高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练阅读理解26.doc

2014届高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练：阅读理解a one night i was sitting in my room half listening as my 15 year old brother fought with my 12 year old brother kevin. i didnt pay attention when kevin rushed up the stairs with the hurt on his face. about 20 minutes later, as i was walking upstairs i heard kevin crying inside the bathroom. i knocked on the door and asked, “hey kevin, do you want to talk?” no response. i tried again, “why dont you come out of there?” again, no response. so, joking around, i grabbed a stack of index cards and a pencil and wrote, “if you dont want to talk, we can write notes to each other.” an hour later i was still sitting on the floor outside the bathroom with two stacks of index cards in front of me. one was blank and one was cars from kevin on which he had translated all his yucky feelings into words for me. as i read one of kevins notes, tears came to my eyes. it said, “nobody in this family cares about me. im not the youngest, and im not the oldest, and im not talented. tommy thinks im stupid and dad wishes he had the other kevin as a kid because hes better at basketball. and youre never around to even notice me.” tears came to my eyes again as i wrote back to him. “you know kevin, i really do love you and im sorry i dont always show it. i am here for you and you are loved in this family.”there was no response for a while, but then i heard a tearing sound coming from inside the bathroom. kevin, who had run out of index cards wrote on a torn up paper cup, “thanks.”i wrote back “for what?” it returned to me with “loving me” written on it. since then, i try my best never to half notice my family members anymore. kevin and i have closer relationship now, and sometimes when one of us notices that the other is upset well smile and say “write it on a paper cup.”1. why did kevin stay inside the bathroom alone crying?a. because he lost in the fight with tommy.b. because the author didnt help him win tommy.c. because he felt no love from the family members.d. because he hurt him when rushing up the stairs.答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节推理题。由第六段kevin写在索引卡上的内容 “nobody in this family cares about me. im not the youngest, and im not the oldest, and im not talented. tommy thinks im stupid and dad wishes he had the other kevin as a kid because hes better at basketball. and youre never around to even notice me.” 可知，kevin一个人呆在浴室里哭是因为他觉得家里没人关心他，他感受不到爱，故答案为c。 2. the underlined word “yucky” (para.6) most probably means “ ”.a. unpleasantb. excitingc. doubtfuld. frightening答案解析：答案为a。本题为词义猜测题。“yucky”修饰的词语是“feelings”，根据后面的kevin写在索引卡上的内容可知，这些情感都是不愉快的，故答案为a。3. what could be the reason that kevins dad doesnt like him? a. kevin likes fighting with others.b. kevin is not good at playing basketball.c. kevin doesnt want to talk to others.d. kevin is not talented as his brother.答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由第六段kevin写在索引卡上的内容 “and dad wishes he had the other kevin as a kid because hes better at basketball. .” 可知，答案为b。4. what did the author learn from the incident?a. its hard to comfort young brothers at home.b. its dangerous to half notice someone in the family.c. its important for family members to show their love.d. the best way to communicate with family members is by writing.答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由倒数第三段 “tears came to my eyes again as i wrote back to him. you know kevin, i really do love you and im sorry i dont always show it. i am here for you and you are loved in this family.”和最后一段 “it returned to me with loving me written on it.”可知，作者从这个事情中意识到，对孩子们的爱要表现出来非常重要，故答案为c。an overweight, middle-aged man lies dead on a trolley, with a woman weeping over his body. the body s cold hand still grasps a half-eaten mcdonald s hamburger. american doctors tv ad features the image which weakens the slightest of appetites and the line i was lovin it the hard-hitting us television commercial supported by a washington-based medical group has angered mcdonald s by taking an unusually direct shot at the world s biggest fast-food chain this week. the line is a twist on mcdonald s long-standing advertising slogan, im lovin it” and a voiceover intones：“high cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. tonight, make it vegetarian.” the commercial，funded by the physicians committee for responsible medicine ( pcrm ) goes further than most non-profit advertising and has drawn an angry reaction from both the chicago-based hamburger multinational and the broader restaurant industry. the national restaurant association criticised it as irresponsible and said it was an attempt to scare the public with a limited” view of nutrition. a mcdonald s spokesman said：this commercial is unbearable, misleading and unfair to all consumers. mcdonald s trusts our customers to make food and lifestyle choices that are right for them. ” the commercial，to be aired at the beginning in the washington area but potentially in fuither us cities, comes amid an increasingly lively debate in the us about healthy eating. the first lady, michelle obamarhas made nutrition a signature issue and is leading a campaign to encourage physical fitness and improved diets - particularly among american children，a third of whom are overweight. the economic decline has hardly helped the healthy eating cause. mcdonald s has enjoyed a relatively prosperous financial crisis as diners choose its affordable offerings in place of more expensive high-street restaurants. its global profits for the six months to june were up 12% to $ 2. 