浙江省象山县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（2）.doc

浙江象山县2016高考英语阅读理解（二轮）选练（2）阅读理解。everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state：without it，it would not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us；nor the workers in government offices who look after our health，our food，our water，and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves；nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us.by means of taxation，we pay for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat.but everyone knows that taxation is necessary，different people have different ideas about how taxation should be arranged.should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year？or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell？if the first kind of taxation is used，should everyone pay the same tax，whether he is rich or poor？if the second kind of tax is preferred，should everything be taxed equally?in most countries，a direct tax on persons，which is called income tax，exists.it is arranged in such a way that the poorest people pay nothing，and the percentage of tax grows greater as the taxpayers income grows.in england，for example，the tax on the richest people goes up as high as ninetyfive percent!but countries with direct taxation nearly always have indirect taxation too.many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”of course，it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops who really have to pay the duties，in the form of higher prices.in some countries，too，there is a tax on things sold in the shops.if the most necessary things are taxed，a lot of money is collected，but the poor people suffer most.if unnecessary things like jewels and fur coats are taxed，less money is got but the tax is fairer，as the rich pay it.probably this last kind of indirect tax，together with a direct tax on incomes which is low for the poor and high for the rich，is the best arrangement.36the first paragraph tells us about the_.atax policiesbtaxable itemscarrangement of taxationdimportance of taxation37which of the following statements about income tax is not true in most countries?athe poorest pay no tax.bthe poor pay the same taxes as the rich.cthe rich pay more taxes than the poor.dthe rich pay a very high percentage of tax.38people who buy imported items in the shops have to pay duties_.ato the government officebat a lower pricecas an income taxdin the form of higher prices39according to the writer，if valuable things are taxed，_.amuch money is collectedbthe poor suffer a lotcthe rich will be happydthe tax is more reasonable40in the passage，the writer suggests_.atwo kinds of income taxesbthe importance of indirect taxescthe fairer income taxesdmore than one kind of indirect taxes36d第一段第一句就是主题句。37b从第三段可以作出判断。38d第四段第三句已经点明了此题答案。39d从第四段最后一句可知答案。40d从文章最后两段内容可以看出最佳选项。阅读理解。imagine，one day，getting out of bed in beijing and being at your office in shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work，going back home to beijing and having dinner theresounds unusual，doesnt it? but its not that unrealistic，with the development of chinas highspeed railway systemand thats not a11china has an even greater highspeed railway planto connect the country with southeast asia，and eventually eastern europechina is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 1 0 to 15 years，eventually reaching london and singaporechina has proposed three such projectsthe first would possibly connect kunming with singapore via vietnam and malaysiaanother could start in urumqi and go through kazakhstan and uzbekistan，and possibly to germanythe third would start in the northeast and go north through russia and then into western europeif chinas plan for the high-speed railway goes forward，people could zip over from london to beijing in under two daysthe new system would still follow chinas highspeed railway standardand the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour，almost as fast as some airplanes chinas bullet train(高速客车)，the one connecting wuhan to guangzhou，already has the worlds fastest average speedit covers 1,069 kilometers in about three hoursof course，there are some technical challenges to overcomethere are so many issues that need to be settled，such as safety，rail gauge(轨距)，maintenance of railway tracksso，its important to pay attention to every detailbut the key issue is really moneychina is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansionchina prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital investmentresources from those countries could stream into china to sustain developmentit11 be a win-win project. for other countries，the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business，tourism and so on，not to mention the better communication among those countriesfor china，such a project would not only connect it with the rest of asia and bring some much-needed resources，but would also help develop chinas far westwe foresee that in the coming decades，millions of people will migrate to the western regions，where the land is empty and resources unusedwith high-speed trains，people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for a11and they11 trade with central asian and eastern european countries( ) 1. chinas new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because a. china will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions b. china and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various ways c. china will develop its railway system and communication with other countriesd. the foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation，business and tourism选b在文章倒数第二段中有明确答案( ) 2. according to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is a. technical issues b. safety of the systemw_w w.c. financial problems d. maintenance of railway tracks选c . 