浙江省湖州市九年级英语全册 教师辅导讲义 Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth被动语态+宾语从句 （新版）人教新目标版.doc

宾语从句教学内容 1、 前课回顾(3min)1. 翻译家拯救地球噪音污染解决问题减少对.有益起作用听说割掉 对.有害在食物链顶端越来越糟参加关掉付费；付出代价把.加起来2. 填空we want to _ _ _ to the world. 我们想对世界有所作为。make a differencethe air pollution _ _ _ our health. 空气污染对我们健康有害。is harmful tolesson 2 _ _ a song. 第二节课以一首歌开始。begins with2、 知识点讲解(22min)phrases 1. take action 采取行动2. throw away 扔掉；抛弃3. put sth, to good use 好好利用某物4. pull . . down 拆下；摧毁5. upside down 上下颠倒；倒转6. win a prize 获奖7. set up 建立8. be known for 因.而闻名9. look like 看起来像10. bring back 恢复；使想起；归还11. in the oceans ecosystem 在海洋生态系统中1. recycle books and paperrecycle v. 回收利用；再利用。它是由动词cycle加前缀re-构成的。we take all bottles to be recycled. 我们把我们的瓶子都回收利用。【拓展】 recycle 的过去式为recycled，常作定语，与所修饰的名词在逻辑上存在动宾关系。the recycled books save money. 这些循环使用的书籍可以节省钱。 recycling n. 回收利用recycling is important to help protect our environment. 回收利用对帮助保护我们的环境很重要。2. do you often throw away things you dont need anymore? 你经常扔掉你不再需要的东西吗？throw away 扔掉；抛弃（“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时，须放在两词之间）dont throw away those vegetables. we can feed them to the pigs. 不要把那些蔬菜扔了，我们可以拿它来喂猪。the magazine is very useful. dont throw it away. 那本杂志很有用。不要把它扔掉。3. have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use?put sth. to good use 好好利用某物；充分利用某物hell be able to put his experience to good use in the new job. 他能够在新的工作中把他的经验派上用场。if you want to draw value from your education, put your study time to good use. 如果你想从教育中得益，就要充分利用你的学习时间。4. you have probably never heard of amy hayes, but she is a most unusual woman. (1) probably adv. 也许，大概，可能（常用作状语，可位于句首；也可位于句子，在实意动词之前，助动词、情态动词或连系动词之后）he probably told his father all about the matter. 他可能把这一切都告诉了他父亲。【辨析】probably, maybe与perhapsprobably 常用于句中，maybe相当于perhaps，常用于句首。另外probably比maybe和perhaps表达的可能性大。he will probably come tomorrow. 他很可能明天来。maybe/ perhaps you are right. 或许你是对的。(2) a most unusual woman 一个很不寻常的女性a + most + adj. + n. 是一个固定结构，意为“一个很/非常.的.”，此处most不表示最高级含义。this is a most useful tool. 这是一个非常有用的工具。【注意】“the + most + （多音节或部分双音节）形容词/副词原级”是形容词/副词的最高级形式。she is the most careful girl in her class. 她是班里最细心的女孩。5. the windows and doors come from old buildings around her town that were pulled down. (1) that were pulled down 是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 及物动词的过去分词”。he was told not to throw away rubbish yesterday. 昨天他被告知不要扔掉垃圾。thousands of trees were planted by them last year. 去年他们种植了成千上万棵树。(2) pull down 拆除；拆毁；放倒（动词+副词型短语，代词作宾语时，应放于两词中间）all the old houses in the street have to be pulled down. 这条街道上所有的旧屋必须被拆除。why did the government pull it down. 为什么政府把它拆毁了。6. the top of the house is an old boat turned upside down.(1) 句中过去分词短语turned upside down作后置定语，修饰名词boat(2) upside down 上下颠倒；倒转turn sth. upside down 把某物翻转过来please dont hold the box upside down. 请不要把那个盒子倒着拿。the boy turned his toy car upside down and then left. 那个男孩把自己的玩具车翻转过来，然后离开了。7. amy recently won a prize from the help save our planet society. win v. 赢得；在.中获胜。此处用作及物动词，其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等；win还可用作不及物动词，意为“赢；获胜”he won the first prize. 他获得了第一名。he is sure to win. 他一定能获胜。【辨析】win与beatwin“赢得；获胜”，用作及物动词，其后的宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等we won the basketball games.我们赢得了篮球赛。beat“打赢；战胜”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手li lei beat all the other runners in the race. 李磊在比赛中战胜了所有对手。例1. -who _ the tennis game yesterday? d-jack, he _ all the others. a. beat; won b. won; won c. beat; beat d. won; beat8. amy is an inspiration to us all. (1) be an inspiration to sb. 对某人来说是一个鼓舞人心的人（或事物）lei feng was a great inspiration to us youth. 雷锋对我们年轻人来说是一个非常鼓舞人心的人。(2) inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物），此处可数；还可用作不可数名词，意为“灵感”。其动词形式为inspire，意为“鼓舞；鼓励”her heroic deeds will always be an inspiration to us all. 她的英雄事迹对我们永远是一个鼓舞。many poets and artists have drawn their inspiration from nature.许多诗人和艺术家从大自然中获得他们的灵感。9. she opened a small shop where she sells her bags, and she has also set up a website to sell them online. (1) 句子and连接两个并列句。