3billion, powered by sales rises both in the united states and britain. the pcrm s director of nutrition education, susan levin, made no apologies for singling out the golden arches(拱门)： “ mcdonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable. we feel we re making a point about all fast food when we talk about mcdonald s. ”1. the ad-maker makes a change in the mcdonald s slogan _.a. to warn people of risk of eating fast foodb. to convince people of cause of the deathc. to remind people of the man s preferenced. to accuse the mcdonald s of the murder答案解析：答案为a。由第二段 “the line is a twist on mcdonald s long-standing advertising slogan, im lovin it” and a voiceover intones: high cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks. tonight, make it vegetarian.”可知，广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变是因为麦当劳的食物含有高胆固醇，它还会导致高血压，心脏病，因此广告商们警告人们吃麦当劳食物的危险，故答案为a。d选项“控告麦当劳谋杀”夸大了广告商的意图，故不选。2. the goal of this passage is to tell us that_.a. the tv commercial goes too farb. people enjoy eating fast food for its tastec. michelle obama s campaign doesn t workd. mcdonald s provides unhealthy food答案解析：答案为d。本题考查文章的写作目的。文章第一、二段介绍了广告商对麦当劳的标语进行了改变，意在警告人们麦当劳食物的危险性，后面的内容介绍了这样的广告惹怒了麦当劳和快餐饮食业，然而这种非盈利的广告还是得到了公众的支持，并且美国第一夫人michelle obama也在健康饮食运动中签字，最后一段重申了pcrm总会长susan levin的意见，对于打击麦当劳没有任何歉意，快餐食品危害人们的健康。因此，本文的写作目的就是告诉人们麦当劳的食物不健康。a、b、c都与写作目的无关，故不选。3. “the golden arches” in the last paragraph refers to _.a. the lineb. the adc. mcdonald sd. fast food答案解析：答案为c。本题为词义猜测题。由最后一段“the golden arches（金色的拱门）”后面的内容 “mcdonald s is one of the biggest fast-food chains in the world. its name and its golden arches are instantly recognisable.”可知，“the golden arches”指代的是麦当劳，故答案为c。4. what is the theme of the passage?a. a fierce debate about healthy eatingb. mcdonald s targeted in us health adc. a us health ad advocates healthy lifed. say goodbye to mcdonald s right now答案解析：答案为b。本题考查文章的主题。结合第2题的分析可知，本文的主题是围绕麦当劳成为美国健康饮食广告的打击对象而展开，故答案为b。bfor much of the world, vegetarianism (素食主义) is largely a matter of economics: meat costs a lot more than beans or rice, so meat becomes a special-occasion dish. even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control, and it often provides a side note to a meal rather than taking center stage. in countries like the united states where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost. parental preferences, religious or other beliefs, and health problems are among the most common reasons for choosing to be a vegetarian. many people choose a vegetarian diet out of concern over animal rights or the environment. and lots of people have more than one reason for choosing vegetarianism. different people follow different forms of vegetarianism. a true vegetarian eats no meat at all, including chicken and fish. a lactoovo vegetarian eats dairy products (乳制品) and eggs, but keeps out meat, fish, and chicken. it follows, then, that a lacto vegetarian eats dairy products but not eggs, and an ovo vegetarian eats eggs but not dairy products. a stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. not only are eggs and dairy products excluded (排除) from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey. some macrobiotic (养生的) diets fall into the vegan category. macrobiotic diets limit not only animal products but also refined and processed foods, foods with preservatives, and foods that contain caffeine or other stimulants (刺激物). following a macrobiotic or vegan diet could lead to nutritional deficiencies (营养不足) in some people. teens need to be sure their diets include enough nutrients to fuel growth, particularly protein and calcium. if youre interested in following a vegan or macrobiotic diet its a good idea to talk to a registered dietitian. he or she can help you design meal plans that include enough nutrients. 1. the underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means _.a. there is usually a note beside the meat in a mealb. meat often attracts peoples attention in a mealc. meat is served only a small amount in a meald. meat should play an important part in a meal答案解析：答案为c。本题为语义理解题。结合划线句子前面的内容 “even where meat is more plentiful, its still used in control” 可知，甚至是肉非常多的地方，人们仍然控制肉的进食量，因此肉在饮食中只是 “a side note” 而不是“center stage.”，因此划线句子意思是肉在饮食中只占少量，故答案为c。 2. which of the following is not the reason for americans being vegetarians?a. they are environmentally friendly.b. they are concerned about the rights of animals.c. they worry about their own health.d. they cant afford to buy meat.答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。由第二段 “in countries like the united states where meat is not as expensive, though, people choose to be vegetarians for reasons other than cost.” 可知，除了因为肉的花费原因外.，美国人选择素食有诸多原因。故答案为d。3. a vegan diet will include _.a. neither animal products nor diary productsb. diary products but no eggsc. animal products like honeyd. processed food答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段 “a stricter form of vegetarianism is veganism. not only are eggs and dairy products excluded from a vegan diet, so are animal products like honey.”可知，vegan diet里排除了eggs and dairy products，还排除了animal products ，故答案为a。4. according to the passage, the author would probably think that _. a. all the people should become vegetariansb. teens should be careful to be vegetariansc. vegetarianism is not a good thing for the worldd. vegetarianism can make a country develop faster答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节推理题。