山东省郯城第三中学高中英语 语法复习 典型习题.doc

山东省郯城第三中学高中英语 语法复习 典型习题1the olympic games, _ in 776 b.c,didt include women players until 1919.a.first playing b.to be first played c.first played d.to be first playing析：根据题干，必须选表示被动的选项，故排除a、d；因b选项表“将要被举行”意，不合题干之用，只有c选项（相当于which was first played）才合用。2european football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.a.making b.makes c.made d.to make析：b、c是谓语动词，在此不可用。d项to make或表目的，或表“将要使得”，这都不合题干情景。只有a.making,可作状语，表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例：the bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻，因而耽误了。3little jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.a.to be taken b.to take c.being taken d.taking析：根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项，c、d应排除。take后无宾语，必然要用被动式，故答案为a。4john was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.a.to wash b.washing c.wash d.to be washing析：根据be made to do sth.句式，可定答案为a。5the patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.a.to eat not b.eating not c.not to eat d.not eating析：根据warn sb.(not)to do sth.句式，可排除b、d两项；又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律，又可排除a，而定c。6i usually go there by train. why not _ by boat for a change?a.to try going b.trying to go c.to try and go d.try going析：此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为d。若将b项改为try to go，则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容，乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样，所以答案仍为d。7_ a reply,he decided to write again.a.not receiving b.receiving not c.not having received d.having not received析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，b、d皆为错误形式。a项不能表达先于decided的动作，只有选c项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以c为正确答案。8charles babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.a.to invent b.inventing c.to have invented d.having mvented析：consider表“考虑”意时，其后动词用doing形式，此处不表“考虑”，而表“认为”，这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式。据此可排除b、d两个选项。又因a表“要发明”意，不合题用，只有c表“发明了”意，才合题用，故选c。9most of the artists _ to the party were from south africa.a.invited b.to invite c.being invited d.had been invited析：“被邀请参加晚会”，应选表被动意的选项，b不可用。d项少引导词who，也应排除。又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语，c也应排除，只有a.invited(who were invited)才是正确答案。10the murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back.a.being tied b.having tied c.to be tired d.tied析：b表主动意，应排除。c表“将要被捆绑”，a表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意，只有d项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思，符合题干情景。再看一类似例句： he came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了进来。二、历届高考试题分析例1、the discovery of new evidence led to _.a. the thief having caught b. catch the thiefc. the thief being caught d. the thief to be caught答案为c。【解析】 lead to这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是b被排除，the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除a。常见的带介词to的短语有：(get) be used to, look forward to，look up to, stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。例2、though _money, his parents managed to send him to university.a. lacked b. lacking of c. lacking d. lacked in答案为c。 【解析】 lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。his parents与lack是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是设法让他上了大学。例3、he got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity.a. to lose b. losing c. to be lost d. being lost答案：b例5、_ into use in april 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. a. put b. putting c. having put d. being put答案：a 【解析】 put sth. into use “让投入使用”。显然，put 和句子主语the hotline 构成被动关系，所以用表示被动的过去分词。例6、it was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars.a. had b. having c. to have d. have答案：c【解析】 动词不定式充当目的状语。例7、with a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.a. settled b. settling c. to settle d. being settled 答案为c 【解析】动词不定式to settle作为difficult problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题，现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在解决的难题。例8、more and more people are signing up for yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.a. taking b. taken c. having taken d. having been taken答案：a【解析】 take advantage of （利用）和句子主语more and more people 构成主动关系，且和句子谓语sign up for (报名参加)同时发生，所以选择a。例9、 sandy could do nothing but _ to his teacher that he was wrong.a. admit b. admitted c. admitting d. to admit答案为a。【解析】 该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to的不定式；是其他动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是 could do nothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。例10、 he sent me an e-mail, _ to get further information.a. hoped b. hoping c. to hope d. hope答案为b。【解析】 现在分词hoping表示与send me an e-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：he sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一词，如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：he sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。