名词性从句详解PPT课件.ppt

Grammar 1 名词性从句 2 3 种类 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 4 1 Thephotographswillshowyou A whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB whatourvillagelookslikeC howdoesourvillagelooklikeD howourvillagelookslike2 Youcanhardlyimagine whenheheardthenews A howhewasexcitedB howwasheexcitedC howexcitedhewasD hewashowexcited 语序问题 5 3 Heasked foraviolin A didIpayhowmuchB IpaidhowmuchC howmuchdidIpayD howmuchIpaid4 Icouldn tunderstand withme A thematterwaswhatB whatthematterwasC whatwasthematterD thatwasthematter 结论 名词性从句应选用陈述句语序 6 关联词 7 名词性从句的连接词 一 主语从句 一般位于句首 1 连词that 无词义 不作成分 不能省略 whether 是否 不用if Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion Itmadetheman swifeannoyedthat Itwasnotcertainwhether ifhewitnessedtheaccident 注意 已确定的事由that引导 没决定的事由whether引导当it作形式主语的时候 whetherif都可以 8 3 连接副词when ever where ever why how ever howlong howoften howsoon howfar howmany much等 Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon 2 连接代词what whatever who m whoever whose which whichever等 Whatwasmostimportanttoher shetoldme washerfamily Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout 9 1 Ican tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind 2 theearthisroundisknowntousall 归纳 What That 连词 在从句中不作成分 不含有疑问意义 而 在从句中作成分 常含有疑问意义 that what 10 youdon tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness A WhatB WhoC ThatD Whether2 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent A WhatB ThatC ThefactD Thematter3 wecan tgetseemsbetterthan wehave A What whatB What thatC That thatD That what 11 1 主语从句通常被看作一个整体 主句的谓语动词用单数形式 Thattheywillcomeiscertain 2 由who whoever引导的主语从句 主句谓语动词的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定 Whoeversaythataretobepunished Whoheisdoesn tconcernme 3 What引导主语从句时 主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定 Whathewantsarethesebooks Whathewantsissomewater 主语从句的主谓一致 12 宾语从句 Idon tknowwhetherornotTomwillturenupatthemeeting Everythingdependsonwhetheryouareforit Wethinkitpossiblethatyoucanfinishtheworktoday 13 二 宾语从句 注 多个并列的宾语从句 只有第一个宾从的that可省 有插入语时不能省略that Hesaid that hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone Wedecided inviewof 考虑到 hisspecialcircumstances thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationary 试用的 period 14 当that引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个成分时 需用先行词it作形式宾语 把从句放到句末 that不能省略 Weconsideritpossiblethatheisill Ifeelitapitythatshecan tcome IhearditsaidthathehadgonetoAustralia Hemadeitclearthatheobjectedtotheplan 15 2 由wh 疑问词引导 1 Wefullyunderstoodwhathemeant Whateverhedoeshedoeswell 2 Pleasetellmewhichismine 3 Ididn tknowwhowouldcaccompanyyoutotheconcerttonight Wewillchoosewhoeverisfit 4 DoyouknowwhoseT shirtitis 1 Goandaskwhyhewaslateyesterday 2 Iaskedhowhewasgettingon 3 Wehaven tdecidedwhenwewillsetoffforhome HeaskedmewhetherornotIwasbusy 16 1 介词后的宾语从句 Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow 2 whether ornot的宾语从句 Idon tknowwhetherornotshe lllikeit 3 动词不定式只能用whether Idon tknowwhethertobelievehim 但 宾语从句否定时常用if引导 Heaskedifyouwouldnotgoandseehim whether与if有时可以换用 但下列情况只能用whether 17 另附 1 主语从句置于句首Whethershelikesthepresentisnotcleartome 2 表语从句MymainproblemrightnowiswhetherIshouldaskforanotherloan 贷款 3 同位语从句Answermyquestionwhetheryouarecoming 4 另附 只用whether不用if 18 1 Idon tknow I llbefreetomorrow 2 Idon tknow ornotI llbefreetomorrow 3 Thequestionis thisbookisworthwriting 4 Itdependson wewillhaveenoughmoney 5 theycandoitmatterslittletous 6 Themanageraskedmethequestion Iwouldliketobehissecretary 7 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou whether if whether whether whether Whether If 用if或whether填空 whether 19 三 表语从句 表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同 that引导无意义 不充当成分 不能省 wh 等连接副词引导 根据句意判断 但 1 that引导表语从句时不能省 2 if不能引导表语从句 3 seem appear后可接that引导的从句 而look则不可 这三个词后都可用asif asthough because引导表语从句 Thatisbecausehedidn tknowtherule Itseems appearsthathewaslateforthetrainyesterday Itseems appears looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot 20 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarwentwronghalfway 四 同位语从句 that引导 无意义 不充当成分 wh 等连接副词引导根据句意判断 同位语从句一般跟在名词fact news promise truth belief thought idea answer information knowledge doubthope law opinion plan suggestion后面 用以说明或解释前面的名词 21 注 1 that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别 引导同位语从句的that无实际意义 不作从句的任何成分 而引导定语从句的that是从句中的某个成分 Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwonthematch Hetoldmethenewsthatwasveryexciting 2 在havenoidea之后常用wh 引导同位语从句 Ihavenoideawherehehasgone Ihavenoideawhenhedidit Ihavenoideawhathedid 22 wh ever与nomatterwh 引导名词性从句与让步状语从句的比较 Who what表具体的概念或表特指 而whoever与whatever表示的是笼统的概念或泛指 拓展 23 1 Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof sharesherinterests A anyoneB whomeverC whoeverD nomatterwho2 Thesewildflowersaresospecial Iwoulddo Icantosavethem A whateverB thatC whichD whichever3 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants A howeverB whateverC whicheverD whenever4 leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights A AnyoneB ThepersonC WhoeverD Who 24 另外 在名词性从句的复习过程中 我们还须特别注意以下问题 填空 Thereason wedidn ttrusthimis hehasoftenlied reason后面的表语从句通常用that引导 不能用why引导 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导 25 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用a 在动词insist urge order command request require demand desire suggest advise propose recommend等后面的宾语从句中 b 在名词order command request requirement demand desire suggestion advice proposal recommendation等后面的表语从句或同位语从句中 这类名词性从句中的谓语动词都用 should do 26 eg Isuggestthatwe should goshopping Mysuggestionisthatwe should goshopping Iputforwardsuggestionthatwe should goshopping 27 巩固练习 1 Thequestionis thefilmisworthseeing A ifB whatC whetherD how2 Oneofthemenheldtheview thebooksaidwasright A thatwhatB whatthatC thatD whether 28 3 Dr BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge Ican tremember A whereB thereC whichD that4 Energyis makesthingswork A whatB everythingC somethingD anything 29 5 Thereason Ihavetogois mymotherisillinbed A why whyB why becauseC why thatD that