由最后一段可知，素食有可能导致营养不良，特别是青少年处于生长发育，饮食要有足够的营养，如果青少年对素食感兴趣，应该咨询营养学家，因此作者认为青少年应该对变成素食主义者非常小心，故答案为b。american researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system against infection（感染）. doctors at brigham and womens hospital in boston, massachusetts, did the study. the team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. this chemical is an amino acid（氨基酸）called l-theanine. the scientists say it may increase the strength of gamma delta t cells. thats the letter t, not the drink. gamma delta t cells are part of the bodys defenses.first, the researchers mixed some of these cells with antigens（抗原）found in the amino acid. antigens help the body react to infection. then the scientists added some bacteria（细菌）. within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection. cells not mixed with the antigens did not produce interferon.in the second part of the study, eleven people drank five to six cups of black tea every day. ten other people drank the same amount of instant coffee. that is dried coffee mixed with hot water.two weeks later, and again two weeks after that, the researchers tested the blood of all twenty-one people. they also looked at what happened when they added bacteria to the blood cells. they found that the tea drinkers produced five times more interferon after they started drinking tea. the coffee drinkers did not produce interferon.doctor jack bukowski led the study. he says the antigens added to the gamma delta t cells were responsible for the increased reaction to the bacteria. he says the study also showed that the cells were able to remember the bacteria and fight them again the next time.earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer. doctor bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. if the findings prove to be true, he says, then tea drinking might also help protect against bacterial infections. he says the amino acid l-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the bodys defenses.1. we may know from the text that _ can be found in different kinds of tea.a. gamma delta t cellsb. l-theaninec. interferond. bacteria 答案解析：答案为b。本题为推理题。由第一段 “the team studied a chemical found in black, green, oolong and pekoe tea. this chemical is an amino acid called l-theanine.” 可知，在black, green, oolong and pekoe tea里面发现了叫做l-theanine的化学成分。故答案为b。2. tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system because it helps _.a. the body to produce more interferon b. the body to produce more gamma delta t cellsc. to add some bacteria to the blood cells d. to mix antigens with some of the cells in the body答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。由第二段 “within twenty-four hours, the cells produced a lot of interferon, a substance that fights infection.” 可知，细胞产生interferon，它可以抵抗感染，故可推断，茶能增强身体的抵抗能力因为它能帮助身体产生更多的interferon。故答案为a。3. according to dr bukowski, _.a. the findings of the study have already proved to be trueb. he has taken some amino acid l-theanine from tea and made a drug with itc. further study is needed to prove the findings trued. he is not sure whether tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer 答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由最后一段首句 “earlier research already has found that tea can help prevent heart disease and cancer.” 可知，d选项错误。由该段的后文 “doctor bukowski says the new study must be repeated with more people. if the findings prove to be true”可知，a选项错误，c选项正确。由最后一句 “he says the amino acid l-theanine could be removed from tea and used as a drug to strengthen the bodys defenses.” 可知，dr bukowski认为可以从茶中提取amino acid l-theanine来制药，b选项与文意不符，故错误。4. what would be the best title for this text?a. tea is better than coffee.b. tea may help fight infectionc. tea can help prevent cancer.d. our body needs tea 答案解析：答案为b。全文都是围绕第一段首句 “american researchers say drinking tea may help strengthen the bodys defense system against infection.” 展开，故标题为b选项。maybe you never opened that account, but someone else did someone who used your name and personal information to commit fraud（造假）. when an imposter uses your name, your credit card number, or some other piece of your personal information for their own purpose in short, when someone takes your personal information without your knowledge its a crime, pure and simple.the biggest problem is that you may not know your identity（身份）has been stolen until you notice that somethings wrong: you may get bills for a credit card account you never opened, your credit report may include debts you never knew you had, a billing cycle may pass without your receiving a statement, or you may see charges on your bills that you didnt sign for, and even dont know anything about.if someone has stolen your identity, the federal trade commission (ftc) suggests that you take three actions immediately.first, contact the fraud departments of each of the three major credit offices. tell them to flag your file with a fraud alert（警告）including a statement that creditors should get your permission before opening any new accounts in your name.then, ask the credit offices for copies of your credit reports. credit offices must give you a free copy of your report if it is not correct because of fraud. review your reports carefully to make sure no additional fraudulent accounts have been opened in your name or unauthorized（侵权的）changes made to your present acc