完形填空.doc

新课标高考英语完形填空6大解题技巧(一)利用文章首句解题完形填空首句一般不设空，而首句往往是了解全文的窗口，依据首句所给的信息常常可以看出文章的体裁和背景，从而有利于快速把握文章的主旨大意。文章第一句往往是完形填空做题的切入点，开始几个空往往与首句有密切关系。典例(2013山东高考)I used to be a very selfcentered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people _36_ I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a _37_ person.36A.sinceBbefore Cor Dunless37A.famous Bsimple Cdifferent Dskilled分析：36、37题可利用文章首句解题。通过首句并结合全文可知，本文为记叙文，主要讲述了“我”个人思想的转变。通过首句“我以前是个以自我为中心的人，但是在过去两年里我真正变了”可以推知前两空所在句的含义分别为“我开始在为自己考虑之前，先考虑他人”，“我很高兴我变成一个不同的人”。由此可知36题答案为B,37题答案为C。(二)利用上下文语境解题上下文是形成语境的基础，做题时要学会瞻前顾后，要做到词不离句、句不离段、段不离文。因为，有时如果单独看空格，看似几个选项填入空格都没有错，句子也通顺，但结合全文内容来理解，就只有一个最佳答案。典例(2013山东高考)At first, I just wanted to get my _39_degree_ and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever _40_talked_ to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really _41_lonely_. It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) _42_experiment_. I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I _43_offered_ to help. That was really a big _44_ for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of _45_them_ are still my best friends today.44A.dream Bproblem Cduty Dstep分析：选D本题必须结合上下文语境才能正确解题。由上文知作者以前几乎从不和班里任何人交流，而现在却主动询问别人有什么困难需要帮助，所以这对作者来说是一大“步”，所以填step。(三)利用逻辑关系解题逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而确定正确选项。1句中逻辑关系典例(2013新课标全国卷)I tried to find a _47_comfortable_ position and thought it might be restful，_48_ kind of nice, to be _49_pushed_ around for a while.48A.yet Bjust Cstill Deven分析：选D本题可利用句中逻辑关系解题。由上文“我尽力找到一个舒适的坐姿，认为这样可以放松一些。”可知此处应为表示递进关系的even。表示“我想，要是被人推着四处走一会儿那就太好了。”2句间逻辑关系典例(2013湖北高考)The house came _45_alive_ the next few days.Zigfried _46_enjoyed_ every single hour of them. _47_，the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a _48_satisfied_ smile at the door of his home, he heard the _49_discussion_ of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.47A.However BInstead CMoreover DTherefore分析：选A本题可利用句间逻辑关系解题。从47空前后文的关系来看，此处表示转折关系，故用however。3段间逻辑关系典例(2013天津高考).Such is Dad whatever problem he _25_meets_with_，he never gives up._26_，the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.26A.Thankfully BHopefully CUnfortunately DStrangely分析：选C本题可利用段间逻辑关系解题。上文提到父亲无论遇到什么困难都不放弃，下文提到整个国家发生了旱灾，因此，此处选C项。(四)利用语义复现解题复现是一种语境衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。1原词复现典例(2013四川高考)Even though I was used to regular insults (侮辱) because of the _11_ on my head, it was _12_still_ horrible to hear.“But shell be _17_left_ with scars on her head, and of course her hair wont grow there.”As a child, I cared much about my scars, so I _18_usually_ wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home.11A.hat Bscarf Cscars Dcuts分析：选C本题可利用原词复现解题。本文后文多次出现scars一词，故C项正确。2同义或近义词复现典例(2013湖南高考)“Wait a minute，”Mom said. “I want your _39_clothes_ back.You didnt wear anything when you arrived.” This really angered me.I tore my clothes off shoes, socks, underwear and all and _40_， “Can I go now？” “Yes，”Mom answered, “but once you close that door, dont expect to come back.”40A.explained Bsuggested Ccontinued Dshouted分析：选D本题可利用同义或近义词复现解题。由“This really angered me.”可知，当妈妈向作者要衣服的时候他已经非常生气了，这时候脱下衣服的他更是控制不住愤怒。与anger相对应的词应为“shout”。3反义词复现典例(2013新课标全国卷)It runs in the _33_family_. Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.Michael Greenberg feels the _34_same_. A pair of gloves may be a _35_ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.35A.small Buseful Cdelightful Dcomforting分析选A本题可利用反义词复现解题。一副手套虽然是微不足道的东西，但在冬天却能起大作用。与make a big difference相对，选small。(五)利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空题中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对短语搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。完形填空中也经常会测试一些固定结构、固定句式，这时考生就需要用到习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。典例(2013安徽高考)Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes _52_ youre much less likely to make them again.52A.if Band Cbut Dbefore分析：选B本题可利用固定结构解题。此处表达的意思为“放松心态，自嘲自己的错误，这样你再次犯错的可能性就会大大降低”。此处为“祈使句and陈述句”结构，故B项符合语境。(六)利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析