such as用法.doc

such as用法一、表示举例意为“例如，诸如此类的，像那样的”，相当于like或for example。如：There are few poets such as Keats and Shelly. 像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as “quickly” in “she ran fast”. 副词用来修饰动词，例如“她跑得快”中的“快”。Animals such as rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can . 像兔和鹿这样的动物整个冬天都是很活跃的，它们到处寻找食物。用于此义时的几点说明。如：(1) 这类结构既可表现为“名词+such as+例子”，也可表现为“such+名词+as+例子”。如：I enjoy songs such as this one.= I enjoy such songs as this one. 我喜欢像这首歌一样的歌。(2) 若后接动词，通常用动名词，有时也可用动词原形。如：Dont do anything silly such as marry him. 不要做什么蠢事，比如说去嫁给他。Magicians often perform tricks such as pulling a rabbit out of a hat. 魔术师常常变从帽子里抓出兔子的戏法。(3) 不要按汉语意思将such as用作such like。(4) 其后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西。如：正：I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如日语、英语。误：I know four languages, such as Chinese, French, Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如汉语、法语、日语和英语。(5) 在现代英语中，such as可与etc. 连用。如：They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers，etc. 他们种了许多种花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。They export a 1ot of fruits，such as oranges，lemons，etc. 他们出口许多水果，如桔子、柠檬等。二、表示“像这样的”其中的 as 用作关系代词，引导定语从句，as 在定语从句中用作主语或宾语。此外，不要按汉语意思把该结构中的 as 换成like。如：He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。Such men as he (is) are rare now. 现在像他这样的人很少了。三、表示“凡是的人(或事物)”、“所有的人(事物)”其意相当于 everything that, all those, those that (who)等。其中的 such 为先行词，as 为关系代词。如：Take such (things) as you need. 你需要什么就拿什么。You may choose such as you prefer. 你可挑选自己想要的东西。Such (people) as have knowledge and skill will not want to work. 有知识和技能的人不愁没有工作。四、用作关系代词有时 such as 整个儿用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句。如：We had hoped to give you a chance such as nobody else ever had. 我们本来希望给你一个别人从未有过的机会。Then I left it，feeling a weight at my heart such as I had never had before. 然后我离开那里，心头感到一种前所未有的沉重心情。五、用于 suchas to do sth表示结果，其中的such为限定语，as to do sth 表示结果。如：It was such a loud noise as to wake everybody in the house. 声音很大，屋里的所有人都被吵醒了。You shouldnt put such high prices as to frighten your customers off. 你不应该要价这么高，以致把顾客都吓跑了。六、用于such as to do sth表示程度或结果。其中的such是代词，as to do sth引出的结构作程度状语或结果状语。如：Her illness was not such as to cause anxiety. 她的病不是很重，不必担心。The pain in her foot wasnt such as to stop her walking. 她脚疼，但还不至于不能行走。 七、用于such as it is构成习语，表示让步，意思是“尽管不怎么好”“尽管不一定正确”“尽管没什么价值或重要性”。如：The food, such as it is, is plentiful. 食物不是很好，但量很多.You may use my bike, such as it is. 尽管我的自行车不好，你可以将就着用吧。Youre welcome to join us for supper, such as it iswere only having soup and bread. 欢迎你和我们一起吃晚饭，只是没什么好吃的只有汤和面包。浅谈as的用法as 多次出现。它的含义较多，且用法灵活。现将其用法分析归纳如下： 1. as 作为副词，常与连词 as 连用，意为“和一样”。例如： as easy as ABC （非常容易）， as cool as cucumber （沉着的）， as stubborn as a mule （非常顽强的，倔强的）， as clear as crystal （非常透明的）， as poor as a church mouse （非常贫困的）， as busy as a bee （非常繁忙的）。在这些短语中，第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连。在否定句中，作副词用的 as 可以用 so 代替。