在文章第8段看到 there are so many issues that need to be settled.及第9节中 but the key issue is really money( ) 3. which of the following words best describes the authors attitude towards chinas high-speed railway plan? a. critical b. reserved c. doubtful d. positive选d . 尽管在文章第8，9段中 提到存在的问题，但从最后两段中不难看出作者是持支持的态度( ) 4. which of the following might be the best title for the passage?a. new railway standards b. big railway dreamsc. highspeed bullet trains d. international railway network选b. 贯穿全文须知这只是一个梦想阅读理解。students and technology in the classroomi love my blackberryits my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. i also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thought .despite this love of technology ,i know that there are times when i need to move away from these device and truly communication with others.on occasion, i teach a course called history matters for a group of higher education managers. my goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .because i want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,i have a rule no laptop, ipods, phones ,etc .when students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .most students assume that year reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. theres a bit of truth to that. some students assume that i am anti-technology. theres no truth in that at all. i love technology and try to keep up with it so i relate to my students.the real reason why i ask students to leave technology at the door is that i think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. i want students to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion.ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the educations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that i create .students realize that with deep conversation and challenge , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .im not saying that i wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until i hear a really good reason for the change ,im sticking to my plan. a few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too give up.( ) 1.some of the students in the history class were unhappy with_a. the course material b. others misuse of technology c. discussion topics d. the authors class regulator ( ) 2.the underlined word “engage” in para.4 probably means _a. explore b. accept c. change d. reject ( ) 3.according to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _a. keep students from doing independent thinking b. encourage students to have in-depth conversationsc. help students to better understand complex themes d. affect students concentration on course evaluation( ) 4.it can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _a. is quite stubborn b. will give up teaching history c. will change his teaching plan soon d. values technology-free dialogues in his class 【文章大意】议论文，文章论述的主题是，students and technology，文章以教师的口吻谈到为何不允许学生在课堂上玩ipod、手机等通讯工具，因为technology会影响我们的深入交流。1.答案d。细节理解题。由文章第二段内容可以得出。2. 答案a。细节理解题。由i think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. 可知technology 会影响我们的深入交流。engage 与explore 探索意义表述与之为吻合。3. a 推理判断题。 students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom可以推知作者认为technology 会阻碍我们的独立思考能力4. d 推理判断题。由文章最后一段作者深信自己的technology会影响我们的深入交流。并且坚持她的values technology-free dialogues in his class的观点。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(一)】dthe quality of drinking water in shanghai will meet european union standard by 2015 and，a decade later，citizens in shanghai will drink the best water in the world.these were the goals set by the shanghai water authority.with the citys population expected to increase only slightly and the economy to boom by 2020，chen yin，an official with the water authority，said shanghais water consumption will not increase from its present amount.zhang yue，director of the urban construction division under the ministry of construction，said，“shanghai is the first city in the country to publicize these ambitions.they will not be easy to achieve.”he said water saving will help keep the sustainable development of chinas economy.saving one cubic meter of water means saving the citys infrastructure(基础设施) costs by 10,000 yuan.last year，shanghai saved 300 million cubic meters of water either from readjustment of industrial structure or the employment of new technology.“the_aim is to arouse public awareness of the seriousness of water shortage，” chen said，“the abundant surface water and amount of rain of the city are so misleading that they result in improper use of water.”shanghai lacks drinkable water.the huangpu river，which supplies 80 percent of the citys drinkable water，is nearing exhaustion.the city，therefore，has been exploring new sources from the yangtze river and growing forests along it to conserve quality water.besides penning regulations，the authority is popularizing technology among the public to efficiently cut the amount of water used.at present，the city has 600,000 family toilets，each using 13 liters of water per flush.these are to be renovated(整修) to use only 9 liters of water per flush.the authority is renovating the first 200 toilets for householdsat a cost of 40 yuan each.in three years，all the toilets will be renovated，which saves the city nearly 15 million yuan every year in water conservation.another task the city is engaged in is the treatment of sewage(污水) to improve the water environment.at present the city can only treat 44 percent of its daily 5.04 million tons of waste water.to meet the total demand,27 more sewagetreatment factories are to be established with an estimated investment of 18 billion yuan.41the people in shanghai get their daily water mainly from _