高考英语试题分项版解析Ⅰ专题13 交际用语（学生版）.doc

2012年全国及各地高考英语分类精品解析系列简介单项选择题分类解析系列专题01单项选择题分类解析（冠词、名词和主谓一致）专题02单项选择题分类解析（代词）专题03单项选择题分类解析（介词和介词短语）专题04单项选择题分类解析（形容词和副词）专题05单项选择题分类解析（动词和动词短语）专题06单项选择题分类解析（动词的时态和语态）专题07单项选择题分类解析（情态动词和虚拟语气）专题08单项选择题分类解析（非谓语动词）专题09单项选择题分类解析（定语从句）专题10单项选择题分类解析（连词和状语从句）专题11单项选择题分类解析（名词性从句）专题12单项选择题分类解析（特殊句式）专题13单项选择题分类解析（交际用语）完形填空题分类解析系列专题01记叙文完形填空专题02夹叙夹议完形填空阅读理解题分类解析系列专题01人物传记、故事类阅读理解专题02新闻报道、广告类阅读理解专题03社会生活、说理议论类阅读理解专题04科普类阅读理解专题05新题型阅读理解书面表达题分类及选择讲评专题01书面表达题分类及选择讲评（文字提纲式）专题02书面表达题分类及选择讲评（图画式）专题03书面表达题分类及选择讲评（开放式）交际用语在高考中的考查重点：1.日常交际应答语应答对方的感谢； 应答对方的道歉； 应答对方的劝告和建议；应答对方的请求； 应答对方的要求； 应答对方的邀请；应答对方的祝愿、祝贺；应答对方的鼓励和赞扬；应答对方的帮助。3.日常交际问答问候；问时间、日期；打电话；购物；问路。4.几个常考的交际用语解题的方法：在重点掌握基础知识的基础上，考生还要注意平时的积累。同时在解题时要做到“四忌”。“一忌”上词下用上词下用指的是答句部分延用了题干句子的重点词、信息词，按表层意思似乎合情合理，但往往为错误的“虚像”，需经进一步分析后才能确定正确选项。典型的例子如用“i dont”应答“dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，用“dont be sorry”回答“im sorry i broke your mirror”，以及用“no thanks”回答“thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”等。如何避免“上词下用”的误区，一是确认题目涉及的交际功能项目，二是确认句子上下文语境，三是确认正确的话语方式。请看下例：i wonder if i could use your telephone. _.a.i wonder how b.i dont wonder c. sorry, its out of order d. no wonder, here it is“二忌”中文思维与上词下用比较，这一误区更具迷惑力，因为无论按题目内容或是按思维方式来考虑，都非常符合中国学生的习惯。显然，掌握英汉两种语言和文化之间的相同和相异之处，对于准确解题至关重要。考生解题失误之一是按汉语的表达方式和结构去套英语，去选答案，这属于语言知识的“负迁移”。请看下例：do you think its going to rain over the weekend? _.a.i dont believe b.i dont believe it c.i believe not so d.i believe not “三忌”直接回绝情景对话题不同于语法选择题，语法上正确的、汉语上讲得通的不一定是正确答案。情景对话的正确回答必须遵循“委婉、客气、礼貌”的原则，被询问者要根据实际情况作出回答。请看以下例子： i didnt know this was a one-way street, officer. _ a. thats all right. b.i dont believe you. c. how dare you say that? d. sorry, but thats no excuse. “四忌”答非所问应该说答非所问的错误比较容易察觉，如果问话与答话的内容风牛马不相及的话，考生可以迅速排除。但有时双方会话内容有所关联，但仔细推敲发现其实答语并不切题。最典型的例子是with pleasure和its a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客气”。请看下例：sorry, i couldnt come to the party. i was sick that day._.a.i dont know that b. thats all right c. yes, well have another party d. no, the party wasnt held【解析】a、b和d三项均明显地答非所问，与问句无关；只有c项能够作出直接的答复。1.(2012课标卷) 21.which one of these do you want? either will do .a. i dont mind b. im surec. no problem d. go ahead【答案与解析】3.(2012大纲卷) 20.try not to work yourself too hard . take it easy. thanks ._a. so what ? b. no way c. what for ? d. you too. 【答案与解析】4.(2012天津卷) 1.can i have a day off tomorrow, mr. johnson?_. i can manage without you.a. forget it b. im afraid notc. it dependsd. of course【答案与解析】6.(2012重庆卷)26.the modern art exhibition in the city museum has been canceled. oh, no! _. a. its a pity b. it doesnt matter c.i knew it already d. its not interesting at all【答案与解析】7.(2012重庆卷)35.look, here comes your dream girl. invite her to dance._ what if she refuses me?a.i dont know. b. why me? c. with pleasure. d. so what?【答案与解析】8.(2012安徽卷) 22.may i help you? you seem to be having some problems. , thanks. i think i can manage. a. all right b. no problem c. its all right d. theres no way 【答案与解析】10.(2012福建卷) 21. what are you going to do this weekend? _. if time permits, i may go to shanghai with my friends.a. dont mention it b. it doesnt matter c. forget itd. it depends【答案与解析】11.(2012江苏卷)24.dont worry, mum. the doctor said it was only the flu. _! ill tell dad theres nothing serious. a. what a relief b. congratulations c. how surprising d. im so sorry 【答案与解析】13.(2012江西卷)27. have you paid? whats my share of the bill? . it wasnt very much.a. dont worry about it.b. its my sharec. none of your business.d. its up to you.【答案与解析】14.(2012辽宁卷)23. im terribly sorry to interrupt, but may i use your phone? its rather urgent. yes, . a. with pleasure b. no burry c. it doesnt matter d. of course【答案与解析】15.(2012山东卷) 22. sorry im late. i got stuck in traffic. _. youre here now. come in and sit down. a. you are welcomeb. thats right c. i have no idead. never mind【答案与解析】17.(2012四川卷) 1.excuse me. how much is the shirt? _.a. extra large b. 50 each c. it sells well d. altogether there are 5 【答案与解析】18.(2012四川卷) 3.goodbye, john. come back again sometime.sure. _.a. i did b. i do c. i s