例如：Its not so easy as I thought. （这不像我想的那么容易。）2. as 作为连词，其意义和用法主要有：（ 1 ）意为“当之时”，引导时间状语从句，在意思上相当于 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句。例如：As he grew up， he became silent. （他长大以后，变得沉默寡言。）（ 2 ） 意为“既然，因为”，引导原因状语从句，不过它引导的原因状语从句时所表示的原因不如 because 引导的从句所表示的原因那么直接和强烈。试比较：As he wasnt ready， we went without him. （既然他没有准备好，我们就自己去了。）Because he was ill， he couldnt go to school. （因为他病了，所以不能去上学。）（原因状语从句表示“不能去上学”的直接原因）（ 3 ） 意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，在意思上相当于 although 引导的从句。 as 引导让步状语从句时，常以下列句式出现：名词 / 副词 / 动词 （原形） / 形容词 +as+ 主语 + 其他成分。例如：Child as he is （ =Although he is a child ） ， he can speak English. （尽管他是个孩子，他却能讲英语。）Young as you are （ =Although you are young ） ， you can do it very well. （虽然你年轻，但你却能做得很好。）Much as I like it ， Ill not buy it. （虽然我很喜欢它，我也不会买。）Try as he may， he has little hope to win. （尽管他会尽力，但取胜的希望却很小。）（ 4 ） 意为“如，像”，引导方式状语从句。例如：You must do as I tell you . （你必须按照我告诉你的那样去做。）（ 5 ） 意为“作为（某种身份），当做，视为”。例如：As a student， you must obey the rules. （作为学生，你必须遵守纪律。 ）3. as 作介词，意为“如同，作为”。例如：Unite as one man. （团结得像一个人。）as 还可以用于 regard ， view ， treat ， acknowledge 及类似意义的动词之后，构成固定搭配。例如：Most of us regard him as a kind man. （我们大多数人认为他是个好心人。）We treat them as our friends. （我们把他们当作朋友。）4. as 用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等，有“正如”或“据”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：As we know from his accent， he is from Shanghai. （正如我们从他的口音中所知道的，他来自上海。）（从句位于句首）Mary， as we had expected， passed the exam. （正如我们所预料到的，玛丽通过了考试。）（从句位于句中）as 还可以引导限制性定语从句。若先行词被 the same ， such 修饰，关系代词应用 as .例如：This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. （这是一本有趣的、每个人都喜欢看的书。）（ as 在从句中作宾语）This is such a good book as will help you in your study. （这是一本对你学习有帮助的好书。）（ as 在从句中作主语）He is not such a kind boy as he looks. （他看上去地个善良的男孩，实际上却不是。）（ as 在从句中作表语）You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. （你必须尊重我的妻子，就像尊重我一样。）（ as 在从句中作宾语）需要注意 as 引导定语从句时与 so/suchthat 引导的结果状语从句的区别。试比较：This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. （ as 引导定语从句，代替先行词 book ，在从句中作宾语）This is such an interesting book the everybody likes to read it . （ that 引导结果状语从句，因为从句中 read 后面有代词 it 作宾语。）asas 结构用法详解其基本意思为“与一样”，其中的第一个as为副词，其后通常接形容词或副词(用原级)，第二个as可用作介词(后接名词或代词)或连词(后接从句)。使用时应注意以下几点。如：(1) 在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成 so。如：He doesnt study as so hard as his brother. 他学习不如他弟弟努力。(2) 在该结构的两个as之间通常接形容词或副词的原级，但若涉及数量或程度，可用“as much+不可数名词+as”和“as many+复数名词+as”。如：Youve made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。I havent got as much money as I thought. 我不像原来想像的有那么多钱。其间接形容词时，有时该形容词还可修饰另一名词，但这个名词应带有不定冠词(注意词序)。如：She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。也可说。如：She is a teacher as good as her mother. 但不说。如：She is as a good teacher as her mother. / They are as good teachers as us.(3) 第二个as后接从句时，该as通常为连词，但有时这个as还充当其后从句的主语或宾语，此时该as实为关系代词。如：I gave him as much as he could eat. 他能吃多少，我就给了他多少。Weve got food for as many people as want it