在前一个分句中又含有一个where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词shop。关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。this is the place where we lived for three years. 这就是我们曾经住过三年的地方。(2) set up 成立，建立；创立，开办（学校、公司、机构等）we set up a company. 我们成立了一个公司。the government will set up a new school here. 政府将在这里建立一所新学校。10. some are large pieces that look like animals or humans, and some are smaller pieces you can put at home.look like 看起来像（强调外表、外貌特征）her face looks like a red apple. 她的脸看上去像个红苹果。the girl looks like her mother. 这个女孩看起来像她妈妈。11. the more popular works can even be seen in the art shops around the city. work 此处用作可数名词，意为“（音乐、艺术）作品；著作”。many works of art are on show here. 许多艺术家的作品正在这里展出。i like the works of lu xun. 我喜欢鲁迅的作品。12. not only can the art bring happiness, but it also shows that even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity.(1) bring back 恢复if you have a good rest, youll soon bring back your energy. 如果你好好休息，你很快就会恢复体力的。【拓展】bring back还可意为“使想起；归还”the story brings back my old days in the past. 这个故事使我想起过去的日子。please bring back the book before june 16. 请在6月16日之前归还那本书。(2) creativity 不可数名词，意为“创造力；独创性”can you show me any creativity? 你能向我展示一些创造力吗？【拓展】 creative adj. 有创造力的；创造性的he is a creative singer. 他是一位有创造力的歌手。this idea is very creative. 这个想法非常有创造性。 create v. 创造；创作she created lots of popular songs. 她创作了许多流行歌曲。例2. mona, how did you like the movie you saw last night?c-it was_ . i left the cinema halfway through it. a. great b. good c. boring d. creative13. which parts need to be improved? need 作实意动词，意为“需要”，后面接名词、代词、动词-ing形式及带to的动词不定式作宾语。need后面接动词-ing形式表被动。此时主语常为某物。其用法如下： need sth. 需要某物i need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 need to do sth. 需要做某事do you need to go at once? 你需要马上走吗？ need doing = need to be done （某事）需要被做the bridge needs repairing. = the bridge needs to be repaired. 这座桥需要被修。【拓展】 need还可用作名词，意为“需要”a friend in need is a friend indeed. （谚语）患难见真情。 need作情态动词时，意为“需要；必须”，无人称或数的变化，后接动词原形。由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用neednt。you neednt worry. 你不必担心。- need i answer the question?- yes, you must./ yes, you have to. 是的，你必须回答。/ no, you neednt. 不，不必了。例3. -_ i finish it today? d-no, you _. you _ finish it tomorrow. a. can; neednt; buyb. must; cant; needc. can; may not; need d. must; neednt; can if you _ smoke, please go outside. ca. can b. may c. must d. might14. the air pollution is getting worse and worse.worse and worse 越来越糟“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more + 原级（多音节或部分双音节词）” 越来越.he is getting taller and taller. 他变得越来越高了。the flowers are more and more beautiful. 花儿越来越漂亮。3、 练习(12min). 根据句意及图片或汉语提示，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。1. we should try to _ all the reusable things. 2. its a good habit to _ off the light when leaving.3. we are supposed to _ a bike to work as much as possible.4. i never use paper n_ while eating.5. we have already s_ using plastic bags when shopping.6. there isnt much water in the （瓶子）.7. i dont believe the young people is the companys _ (负责人).8. this kind of door is made of （金属）.9. her success is an (鼓舞人心的事) to us all.10. i really enjoy this piece of art （作品）. 1. recycle 2. turn 3. ride 4. napkins 5. stopped 6. bottle 7. president 8. metal 9. inspiration 10. work. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。take, recycle, sleep, play, shop1._ paper is a really easy thing for everyone.2. you should stop too much computer games. 3. she went _ with her sister in the supermarket yesterday.4. my brother is_ a shower in the bathroom now.5. youd better keep the window open when _ in summer. 1. recycling 2. playing 3. shopping 4. taking 5. sleepingbe made from, pull down, hear of, bring back, put to good use6. the dangerous building must at once.7. i him, but i dont know him.8. the paper bamboo.9. you should your time .10. her song sad memories for me.6. be pulled down 7. heard of 8. is made from 9. put; to good use 10. brought backiii.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1.我确信你给他们的这些钱将会被很好地使用。