vote的路径为 /ORACLE/ocr此时需要用户在所有节点上以root身份来运行脚本orainstRoot.sh,如下：/u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shCreating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall./u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shchmod: WARNING: cant access /var/opt/oracleCreating the Oracle inventory pointer file (/var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc)Changing groupname of /u01/crs/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.8,然后会出现安装配置的小结界面，点击下一步后就进入安装阶段：9,安装过程,从图中我们看到CRS安装程序自动向另一个节点RAC2拷贝文件在安装后期，会提示用户在所有节点上以 root身份来运行root.sh，如下：/u01/crs/oracle/product//crs/root.shRunning Oracle10 root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER= oracleORACLE_HOME= /u01/crs/oracle/product//crsFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already up.Setting the permissions on OCR backup directoryOracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfullyWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle/product/ is not owned by rootWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle/product is not owned by rootWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle is not owned by rootclscfg: EXISTING configuration version 2 detected.clscfg: version 2 is 10G Release 1.assigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.node :node 1: rac1 rac_priv_host1 rac1node 2: rac2 rac_priv_host2 rac2clscfg: Arguments check out successfully.NO KEYS WERE WRITTEN. Supply -force parameter to override.-force is destructive and will destroy any previous clusterconfiguration.Oracle Cluster Registry for cluster has already been initializedAdding daemons to inittabPreparing Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.CSS is active on these nodes.rac1rac2CSS is active on all nodes.Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to startOracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)/u01/crs/oracle/product//crs/root.shRunning Oracle10 root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as:ORACLE_OWNER= oracleORACLE_HOME= /u01/crs/oracle/product//crsFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.Checking to see if Oracle CRS stack is already up.Setting the permissions on OCR backup directoryOracle Cluster Registry configuration upgraded successfullyWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle/product/ is not owned by rootWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle/product is not owned by rootWARNING: directory /u01/crs/oracle is not owned by rootassigning default hostname rac1 for node 1.assigning default hostname rac2 for node 2.Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.Using ports: CSS=49895 CRS=49896 EVMC=49898 and EVMR=49897.node :node 1: rac1 rac_priv_host1 rac1node 2: rac2 rac_priv_host2 rac2Creating OCR keys for user root, privgrp root.Operation successful.Now formatting voting device: /ORACLE/voteSuccessful in setting block0 for voting disk.Format complete.Adding daemons to inittabPreparing Oracle Cluster Ready Services (CRS):Expecting the CRS daemons to be up within 600 seconds.CSS is active on these nodes.rac1rac2CSS is active on all nodes.Waiting for the Oracle CRSD and EVMD to startOracle CRS stack installed and running under init(1M)以上步骤完成后，整个CRS的安装就完成了我们可以做一些测试来验证CRS的安装是否正确cd /u01/crs/oracle/product//crs/bin/pwd/u01/crs/oracle/product//crs/bin./olsnodes -nrac1 1rac2 2同时要