练习1._ more attention,the trees could have grown better.a.to give b.having given c.given d.giving2.the first textbooks _ for teaching english as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.a.to be written b.written c.being written d.having written3.the missing boys were last seen _ near the river.a.to play b.play c.to be playing d.playing4._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.a.to lose b.lost c.having lost d.losing5.when passing me he pretended _ me.a.to see b.not having seen c.to have not seen d.not to have seen6.the children insisted _ there on foot.a.they going b.they would go c.on their going d.going7.he still remembers _ to shanghai when he was very young.a.taking b.being taken c.taken d.having taken8._ the railway station,we had a break,only _ the train had left.a.arriving at;to find b.coming to;discovering thatc.on arriving at;finding out d.hurrying to;to have found out9.with the boy _ the way,we had no trouble _ the way _ to zhongshan park.a.leading;finding;leading b.to lead;found;to lead c.led;finding;led d.leading;found;led10._ these pictures,i couldnt help thinking of those days when i was in being and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,beijing looks more beautiful.a.seeing;seen b.seen;seeing c.seeing;seeing d.seen;seen11.i can hardly imagine peter _ across the atlantic ocean in five days.a.to have sailed b.to sail c.sailing d.sail12.if you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air _ against your face.a.moved b.moving c.moves d.to move13._ is known to all,china will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time.a.that;advancing b.this;advanced c.as;advanced d.it;advancing14.while shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.a.persuade b.persuading c.being persuaded d.be persuaded15.there was terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light.a.followed b.following c.to be followed d.being followed16.please excuse my _ in without _ .a.come;permitted b.coming;permitted c.comimg;being permitted d.to come;being permitted17._ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _ then.a.holding;being held b.held;holding c.having held;held d.held;to be held18.did you hear her _ this pop song this time the other day?yes,and i heard this song _ in english.a.sing;singing b.sung;sung c.sung;singing d.singing;sung19.the question _ now at the meeting is not the question _ yesterday.a.discussed;discussed b.discussing;had discussed c.being discussed;discussed d.discussing;discussing20.with the cooking _ ,i went on _ some sewing.a.done;to do b.being done;doing c.to be done;doing d.to have done;doing21.it is no use _ your past mistakes.a. regretting b. regret c. to regret d. regretted22.her husband died in 1980 and had nothing _ to her,only _ her five children.a.left;to leave b.leaving;leaving c.leaving;left d.left;leaving23.i am very busy.i have a very difficult problem _ .a.to work b.to work out c.to be worked out d.to work it out24.i would appreciate _ back this affernoon.a.you to call b.you call c.your calling d.youre calling25.climbing mountains was _ ,so we all felt _ .a.tiring;tired b.tired;tiring c.tiring;tiring d.tired;tired26.i saw some villagers _ on the bench at the end of the room.a.seating b.seat c.seated d.seated themselves27.she was glad to see her child well _ care of.a.take b.to be taken c.taken d.taking28.it is one of the important problems _ tomorrow.a.to solve b.to be solved c.solved d.solving29._ maps properly,you need a special pen.a.drawn b.drawing c.to draw d.be drawing30.there is a river _ around our school.a.to run b.run c.running d.to be running31.how about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?a.to take b.take c.taking d.to be taken32.i was fortunate to pick up a wallet _ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,i found my colour tv set. _ when i got home.a.lying;stolen b.laying;stealing c.lay;stolen d.lying;stealing33.whth the kindhearted boy _ me with my work,im sure ill be able to spare time _ with your work.a.to help;help you out b.helping;helping you c.helped;to help you out d.to help;to help you34.greatly movedd by her words, _ .a.tears came to his eyes b .he could hardly hold back his tearsc. tears could hardly be held back d. his eyes were filled with tears.35.i hope the children wont touch the dog.ive warned them _ .a.not b.not to c.not touch d.not do36.i would love _ to the party last night but i had to work extra hours to finish a report.a.to go b.to have gone c.going d.having gone37.when _ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.a.been asked b.asked c.asking d.to be asked38.the man kept silent in the room unless _ .a.spoken to b.spoke to c.spoken d.to speak39.he was often listened _ in the next room.a.sing b.sung c.to sing d.to to sing40.rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle.a.ride;ride b.riding;ride c.ride;to ride d.to ride;riding41.the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _ .a.not to b.not to do c.not do it d.do not to42.whats troubling them is _ enough experienced workers.a.that they have to b.they have not c.their not having d.not their having43._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with bill.a.not knowing b.knowing not c.not having known d.having not know44.bamboo is used _ houses in some places .a.to build b.to building c.to be built d.being built45.go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.a.to do b.doing c.with d.to be doing46.the day we looked forward to _ .a.come b.coming c.has come d.have come47.whom would you rather _ the work?a.to have to do b.to have do c.have to do d.have do48.do you think it any good _ with him again?a.to talk b.talking c.to talking d.having talked49.sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before _ .a.accepting fully b.being fully accepted c.fully accepting d.fully being accepted50.the government forbids _ such bad books.a.published b.to publish