中考英语代词详细讲解.doc

第一模块课堂新授 知识导入呈现20122014年中考选择题试卷，从整体上感知中考考点。本节课主要从代词的定义、代词的分类和代词的用法来讲解。 知识讲解常考点清单一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词（1） 人称代词单数复数一二三一二三主格宾格 （2）人称代词的用法 I 人称代词的主格在句中充当主语She is a good student. II 人称代词宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语 I dont know her. His mother is waiting for him outside. -Who is there? -Its me. III 人称代词语序几个代词并列充当主语时，它们的顺序是：单数(2，3, 1）you,he/she and I复数（1, 2, 3）we,you and they2 物主代词物主代词分为形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词。单数复数一二三一二三他的她的它的形容词性名词性注意：I 形容词性物主代词+n.，一般不单独使用 His parents are both office workers. My name is Jessie. II 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词 My idea is quite different from hers.( her idea) III 冠词a,an the 和this,that,some 后不能用物主代词。 She is a my friend. She is my friend.IV 名词性物主代词可与of连用作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。 He is a friend of mine.(=of my friends) He is a friend of me.3 反身代词（1） 反身代词的单复数形式单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称 （2）反身代词用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语） The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语,表示亲自或自己） That poor boy was myself.(作表语） (3) 反身代词的常用词组 teach oneself _ learn by oneself_ enjoy oneself_ help oneself_ come to oneself_ hurt oneself_ by oneself_常考点清单二 指示代词、疑问代词、it1 指示代词单数复数2 指示代词用法（1）this/these 近指This is my pen.These are my books. 指下文要提到的事 Please remember this:No pains,no gains.(2) that/those 远指 Thats her bike. 指前面刚刚提到过的事 He was ill.That was why he didnt go to school.(3) 打电话用this介绍自己,that 表示对方This is Jessie speaking. Is that Jack speaking?2 疑问代词 疑问代词主要用法例句who谁，问人（主格）Who wants to go with me?whom谁，问人（宾格）To whom are you talking?whose谁的，所属关系Whose book is this?what什么Whats your father?He is a doctor.which哪一个，哪一些，Which one do you like best?3 代词it（1） 指代前面提过的事物 The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jessie. (2) 代替指示代词this或that。 -Whats that? -It is a pen. (3) 指代婴儿或不明身份的人 Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is. (4) 指代时间或季节 It is ten oclock. (5) 指代天气 -Whats the weather like today? -It is sunny. (6) 指代距离How far is it from your school to your home? (7) 常用于以下句型：It is + adj.+(for sb) to do sth.It is important for us to work hard.Its time to do /for/that.Its time to get up/for lunch/that we went home. It seems that.It seems that you are right.Its ones turn to do.Its your turn to sing.Its + adj. +that .Its natural that they should have different views. (8) 作形式宾语Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in time? (9) 引导强调句型：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他 It is he who goes to school by bike every day.常考点清单三 普通不定代词及复合不定代词1 初中阶段普通不定代词some,anyfew,littlenonemany,mucheither,neitheroneeach,everyboth,allother2普通不定代词用法 （1）some/any 相同点：some/any均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词 不同点：some一般用于肯定句，any用疑问句，否定句和条件句。 但在疑问句中当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议用some There arent any students in the classroom. Look! Some boys are playing football. Would you like some tea? 注意：something,anything等词的用法基本和some，any用法一致。(2) many/much How many bottles of water do you need? I dont have much money. （3) both/all/either/any/neither/none都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者（以上）allanynone 注意：both.and.两者都 Both his father and his mother are teacher. neither.nor.两者都不 Neither his father nor his mother is teacher. either.or.或.或.,要么.要么. Either he or his brother goes to London.either/neither of + 名词（代词）的复数 + 谓语动词（第三人称单数） Neither of the books is good. either.or./neither.nor.连接两个主语时，采取就近原则。 Neither you nor he is wrong. (4) each/every( 每个）eachevery Every student in Class 5 passed the exam. Each of us wears a yellow shirt. We each wear a yellow shirt. (5) little/a little/few/a few代替复数名词代替不可少名词肯定a fewa little否定fewlittle -Would you please buy some salt for me?-There is little left.I recognized a few of other people.3 复合不定代词初中阶段复合不定代词somebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomeoneanyoneno oneeveryonesomethinganythingnothingeverything注意：形容词或else放复合不定代词后面He has something important to tell you. Can you find anyone else?三. 巩固练习(2013江苏连云港）Ive got several novels written by Mo Yan.You can borrow_if you like.A it B one C every D either(2013浙江温州）-Ill have a tennis game tomorrow. Im a little bit nervous. -Believe in _. Youre the best in our club. A herself B myself C yourself D himself(2013浙江绍兴）-Which magazine do you like better,Crazy Reading or TennsSpace? -I like _ of them.They are useful for English learners. A none B neither C all D both(2012山东临沂） I asked two people the way to the station, but_of them could help me. A both B neither C either D all(2012安徽）-Whose pen is this? -Oh,its_.I was looking for it everywhere. A you B yours C me D mine 四. 