2019_2020学年高中英语Unit3CelebrationPeriodSeven练习（含解析）北师大版必修1.docx

PeriodSevenGrammarThepassive () &Modalverbs感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题(一)1.Every year in September or October，the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.2.In the old days，dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people.3.The house was being painted white when I was there.4.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what isbeing discussed now in the secret room.5.A talk on how to learn English will be given in the school meeting hall tomorrow afternoon.6.So far no letter has been received from my friends.1.句1是一般现在时的被动语态。2.句2是一般过去时的被动语态。3.句3是过去进行时的被动语态。4.句4是现在进行时的被动语态。5.句5是一般将来时的被动语态。6.句6是现在完成时的被动语态。(二)1.The bridegroom has to ask the brides father for his daughters hand in marriage.2.He doesnt/didnt have to contribute a lot of money.3.And what kind of present do I have to take?4.That cant be Maryshes in hospital.5.There is someone outsidewho can it be?6.Can you speak Spanish?7.If you really want to see it，you ought to ask first.8.There is a box at the entrance to the reception and you ought to put money into it!1.句1中haveto强调客观上的必要性，常译为“不得不”。2.在句2、句3中haveto的否定和疑问形式需要借助助动词do/does/did，而且有数和时态的变化。3.句4、句5中can表示推测；句6中can表示一般性的能力。4.oughtto在句7中表示“建议或劝告”，在句8中表示“义务或责任”。一、被动语态(一)概念语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。(二)被动语态的构成被动语态的基本构成形式是：be及物动词的过去分词。不及物动词没有被动语态。下面为各种时态的被动语态形式：一般现在时：am/is/are过去分词一般过去时：was/were过去分词现在进行时：am/is/arebeing过去分词过去进行时：was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时：have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时：hadbeen过去分词一般将来时：will/shall/begoingto/betobe过去分词过去将来时：wouldbe过去分词Englishisspokenallovertheworld.全世界都讲英语。(一般现在时的被动语态)Hewascaughtbythepolicefordrunkdriving.他因为酒驾而被警察抓了。(一般过去时的被动语态)HerfavoriteTVplayisbeingshownonTV.她最喜爱的电视剧正在电视上放映。(现在进行时的被动语态)Thebridgewasbeingrepairedwhentheywenttotheriverbanklasttime.上次他们去河边时，那座桥正在维修。(过去进行时的被动语态)Hishomeworkhasbeenfinishedandhecangoouttoplaywithotherboys.他的作业已经完成，他可以出去跟其他男孩玩了。(现在完成时的被动语态)Allhadbeendonebeforehearrived.他来之前所有的事都已经做了。(过去完成时的被动语态)Whowillbesenttheretowork?谁要被派去那儿工作？(一般将来时的被动语态)Hetoldmenothingwouldbedonetostophimfromgoingthere.他告诉我什么也不能阻止他去那儿。(过去将来时的被动语态)(三)被动语态的特殊结构形式1.情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebabysitter.这个婴儿应该得到保姆的精心照顾。2.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.他的母亲送给他一个生日礼物。3.当“动词宾语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.有人正好撞见这个男孩在抽烟。4.在使役动词have，make，let以及感官动词see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.有人看见一个陌生人走进这幢大楼。5.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。Thisaccidenthasbeenlookedinto.这起事故已经被调查。注意含有“动词名词介词”(如makeuseof，payattentionto，takecareof等)的主动句变为被动句时，有两种方法：一是把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语；二是把固定动词词组中的名词变为被动句的主语。Youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.Yourpronunciationshouldbepaidattentionto.Attentionshouldbepaidtoyourpronunciation.你应该注意你的发音。6.“get过去分词”也可表示被动语态。Hewasknockeddownbyacarandgotkilled.他被一辆汽车撞死了。(四)主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物，后面常跟一个副词。Thiskindofclothwasheswell.这种布料很耐洗。2.有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，look等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由听起来有道理。3.