im sure that the money you gave them will be_ _ _ _.2.墙上的油画被人放倒了。the painting on the wall is _ _ _.3.把好的食物扔掉是一种浪费。it is a waste to_ _good food.4.我明天把这张cd还给你。i will _ _the cd to you tomorrow.5.他们去年组建了这支乐队。they_ _the band last year.1.put to good use 2. put upside down 3.throw away 4.bring back 5.set up4、 小结(3min)采取行动扔掉；抛弃好好利用某物拆下；摧毁上下颠倒；倒转获奖建立因.而闻名看起来像恢复；使想起；归还在海洋生态系统中 1、 引入(3min) 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的发出者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被动语态的谓语部分由“助动词be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。be有人称、时态和数的变化。二、讲解(22min)考点1：被动语态的用法不知谁是动作的发出者或不必要指出,只需要强调动作的承受者。rice is grown in the south of china.中国南方种植水稻。（不知道是谁种的）the modern hotel was built last year. 这个现代旅馆是去年建的。（不知是谁建的，只强调宾馆已建）考点2：初中阶段主要掌握的几种被动语态（1） 一般现在时的被动语态 （主语+am/are/is +done）the desks are made in china. （肯定）the desks arent made in china. （否定句，在is, am, are 后加not）are the desks made in china? （一般疑问句，把is, am, are 提到句首）（2） 一般过去时的被动语态 （主语+was/were +done）the building was built ten years ago. （肯定）the building wasnt built ten years ago. （否定句，在was, were 后加not）was the building built ten years ago? （一般疑问句，把was, were 提到句首）（3） 一般将来时的被动语态 （will + be + done） （is/am/are going to +be +done）a new school library will be built next year. （肯定）a new school library wont be built next year. （否定句，在will后加not）will a new school library be built next year? （一般疑问句，把will提到句首）a new school library is going to be built next year.a new school library isnt going to be built next year. （否定句，在is/am/are后加not）is a new school library going to be built next year? （一般疑问句，把is/am/are提到句首）（4） 含有情态动词的被动语态（情态动词+be + done）students should be allowed to get ears pierced.students shouldnt be allowed to get ears pierced. （否定句，在情态动词后加not）should students be allowed to get ears pierced? （一般疑问句，把情态动词提到句首）（ ） 1. excuse me, whats this for?its a cleaner and it to pick up dirt.a. uses b. is used c. is using d. used（ ） 2. the streets many times every day.a. clean b. will be cleanedc. were cleaned d. are cleaned（ ） 3. the work well and my mother smiled.a. is; done b. was; donec. will be; done d. did; /（ ） 4. another new railway station in guangdong in 2018.a. was built b. buildc. is built d. will be built（ ） 5. long time no see!ive just returned. i to shenzhen for a meeting last month.a. am sent b. was sentc. am sending d. was sending（ ） 6. the book by a middle school student in a few days.a. was written b. is writtenc. will be written d. wrote（ ） 7. dont worry about the clothes. they by your sister soon.a. will wash b. washedc. were washed d. will be washed（ ） 8. where is mary?she in the cinema an hour ago.a. saw b. seesc. is seen d. was seen（ ） 9. i wasnt at home last week. i to give a lecture in fudan university.a. will be asked b. was askedc. wasnt asked d. asked（ ） 10. chinese by the largest number of people around the world.a. is speaking b. is spokenc. has spoken d. will be spoken（ ） 11. my birds by one of my friends while im away.a. may be looking after b. may look afterc. may be looked after d. was looked after（ ） 12. today many trees are being cut in our country. so more trees .a. must plant b. mustnt plantc. must be planted d. mustnt be planted（ ） 13. the stars in the daytime.a. can be seen b. can seec. cant see d. cant be seen（ ） 14. teenagers to take mobile phone to school. its bad for their study.a. should allow b. shouldnt be allowedc. should be allowed d. wont allow（ ） 15. the homework the day after tomorrow?a. may; be handed in b. may; handed inc. may; hand ind. may be; handed inbdbdbcddbbccdba考点3：知识拓展（1） 含有“使役”动词的被动语态“使役”动词常用的有make, see, watch, notice, hear等。含有“使役”动词的句子表示主动时常常的搭配是make （see, hear, watch, notice） sb. do sth., 动词do 前面没有to，但在被动中要把to补出来。即sb. be made （seen, heard, watched, noticed） to do sth.。 如：he made me do the work. 他使我做这项工作。（主动，do 前没有to）i was made to do the work. 我被派去做这项工作。（被动，do 前补出to）类似：tom saw lucy water the flowers last night. lucy was seen to water the flowers last night.they heard him sing songs in the room last night. he was heard to sing songs in the room last night.究竟有没有to,其实有个巧门：“使役”动词前有be, 则有to, 没be, 则没to。