高中英语 Unit4《Earthquakes》UsingLanguage精品测试训练 新人教版必修1.doc

2013年高一英语精品测试训练：unit 4 earthquakes using language （人教版必修1）.词汇1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝贺；（复数）贺词，祝贺【常考用法】offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝贺他成功congratulations （to you）!祝贺你！many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝贺他生日的信件congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝贺你工作完成出色congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝贺他喜得贵子congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝贺你congratulate you on your being elected as president of the general assembly祝贺你当选本届大会主席【辨析】congratulate与celebrate（1）congratulate意为“祝贺”，其宾语为人。（2）celebrate意为“庆祝”，其宾语为物。【十年高考链接】（1）（2012江苏高考）dont worry，mum.the doctor said it was only the flu. ! ill tell dad theres nothing serious.a.what a reliefb.congratulationsc.how surprisingd.im so sorry答案：a a项意为“这下可放心了”；b项意为“恭喜，祝贺”；c项意为“好奇怪”；d项意为“对不起”。句意：“别担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感。”“这下可放心了！我将告诉你爸爸你没事。”母亲一直担心孩子的病，现在孩子告诉母亲只是流感，母亲自然是“放心”，故选a。（2）（2009山东高考） john and i will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.oh， !a.cheer up b.well donec.go ahead d.congratulations答案：d 本题考查交际用语。cheer up“振作起来”，表示鼓励；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝贺。根据上句“我和约翰将在下月庆祝结婚四十周年纪念”可知，答语应是表示祝贺。（3）（2008上海高考）the two sportsmen congratulated each other winning the match by shaking hands.a.with b.on c.in d.to答案：b 本题考查介词与动词共同构成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝贺”，是固定搭配形式。（4）（2008安徽高考）i have some big news for you.youve been accepted as a member of our club. thats great!a.have i? b.pardon?c.congratulations!d.good idea!答案：a 考查情景交际。句意：“我有好消息要告诉你。你被接受加入我们的俱乐部了。”“是吗？太好了！”根据语境可知应选a项。2.judge n.裁判员，法官vt.断定，判断；判决【常考用法】as far as i can judge据我判断judging from/by his manner从他的举止来看judging from/by what he said由他说的话来判断judge them （to be ）the best plays认为它们是最好的话剧judge it safer to go away than to stay认为离开比留下安全judge it of little importance断定它毫不重要judge them to have gone断定他们已经走了judge that the students had finished the exercises估计学生们已做完了练习too young to judge which is better太年轻，不能判断哪一个更好as a judge作为法官3.express vt.表示，表达 n.快车；速递【常考用法】change here for an express在这里换乘快车express the same ideas表达同一种思想express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感谢express oneself表达自己的意思express myself in good english用很好的英语来表达自己的观点the express train快车express our thought by means of words用词句来表达思想express an opinion发表意见express their interest in the project表明自己对这个项目的兴趣express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感谢express to you how grateful i am for your help你对我的帮助，我感激不尽【拓展】expression n.表情【十年高考链接】（1）（2012山东高考）my first of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.a.expressionb.attentionc.satisfactiond.impression答案：d 首先了解四个选项的意思。a项表示“表情；表达；词语”；b项表示“注意（力）；专心；关注”；c项表示“满意，满足”；d项表示“印象”。由题干中的关键信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。（2）（2011福建高考）id prefer to my judgement until i find all the evidence.a.showb.expressc.passd.reserve答案：d 本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找到所有的证据之前，我宁愿保留我的看法。show显示，表明；express表明，表达；pass传递，通过；reserve保留。由句意可知d项正确。（3）（2011湖南高考）the ability an idea is as important as the idea itself.a.expressing b.expressedc.to expressd.to be expressed答案：c 本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式（短语）作后置定语，故排除a、b两项；此处the ability与to express是逻辑上的同位关系，故排除d项。解答这类题时，一定要弄清该用哪类非谓语动词以及非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。（4）（2009江苏高考）he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.a.could expressb.would expressc.could have expressedd.must have expressed答案：c 本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。.句式与语法1.those who. 凡是的人【常考用法】those who相当于people who，意为“凡是的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，不能省略，且谓语动词用复数，不能用that替换who。【链接】anybody/anyone who相当于whoever，意为“凡是的人”，表示两者以上的不定数量。who在它引导的定语从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。those who break the law will be punished.=anyone who breaks the law will be punished.=whoever breaks the law will be punished.违法的人将会受到惩罚。【十年高考链接】（2006北京高考）women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those dont.a.who；/b.who；/c.who；whod./；/答案：c 句意：那些每天喝两杯多咖啡的女人比不喝的人更有可能患心脏病。分别用who引导定语从句，修饰women和those，who在从句中作主语，不能省略。2.was doing.when. 正在做这时（突然）【常考用法】句子when用作并列连词，意为“这时”，不能换用while。【句式链接】was/were about to do.when.刚要做这时（突然）was/were on the point of doing.when.刚要做这时（突然）hardly had sb.done.when.某人刚刚做这时（突然）she was applying herself to her work in the office when the building caught fire.她正在办公室忙于工作这时大楼突然着火了。we were having a meeting when someone broke in angrily.我们正在开会这时有人怒气冲冲地闯了进来。they were working in the fields when it began to pour.他们正在田地里劳作这时天下起了倾盆大雨。【十年高考链接】（1）（2013陕西高考） jim a late night film at home when,right in the middle of a thrilling scene,the television went blank.a.watchedb.had watchedc.was watchingd.would be watching答案：c 句意：吉姆在家看一部午夜电影，看到中间一幕惊险的场景时，屏幕上突然出现一片空白。该句考查be doing.when.结构，意为“正在做就在这时（突然）”。从后面的动作went blank可知“看电影”发生在过去；并且是当吉姆正在看的时候，所以该题要用过去进行时态，即was watching。（2）（2011浙江高考）one friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.a.afterb.while c.sinced.when答案：d 本题考查固定句式。