在need，want，require等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。Thismachineneedsrepairing/toberepaired.这台机器需要修理。4.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式。Thebookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一读。5.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon.(todo与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)今天下午我有许多事情要做。6.在“be性质形容词不定式”结构中，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，形容词说明不定式的特性，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有easy，hard，difficult，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.这个问题很难解决。二、情态动词(一)haveto/donthavetohaveto表示“不得不，必须”，指在客观条件下不得不去做某事；否定式donthaveto，表示“没必要，不必”，构成疑问句时，要借助助动词do。Thelastbusleft，andhehadtowalkhome.最后一班公共汽车开走了，他只好步行回家。Itisapitythatweshallhavetoleavetomorrow.我们明天必须离开，真是遗憾。(haveto表示客观上“不得不”)Youdonthavetoleavesoearly.你没有必要出发这么早。(donthavetoneednt没有必要)(二)can/cant1.表示能力，could是can的过去式。ShecansingthatsonginEnglish.她能用英文唱那首歌。Mysoncouldreadandwritewhenhewasfour.我儿子在4岁时就能读能写了。2.表示请求，could不是can的过去式，而是表示更委婉的语气，主要用于疑问句(回答时应用can)。Canyoutellmehowtogettotheairport?你能告诉我怎么去机场吗？CouldIborrowyourcar?Yes，ofcourseyoucan.我能借用你的汽车吗？是的，当然可以。3.表示许可。Youcanparkyourcarhere.你可以把车停在这里。4.表示理论上的可能性(即从理论上看是可能的，但实际未必会发生)，或表示“有时”之意。Evenexperiencedteacherscanmakemistakes.即使是有经验的教师也可能会犯错。Shecanbeveryunpleasant.她有时很令人讨厌。5.表示推测，could比can的可能性要弱。Ithinktheworkcanbecompletedaheadoftime.我认为这项工作能提前完成。若表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测，用“can/couldnothave过去分词”。Mikecanthavefoundhiscar，forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为今天早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。(三)oughtto/oughtnotto1.表示义务或责任，意为“应该”。Yououghttoworkhard.你应该努力工作。2.表示建议或劝告，意为“应该”。Weoughtnttotakerisks.我们不宜冒险。3.表示对现在或将来某种可能性的推测，这种推测是可信的。AskJohn.Heoughttoknow.问问约翰吧，他应该知道。4.“oughttohavedone”结构相当于“shouldhavedone”结构，表示“本应该做某事而事实上并没有做”，其否定结构表示“不该做某事实际上却做了”。Yououghtto/shouldhaveaskedhim.你本该问他的。Weoughtntto/shouldnthavetoldhimthenews.我们本不应该告诉他这个消息。.用所给词的正确形式或情态动词填空1.Iwasshocked(shock) whenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.(2018浙江)2.Mywashingmachineisbeingrepaired(repaire) thisweek，soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.(2018天津)3.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotographtaken(take).(2018天津)4.Icantfindmypurse(钱包).Icouldhaveleftitinthesupermarketyesterday，butImnotsure.(2018天津)5.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohadbeentrapped(trap) inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018北京)6.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotswept(sweep) intoapileofkitchenrubbish.(2017浙江)7.Inthe1950sintheUSA，mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome，andwirelessphones(无线电话) hadntbeeninvented(not，invent) yet.(2017北京)8.Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，isregarded(regard) asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.(2017天津)9.Samuel，thetallestboyinourclass，caneasilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.(2017北京)10.Iwasallowed(allow) togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.(2016全国)11.Georgecanthavegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.(2016浙江)12.Thegiantpandaisloved(love) bypeoplethroughouttheworld.(2016四川)13.Itwasreallyannoying；Icouldntgetaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.(2016天津)14.