（2） 双宾句的被动语态my mother gives lily a pen. lily is given a pen by my mother.a pen is given to lily by my mother. 间接宾语 直接宾语（3） 感官动词 （look, smell, taste, feel, sound等） 用主动结构表示被动。如：the flower smells nice. the cake tastes delicious. the watch looks beautiful.（4） 不及物动词 （happen, take place, break out, cost等） 没有被动语态。如：great changes were taken place in china. （）great changes took place in china.（）an accident was happened just now. （）an accident happened just now.（ ）（5） 动词短语变为被动语态时，牢记不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。如：the patient is well looked after by the nurse. the new word can be looked up in the dictionary.the old and the young should be taken care of by us.（ ） 1. the girl the homework three times by her mother.a. made to copy b. was made copyc. was made to copy d. made copy（ ） 2. jim is often seen basketball at school.a. play b. to play c. plays d. played（ ） 3. the beautiful dress her twenty dollars last week.a. is cost b. costsc. was cost d. cost（ ） 4. great changes in our city since 1999.a. took place b. have taken placec. were taken place d. have been taken place（ ） 5. mr. johnsons story by everyone who heard it.a. laughed at b. was laughedc. laughed d. was laughed at（ ） 6. the old people in the old peoples home.a. are take care b. will be taken carec. are taken care of d. take care ofcbdbdc三、练习(12min)综合测练（ ） 1. its a rule in our school that the classroom every day.a. should clean b. cleansc. should be cleaned d. shouldnt be cleaned（ ） 2. do you have any problems if you this job?a. offer b. will offerc. are offered d. will be offered（ ） 3. today e-mails in both cities and countryside because they are much faster than letters.a. are used b. are using c. were used d. were using（ ） 4. its reported that the bad man the day after tomorrow.a. is killed b. will killc. is going to be killed d. is going to kill（ ） 5. could you tell me whom the radio by? sorry, i have no idea.a. invents b. invented c. invent d. was invented（ ） 6. the new computers to the village school as presents last month.a. are given b. is given c. were given d. will be given（ ） 7. the sick boy to the hospital as soon as possible.a. may be taken b. must be takenc. was taken d. cant be taken（ ） 8. the trees in the park next saturday?a. will; be planted b. will be; plantedc. are; planted d. will; plant（ ） 9. dont you know sweaters cant that way?a. be washed b. be washing c. wash d. washed（ ） 10. many interesting experiments by the students in the new lab.a. will be carried b. will be carried outc. carry out d. will carry out（ ） 11. its difficult for the village children to cross the river for school.i think a bridge over the river.a. should be built b. buildc. was built d. must build（ ） 12. i ten minutes to decide whether i should take part in this activity.a. gave b. was given c. was giving d. give（ ） 13. but where are the computers?dont worry. they here in no time.a. have sent b. will be sentc. are sending d. are sent（ ） 14. the villagers are building a school. i hope it before august this year.a. finishes b. will finish c. is finished d. will be finished（ ） 15. alice, you on the phone. come here quickly.a. want b. are wantedc. are wanting d. will be wanted（ ） 16. i know she wont come to join us unless she to.a. tells b. has told c. is told d. will be told（ ） 17. as china grows stronger and stronger, chinese in more and more countries.a. teaches b. is taught c. has taught d. was taught（ ） 18. the work in three hours. lets hurry.a. must finish b. will finishc. must be finished d. is finished（ ） 19. did you win the football game?bad luck. our team in the final one.a. won b. beat c. was won d. was beaten（ ） 20. whats wrong with that boy?he by a car yesterday.a. was hit b. hit c. is hit d. hits（ ） 21. look! there is a new bridge. it a month ago.a. build b. is built c. was built d. will be built（ ） 22. my father not to smoke any more.a. told b. is told c. are told d. tells（ ） 23. a talk on chinese history in the school hall next week.a. is given b. was givenc. will