中考英语知识点拓展 副词 重点副词注释.doc

2013年中考英语知识点拓展 副词 重点副词注释1.asas常构成一些词组：as soon as(一旦就), as well as(同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能地)。如：please ring me up as soon as you get to beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)/ miss gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)注释 as long / much as + 名词可以表示长达/多达的含义。如：the house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/ they stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)2. later、after、ago、before的用法：一段时间+later/ago分别表示(多久)以后/以前,主要用于过去时态。after/before+某个时刻分别表示在某时刻之后/之前,此时两个词是介词。ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如：he had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)/ some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)/ after a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)3.above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under.如：the stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中) / a plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。4. too、also、either、nor的用法：too(也)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(也)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either(也)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(也不)用于倒装句句首；如：are you american,too?(你也是美国人吗？)/ he is not happy and i am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。) / he didnt watch the football game. nor did i.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)/ you can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)5. enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法： enough (足够,十分)放在形容词或副词之后；too(太)、very(非常)、quite(相当)、so(如此地)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much(非常)放在动词之后。如：its too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)/ i dont like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)注意 very与 much的区别：very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以。如：he is very stupid.(他很笨)/ the film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)/ you must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)/ i dont like him much.(我不太喜欢他)6. sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、 sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、 some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)/ i will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)/ i will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)7. how、what用于感叹句的用法：对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what. 如：what a fine day (it is) today!(今天天气真好！) / how difficult (the problem is)!(问题)真难呀！)8.already、yet的用法：在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。如：have you done it already?(你已经做好了？) / i have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)9. hard与hardly的用法：hard作为副词意思是：努力地,猛烈地,hardly是否定词,意思是：几乎不,一般与情态动词can/could连用。如：they study english very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)/ you can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)10. like.very much、like.better(=prefer)、like.best的用法：三个短语分别表示非常喜欢、更喜欢、最喜欢。如：i like baseball very much.(我非常喜欢棒球)/ do you like butter better than cheese?( / they like hamburgers best.11.quite/what+a+形容词+名词的用法：记住：quite/such/what.+a+形容词+名词;too/so/how+形容词+a+名词;rather+a+形容词+名词 = a+ rather+形容词+名词。如：i have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙) / it is quite a nice day for a walk.(这真是散步的好日子)12. how 的几个短语：how often多常,每隔多久,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问； how soon多久以后,用于将来时态； how long多久,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态； how many times多少次,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问； how much多么,多少,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。如：how long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？)/ how often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？)13. much、more与most的用法：这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词,much表示很,修饰原级形/副,more表示更用来构成多音节形/副的比较级,most表示最用来构成多音节形/副的最高级。此外,much也可以修饰比较级形/副。如：this park is much more beautiful than that one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)/ it is the most instructive film i have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影)14. no more、no longer、not.any more、no.any longer的用法：表示时间,可以用no longer、not.ny more、no.any longer,而且no longer只能放在谓语动词之前；表示程度,可以用no more、not.any more.如：he no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里) / tom wanted no more cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕) / he didn t smoke any more/longer.(他不再抽烟)15.被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。如： the runner was badly hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤) / english is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛)16.too.to.与so.that.的问题：副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句。too.to. (太.以致不)是否定的结构,用于简单句；so.that.(如此以致)是肯定结构,用于复合句。如：the child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)/ he is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。)17. 既是形容词也是副词的单词有：early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：it was a long holiday.(那是个长假)/ he stayed there very long.(他在那儿呆了好久)/ think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)/ he is a very hard(难对付的) person.(他是个难玩的家伙)18. farther与further的用法区别：表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为更远、较远,但是further还表示更多、进一步、额外等意思,此时不能换为farther. 如：they decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)/ this problem will be further discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)/ every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)19. rather与quite的用法区别：同very一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度,quite表示不到最高程度但是比预料的好,rather比quite更接近very的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思。见下图对nice程度的描绘：not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice如：its quite a nice film.(这是部好片子)。(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影) / its rather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好)注意注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。20. maybe、possibly、perhaps的区别：maybe可能、也许,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；possibly可能地、或者、也许,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示无论如何；perhaps可能,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大。如：you could put it over there,maybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边) / i couldnt possibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)/ i thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件)21. most、mostly的区别：most作为形容词和名词时意思是大多数的、大部分的,作为副词时意思为最,十分、很；mostly仅为副词,意思为主要地、多半地、大部分地。如：i was at home most of the time when i was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)/ this is the most exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)/she is mostly out on sundays.(星期天她一般不在家)22. (be) worth、(be) worthy of的区别：worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰；worthy of表示值得的、配得上的,后面跟动名词的被动形式。如：what is worth doing at all is worth doing well(凡是值得做的,就值得好好去做). / the house is worth ￥300,000.(房子价值30万元)/ this book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)/ it is a thing worthy of being seen.(这