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreementhasbeenreached(reach) sofarbythetwosides.(2015天津).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareforcooking.(2016全国，短文改错)2.Wecanbetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.(2016全国，短文改错)3.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriousproblem.(2015全国，短文改错)4.TeainChinawastraditionallyfromcupswithouthandles.(2013新课标全国，短文改错)5.Meanwhile，IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImakemytoyslast.(2012新课标全国，短文改错).用所给词的正确形式填空1.Books，pencils，ink，andsoonaresold(sell) inthisshop.2.Aconcertwasgiven(give) herebyLangLanglastweekend.3.Yourcarmustntbeparked(park) here.4.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryhasntbeendecided(not，decide) yet.5.Hewasmadetowork(work) formorethanninehoursaday.6.Morethan100liveshavebeensaved(save) bythedoctorsincehebegantowork.7.Pleasewaitaminute.Yourbikeisbeingmended(mend) now.8.Anothernewroadwillbebuilt(build) herenextyear.完成句子9.Yououghtto/shouldtakegoodcareofyourself.你应该照顾好自己。10.Thatcantbemygrandfatherhesinhospital.那不可能是我爷爷他在住院。11.Wedonthaveto/needntrushtheresplentyoftime.我们不必着急有的是时间。12.Jimcanbeveryannoying.吉姆有时候会很烦人。13.Itrainedheavily，sothechildrenhadtostayathome.雨下得很大，所以孩子们不得不待在家里。基础巩固.用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Didyouenjoytheparty?Yes.Weweretreated(treat) wellbyourhosts.2.Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuilt(build) onthemooninyearstocome.3.Ihavealettertowrite(write).Icantgooutwithyou.4.Asaresultoftheseriousflood，two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedrepairing/toberepaired(repair).5.Itisthefirsttimethathehascomehereandnowitishightimethathewasshowed/shouldbeshowed(show) around.6.Comeandlook.Whathashappened(happen) totheflowers?7.Thoughsmall，theorangessell(sell) well，becausetheytaste(taste) nice.8.WillShirleyholdthepartyinhernewhousetonight?No.Itisbeingpainted(paint) atpresent.9.ShakespearesplayHamlethasbeenmade(make) intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.10.Hurryup！Thereisnotimetogetchanged(change).完成句子11.Icantplaybasketballnow，butIcouldwhenIwasyoung.现在我不会打篮球了，但年轻的时候我会。12.Itstoolate；Ihavetogohomenow.天太晚了，我现在得回家了。13.Youdonthaveto/needntfinishtheworknow.你没有必要现在完成这项工作。14.Yououghtto/shouldbemorecarefulnexttime.下次你应该更小心才是。15.Heoughtnotto/shouldntbeabsentfromsuchanimportantmeeting.他不应该缺席这么重要的会议。能力提升.七选五Itcanbedifficulttomeetnewpeopleandmakefriends，especiallywhenyoumovetoanewcityorfindyourselfoutofyourcomfortzone.Howwillyoudealwiththesituation？16Thereareseveralwaysthatyoucanmeetpeoplethatyoumightnothaveconsideredinthepast.17Youprobablyhaveseveralacquaintancesthatyouseeonadailybasisoraweeklybasis.Ifyougetalongwellwithcertainpeople，youcanseeifthisacquaintancewouldliketogooutanddosomethingsociallywithyou.Ifyouhavecommoninterests，youmightsuggestthatthetwoofyoudosomethingtogetherthatinvolvesyourinterest.Makeanefforttoacceptinvitations.Sometimespeoplethatyouknowmaybehavingabarbecueorothertypeofsocialgathering.Trytoensurethatyouareabletoattendandthenshowupattheappointedtime.18Ifyoumeetpeoplethatyouclickwith，youcanmakeaplantoseethemagaininthefutureoryoucaninviteyourfriendstoyourowneventandaskthemtoextendtheinvitationtothefriendsthatwereattheirgatheringtoo.Goout，evenwhenyoudontfeellikeit.Itturnsoutthatwhenpeopleinvitesomeonetojoi