c.publish d.publishing1.most of the people _ to the party were famous scientists.a. invited b. to invite c. being invited d. inviting2. _ many times, but he still couldnt understand it .a. having being told b. though had been told c. he was toldd. having told3. she reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path .a.to have rested b. testing c. to rest d. rest4. the next morning she found the man _ in bed , dead .a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying5. the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _ it more difficult .a. to make b. not to make c. not making d. to not make6 . the olympic games , _ in 776 b.c., did not include women plays until 1912 .a.first playing b.to be first played c. first played d. to be first playing7 . -you were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting .- well , now i regret _that .a. to do b. to be doing c. to have done d. having done8 . the visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _ that he had enjoyed his stay here .a. having added b. to add c. adding d. added9 . _ a reply , he decided to write again .a. not receiving b. receiving not c. not having received d. having not received10.the speaker raised his voice, but he still couldnt make himself _ .a. hear b. to hear c. hearing d. heardrobert is said _ abroad , but i dont know what country be studied in .to have studied b. to study c. to be studying d. to have been studying第三节 巩固练习direction: beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the best answer that completes the sentence.1. _ anything about the accident ,he went to work as usual. a. not known b. known not c. knowing not d. not knowing2. have you decided when_? yes, tomorrow morning. a. to leave b. to be leaving c. will you leave d. are you leaving3. i really enjoy_ that kind of job. a. do b. doing c. to do d. to be doing4. theres a hole in your bag. l know. i am going to have it_. a. mend b. mending c. mended d. to be mended5. the next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead. a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying6. tell him_ the window. a. to shut not b. not to shut c. to not shut d. not shut7. the furniture _on october 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident . a. being delivered b. having delivered c. having been delivered d. delivered8. he had his leg_ in the match yesterday. a. to break b. broken c. break d. breaking9. i cant imagine_ that with them. a. do b. to do c. being done d. doing10. most of the people_ to the party were famous scientists. a. invited b. to invite c. being invited d. inviting11. good morning. can i help you? id like to have this package_, madam. a. be weighed b. to be weighed c. to weigh d. weighed12. slowly she opened the letter, _. a. her hands trembled slightly b. slightly her hands were trembledc. her hands slightly trembling c. trembling her hands slightly13. all _will be present at the conference . a. parties concerned b. parties concerning c. concerned parties d. concerning parties14. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. a. given b. to give c. giving d. having given15. she reached the top of the hill and stopped_ on a big rock by the side of the path. a. to have rested b. resting c. to rest d. rest16. last summer i took a course on_. a. how to make dresses b. how dresses be made c. how to be made dresses d. how dresses to be made17. the murderer was brought in, with his hands_ behind his back. a. being tied b. having tied c. to be tied d. tied18. the secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. a. to prepare b. preparing c. prepared d. was preparing19. i can hardly imagine peter_ across the atlantic ocean in five days. a. sail b. to sail c. sailing d. to have sailed20. the light in the office is still on. oh, i forgot_. a. turning it off b. turn it off c. to turn it off d. having turned it off21. the olympic games, _ in 776 b.c., did not include women players until 1912. a. first playing b. to be first played c. first played d. to be first playing22. not having finished his homework, _ to watch the game. a. so he was forbidden b. he forbadec. he was forbidden d. mother forbid him23. the _ world population is the result of recent advances in medical science. a. increased b. increase c. being increasing d. increasing24. _ it with me and ill see what i can do. a. when left b. leaving c. if you leave d. leave25. cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hour. a. pay b. paying c. paid d. to pay26. european football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. a. making b. makes c. made d. to make27. robert is said_ abroad, but i dont know what country he studied in. a. to have studied b. to study c. to be studying d. to have been studying28. the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. a. not make b. not to make c. not making d. do not make29. when i got back home i saw a message pinned to the door, _ “sorry to miss you; will call later.” a. read b. reads c. to read d. reading30. ive worked with children before, so i know what_ in my new job. a. expected b. to expect c. to be expecting d. expects31. it is impossible to avoid _by advertisements in a modern society.a. to be influenced b. being influenced c. to influence d. influenced32. some people believe that some numbers show the _side of a persons personality. a. hiding b. hid