中考重点知识讲解--反意疑问句.doc

中考重点知识讲解-反意疑问句 反意疑问句是指先陈述一件事，再用省略的一般疑问句附加在其后构成的疑问句。通常用yes/no回答。 对于反意疑问句，我们必须知道的基本规则： 1、反意疑问句的陈述部分如果是肯定，附加的一般疑问句就用否定形式；如果陈述部分是否定，则附加部分用肯定形式。 （我们可以这样记忆这条规则：前肯后否，前否后肯） 如：This is a book, isnt it? This is not a book, is it? You can speak some English, cant you? You cant speak any English, can you? 2、反意疑问句的附加部分（疑问句）的主语一定要用人称代词充当（前句为there be句型除外，在那样的情形里，句尾还用there），如果后部分是否定，一定要用缩写形式。（前部分为I am时，后部分用arent I?）如：I am a teacher, arent I?There will be a meeting, wont there? 3、如何回答反意疑问句对于很多同学来说可能会是一个问题，因为在这点上 英语和汉语的习惯不同。下面我们来进行对比。 汉语：“你不是一个老师，是吗？”“是的，我不是。” 英语：You arent a teacher, are you? No, Im not. 汉语：“你不是一个老师，是吗？”“不，我是。” 英语：You arent a teacher, are you? Yes, I am.通过对比，我们可以发现汉语的答语可以前面是否定、后面是肯定，而英语绝对不行，前后必须一致，要么全部用肯定，要么全部用否定。这一点请同学们务必要用心琢磨，因为这是中考中的一个常见考点。我在回答反意疑问句的时候，总是先考虑答语的后部分到底该用肯定还是否定，然后再给这个答语的前面加上Yes或者No，大家不妨也和我一样考虑这样的问题。其它应该知道的规则：1陈述部分里的代词no one(nobody)、everyone(everybody)、someone(somebody)、anyone(anybody)等，在最后部分用he或者they代替。如：Everyone should work hard, shouldnt he/they?2must作必须讲，后部分用must或者need；must not作禁止讲，后部分用may。如：We must keep quiet in the library, mustnt/neednt we?They must not park their cars here, may they?3有时候前面的陈述部分看似陈述形式，但其中含有seldom（不常）、hardly（几乎不）、nobody（没人）、nothing（没有什么）、never（从不）、none（一个也没有）、neither(两者都不)、few（几乎没有）、little（几乎没有）等表示否定意义的词，此时要把陈述部分看成否定，其后的附加疑问句要用肯定形式；某些句子里含有dis-或者un-这样表示否定意义的前缀的复合词(如dislike和unusual)，还是要把它看成肯定句。如：He is never late for school, is he?He can hardly believe you, can he?There is nothing new in todays newspaper, is there?It seldom rains here in spring, does it?It is very unusual, isnt it?4“(Dont)+动词原形+其他”这样的祈使句无论否定还是肯定，反意疑问句的疑问部分都用“will you”。Open the door. Open the door, will you?Dont talk in class. Dont talk in class, will you?5Lets do 和Let us doLets（包含对方，所以后部分用shall we?）Let us（不包含对方,所以后部分用 will you?）如：Lets play football, shall we? 这句话的含义是说话者邀请听话人和他一起去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词we。Let us play football, will you? 这句话的含义是说话者请求听话人允许他去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词you。6把感叹句看成一般意义的陈述句，然后照一般的规则处理。如：What a good boy he is, isnt he?How hard he works, doesnt he?7英语里没有am not的缩写形式，一般用arent。如：I am your friend, arent I?8前部分有“过去常常干某事used to do sth.”这样的结构，后半部分用didnt或者usednt。如：You used to get up early in the morning, didnt/usednt you?9前部分含有“I think”，如“I think he is right. ”，应该把它理解成“He is right”，然后做相应的疑问部分。因为think后的宾语从句不能含有not，所以“I dont think he is right.”应该看成“He isnt right”，然后做相应的疑问部分。如：I think he is right, isnt he?I dont think he is right, is he?下面我们来做一些练习：1. The computer is very useful in our life, _ it? A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt D. doesnt前部分是肯定形式，一般现在时，所以选择A。2. -She didnt come to school yesterday, did she? - _, though she was not feeling well. A. No, she didnt B. No, she did C. Yes, she didnt D. Yes, she did从though（尽管）可以看出她还是来了学校，所以反意疑问句答语的后部分肯定是she did，然后在它之前应该Yes，所以答案应该选择D。3. There is little milk in the bottle, _? A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt there D. is there前部分含有表示否定意义的little，所以选择D。4. He has few friends in the new school, _? A. has he B. is he C. doesnt he D. did he前部分含有表示否定意义的few，所以选择A。5. “Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you?” “ _. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.” A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent从乙的回答可以看出乙没有见过恐龙蛋，所以选择。6. Bob likes traveling very much, _ he? A. isnt B. is C. doesnt D. does前部分是肯定，谓语动词为单数第三人称形式的一般动词，所以选择C。7. Kates never seen Chinese film, _? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she前部分含有表示否定意义的never，所以选择B。8. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _ ? A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they前部分含有表示否定意义的few，时态为一般过去时，所以选择C。9. -Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _? -No. She got up too late. A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she前部分含有表示否定意义的nothing，时态为一般过去时，所以选择C。10. Mr. King has never been to France, _? A. has he B .hasnt Mr. King C. hasnt he D. has Mr. King前部分含有表示否定意义的never，句末一般为人称代词，所以选择A。11. “You never have noodles, _ you?” “No. I only like rice.” A. do B. dont C. have D. havent前部分含有表示否定意义的never，时态为一般现在时，而且have在这里意思是“吃”，而不是“有”，所以选择A。12. His sister had a bad cough, _ she? A. wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt前部分为肯定、一般过去时，而且had在这里表示得病，所以选择D。13. An elephant is strong, _ it?A. doesnt B. does C. isnt D. is前部分是肯定，所以选择C。14. The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _ ?A. does it B. doesnt it C. did it D. didnt it前部分是肯定的一般过去时，所以选择D。15. Dont forget to return the library book, _ ? A. will you B. can you C. do you D. are you标准的祈使句，后部分一律用will you，答案为A。16. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?A. did he B. couldnt he C. didnt he D. could he前部分含有表示否定意义的hardly，所以选择D。17. Marys brother had a talk at school yesterday afternoon, _A. had he B. hadnt he C. did he D. didnt he前部分为肯定，一般过去时，而且have表示的是进行活动的意思，所以选择D。18. - Lucy didnt come to school, did she ? - _. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didnt. D. Yes, she didnt.从乙的回答可以判断出Lucy没有上学，所以答案选择C。19. There will be a volleyball match in our school, _?A. be there B. is there C. will there D. wont there前部分为肯定的there be，时态为一般将来时，选择D。20. Alice stayed up late last night, _?A. didnt her B. didnt Alice C. did she D. didnt she前部分为肯定，一般过去时，答案为D。21. -Lets go and fly kites, _? -Wonderful! A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. do you甲邀请乙和他一起去，包含听话人，选择B。22. Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _? A. havent you B. have you C. do you D. dont you前部分有否定词never，时态为现在完成时，选择B。/crmfkb//nwtjmfwz//swqjkb//pchswz//pzgchqajjcx箇xz?/http:/www