句意：一个周五，我们正在打包裹动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。 表示“正在做就在这时（突然）”用be doing.when.，所以d项正确。when用作并列连词，在句中表示“就在这时（突然）”之意，它构成的固定句式是：be doing sth./be about to do sth./had done sth.when.对于此类题，解题的关键是要理清题干或选项中出现的标志词，如本题中的were packing就是标志词，再结合句意与逻辑，套用固定句式，就能找到答案。（3）（2009福建高考）she had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.a.when b.while c.after d.since答案：a 本题考查when的用法。由句意可知此处when用作并列连词，意为“这时”。（4）（2010大纲全国高考）tom was about to close the window his attention was caught by a bird.a.when b.if c.andd.till答案：a 句意：汤姆刚要关窗，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引了。sb.be about to do.when.是一个固定句式，表示“某人正要做这时”。3.before sb. 某人还没来得及就【常考用法】before用作连词时，其基本含义是“在之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就”、“趁”、“就”等。具体用法如下：（1）与情态动词can/could连用这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”。before i could get in a word，he had measured me.我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terrible roar.她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。（2）用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间、距离长，或花费的精力大，译成“才”。we had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。we waited a long time before the train arrived.我们等了很长时间火车才到。（3）用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间、距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到就”。we hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.我们跑了还不到一英里他就觉得累了。（4）主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚就”。这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代before。we had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。（5）有时还有“（宁可而）不愿”的意思。id shoot myself before i apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。（6）用于it+be/takes+时间段+before句型。在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。若主句是一般将来时态，从句是一般现在时。若主句是肯定形式，意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式，翻译成“用不了多久就”。it will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.两周之后一切才能恢复正常。it will be many years before the situation improves.这种状况要过许多年才能得以改善。it wont be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。若主句是一般过去时，从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定形式，翻译成“多长时间之后才”；若主句是否定形式，翻译成“没过多久就”。it was some time before i realized that i was wrong.过了很长一段时间我才意识到我错了。it wasnt long before she became a brave soldier.没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。after that it still took seven years before they got married.那之后他们又过了七年才结婚。【注意】当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时，before与until有时可以互换。如：it was an hour before/until the police arrived.【十年高考链接】（1）（2013湖南高考）you must learn to consult your feelings and your reason you reach any decision.a.althoughb.beforec.becaused.unless答案：b although “虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句；before“在之前”，引导时间状语从句；because “因为”，引导原因状语从句；unless “除非”，引导条件状语从句。句意：做任何决定之前,必须学会尊重自己的情感与理智。空格前后的时间先后意味较为明显，所以答案为b。 （2）（2013陕西高考） i have heard a lot of good things about you i came back from abroad.a.sinceb.untilc.befored.when答案：a 从题干中的 “have heard” 可知是“已经听说”，所以应该是“自从我回来”，因此要用since引导时间状语从句。句意：自从我从国外回来，我听到了很多关于你的好消息。（3）（2013上海高考）i cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise i am sitting.a.beforeb.untilc.unlessd.where答案：d 本题四个选项都为常见的状语从句引导词。before“在之前”，引导时间状语从句；until“直到为止”，引导时间状语从句；unless“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句；where“在的地方”，引导地点状语从句。句意：“我不能听清楚教授所讲的东西，因为在我坐着的地方有太多的噪音。”显然这里指我所坐的地方太吵，导致我听不清。解答这类题目要正确理解句意。（4）（2012山东高考） a number of high buildings have arisen there was nothing a year ago but ruins.a.whenb.wherec.befored.until答案：b 考查状语从句的用法。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起了。where在句中引导地点状语从句。其他选项均不合题意。（5）（ 2012上海春招） you take a photo，you should always check the position of the sun.a.beforeb.afterc.becaused.though答案：a 考查状语从句的连接词。句意：你在照相之前，应该检查太阳的位置。before在之前；after在之后；because因为；though虽然。（6）（2012重庆高考）coach，can i continue with the training?sorry，you cant you havent recovered from the knee injury.a.untilb.beforec.asd.unless答案：c 考查状语从句。句意：“教练，我可以继续训练吗？”“对不起，你不可以，因为你膝盖的伤还没有恢复。”故用as表示原因；until直到；before在之前；unless除非。（7）（2007北京高考）wheres that report?i brought it to you you were in mr.blacks office yesterday.a.if b.when c.because d.before答案：b 本题考查连词用法及含义辨析。句意：“那篇报告在哪儿呢？”“昨天当你在布莱克先生办公室的时候我带给你了。”when“当时候”。（8）（2007上海高考）small sailboats can easily turn over in the water they are not managed carefully.a.though b.before c.until d.if答案：d 考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话，那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if “如果”，引导条件状语从句。（9）（2007辽宁高考）we had to wait half an hour we had already booked a table.a.since b.although c.until d.before答案：b 考查连词的含义及用法。句意：尽管我们已经预订了饭桌，但我们不得不等上半个小时。although“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。（10）（2007福建高考）you will be successful in the interview you have confidence.a.before b.once c.until d.though答案：b 本题考查状语从句的引导词，before“在之前”，引导时间状语从句；once“一旦”，引导条件状语从句；until“直到”，引导时间状语从句；though“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。由句意“一旦你有了信心，你在面试中就会成功的”可知应选b项。（11）（2007安徽高考）the field research will take joan and paul about five months；it will be