能力提升 易混知识点1 other/the other/others/the others/another不定代词意义用法说明other另外的只作定语the other两者中的另一个one.the other.others泛指别的人或物some.others.the others特指其余所有的人或物剩余的全部another任何一个，另一个三者或三者以上的任何一个 I dont like this shirt.Would you like to show me _one. Looking at the student.Some are cleaning the windows,_are sweeping the floor. There are two bags.One is red,_ is blue.2 it/one/that代替代词的区别it同物，one同类不同物，that避免重复。The book is mine.Its very interesting.-Who has a pen?-I have one.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.五 中考链接在解答代词题目时，明确代词所指的对象。具体应从以下几方面考虑：1 代词指代人还是物2 代词指代可数还是不可数3 代词指代是特指还是泛指概念4 代词指代的概念是两者还是三者或三者以上5 代词指代的是肯定还是否定概念6 理解句意选择答案第三模块 题型训练【2014铜仁】Is this _ bike?No, its Lilys. _ is over there.A. your; My B. your; Mine C yours; Mine D. yours; My【2014铜仁】In our school, _ students like English, but _ of them can speak English smoothly.A. a little; a few B. a few; few C. a few, little D. a little; few【2014黄冈】Which of the two magazines will you take? Ill take _ though I find _ of them are very useful to me.A. all; both B. either; either C. either; neither D. either; both【2014黄冈】Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.Why _? John is sitting there doing nothing at all.A. I B. me C. myself D. mine【2014长沙】_of us wants to go to the park today, because we have to finish so much homework.A. Either B. Both C. Neither【2014河北】Do you have toys? Id like to buy _ for my cousin.A. it B. one C. this D. that【2014河北】We must protect plants. They are friends of _.A. we B. us C. our D. ours【2014重庆市】Aunt Tina will visit us soon. _ is arriving tomorrow morning.A. He B. She C. His D. Her【2014安徽】You can take _ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.A. both B. none C. either D. neither【2014重庆市B】Help _ to some fish, Jeff.A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself【2014河南】At present, children mean _ to most parents in China.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something【2014陕西】Dont worry. Were old enough to look after _.A. myself B. me C. ourselves D. us【2014黔西南州】Is this _ ruler?No. _ is over there.A. her; Her B. her; Hers C. hers; Hers D. hers; Her【2014北京】Look! The clock has stopped. Maybe theres _ wrong with it.A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing【2014南京】Excuse me, may I use your bicycle? _ is broken.Certainly. But remember to return it before lunch.A. I B. Me C. Myself D. Mine【2014南京】I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldnt find _ suitable.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything【2014扬州】Which of the two T-shirts would you like?_. I dont like their styles.A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither【2014重庆市B】Would you like coffee or tea?_. Some water, please.A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. All【2014苏州】This work needs close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything第四模块课后作业1 复习本节课内容2 完成布置的练习题。3 归纳名词的知识点一 选择题1 -Tom,supper is ready.-I dont want to eat_,Mum. Im not feeling well.A everything B nothing C something D anything2 You dont have a drink.Can I get you_?A something B everything C anything D nothing3-Im leaving for the exam.Bye-bye,Mum. -Well,make sure youve got_ready.A something B anything C everything D nothing4 -I am a little hungry,Mom. -There are some cakes on the plate.You can take_A it B one C that D this5-Excuse me .I want to buy some stamps.Where can I find a post office?-I know_not far from here,You can easily find_A that, it B it, one C one, it6 -Your tea smells great! -Its from India.Would you like_?A it B this C some D little 7 There are lots of restaurants in our lown.And most of _ are clean and cheap.A it B they C us D them8 We have decided to try_ best to raise more money for the local charity.A us B our C we D ours9 My father is ill in bed. I have to look after_at home.A he B his D him D himself10 Its very important for us to learn how to learn by_A ourselves B itself C myself D themselves11 The man called his professor for help because he couldnt solve the problem by_A herself B himself C yourself D themselves12 I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R.Kelly.This song tells us that believing in _is very important.A themselves B ou