常用经济术语中英对照.doc

国民经济、对外经济贸易NATIONALECONOMY,FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSANDTRADE经济指标economicindicators社会总产值totalproductofsociety国民生产总值GNP(GrossDomesticProduct)国内生产总值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)人均国内生产总值GDPpercapita工农业总产值grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture国民收入nationalincome购买力平价法purchasingpowerparity财政收入staterevenue社会商品零售总额totalvolumeofretailsales社会零售物价总指数generalretailpriceindex百分点percentagepoints八五划划the8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment计划经济plannedeconomy统购统销statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing市场经济marketeconomy指令性计划mandatoryplan指导性计划guidanceplan市场调节marketregulation建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政三个机制establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy,rulebylaw,democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技三个基础stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质三个优化optimizeindustrialstructure,ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation第一、二、三产业primary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries外向型经济export-orientedeconomy创汇型企业foreignexchange-earningenterprise劳动密集型laborintensive技术、智力、资本密集型technology,knowledgeorcapitalintensive高附加值的深加工down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value优化资源配置optimizeallocationofresources生产力productiveforces生产资料capitalgoods科研成果产业化industrializationofresearchfindings火炬计划TorchPlan技术入股technologyappraisedascapitalstock风险投资ventureinvestment/capital固定资产投资investmentinfixedassets折旧费depreciationcost关系民生的产品productsvitaltothepeopleslivelihood供大于求oversupply供不应求shortsupply经济过热overheatedeconomy抑制炒房地产热stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket宏观调控macro-economiccontrol经济杠杆economiclevers产业政策industrialpolicy财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率publicfinancing,taxation,credit,interestrate,exchangerate提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns社会效益socialeffect/returns实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringaboutsustained,stableandcoordinateddevelopment财政赤字(盈余)budgetdeficit(surplus)外贸出口总额grossforeignexportvalue外商直接投资协议金额contractedforeigndirectinvestment实际利用外资foreigninvestmentinactualuse三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment:sino-foreignjointventure,contractualjointventure允许外商独资经营allowfullforeignequityoperation优惠条件confessionalterms;favorableterms减免税收taxreductionandexemption合作方式approachestocooperation出资方式meansofcontributinginvestment合营期限contracttermofajointventure三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)processingandcompensationtrades(processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples,assemblingsuppliedcomponents)贸易伙伴tradepartner转口贸易transittrade外贸顺差foreigntradesurplus积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验activelyintroducecapital,technology,competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside交钥匙工程turn-keyproject招标承包制biddinginvitationcontractsystem招标出售技术bidsfortechnology公开招标callforbid;tenders招标单invitationforbid(IFB)标书biddingdocument竟标competitivebidding投标bidforaproject投标报价书bidproposals评标bidproposalevaluation开标bidopening中标winabid;beawardedatender拍卖auction租赁leasing保税区bondedarea;freetradearea实行全方位开放practicemulti-directionalopening统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unifiedpolicy,liberalizedoperation,andequalcompetition自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibilityforonesownprofitsandlosses,theintegrationofindustryandforeigntrade,andthepromotionofagentsystem知识产权intellectualpropertyrights技术转让technologytransfer可行性研究feasibilitystudy意向书letterofintent投资环境investmentenvironment跨国公司transnationalcoorporation基础设施infrastructure20年基本实现现代化basicallyachievemodernizationin20years发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies,managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.招商attractinvestment招商项目projectproposalsforinvestment同国际惯例接轨followtheinternationalcodesofpractice;bringinlinewiththeinternationalusage加大改革力度intensifyreforms一条龙服务onepackageservice一支笔审批one-chopapproval我们两市的经济互补性很强。Toagreatextent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.平等互利，互通有无equalityandmutualbenefit,andtradingofneededgoods外引内联actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapitalandestablishingdomesticconnections保持发展后劲bringaboutasustainabledevelopment;sustainmomentumofdevelopment经济实力economiccapabilities龙头pacemaker;leadingrole三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）threeconnectionsandonelevelingassuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads,andthatthegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.瓶颈bottleneck以工养农useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture以路养路usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects下放审批权delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels统而不死，活而不乱ensureaflexiblecontrol良性循环positivecycle国民经济的支柱mainstayofthenationaleconomy格局初步形成Patternhastakeninitialshape.理顺企业的产权关系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises政策性亏损policy-relatedloss三角债chaindebts上不封顶，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee企业“工效挂钩”linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise生意兴隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthyorganization批量生产massproduction以销定产limitproductiontomarketability内联企业inlandassociatedenterprises菜篮子工程shippingbasketproject国产化percentageofhome-madeparts配套改革coordinatedreforms配套措施supportingmeasures配套工程auxiliaryproject国内配套资金domesticfunds向基础工业倾斜的政策policyinfavorofbasicindustry升级换代upgradingandupdating看好经济增长thinkhighlyofeconomicgrowth行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.行情看涨/跌anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice随行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions片面追求发展速度seekanundulyhighgrowthrate在过渡时期inaperiodoftransition粗放/集约经营extensive/intensiveoperation基础地位leadingposition门类齐全coveringextensivefields存款/贷款余额thebalanceofdeposits/loans外汇储备foreignexchangereserves贸易顺差tradesurplus完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-establishedmarketandsophisticatedfinancialsystem消灭失业wipeoutunemployment降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cooldowntheover-heatedfuturemarketandrestorefinancialorder紧缩银根tightenthemoneysupply一位数水平onedigitlevel保持双边贸易的平衡balancethetwo-waytrade这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。Thismeetinglaidasoundfoundationforthetwocountriestoforgeen