Unit11单词和讲解.doc

Unit11 1.restroom公共厕所 （同 toilet）. 美(在酒店、饭店内的)公共厕所，洗手间/更衣室/休息室 She is in the restroom now2.shampoo洗发水名词 n. 1. 洗发;洗头C2. 洗发精UCa liquid shampoo 洗发液 I want to buy shampoo.n. 洗发剂，洗涤剂，洗头vt. 洗（头发，地毯等）She shampooed her hair. 她洗了头发。名词复数:shampoos单数第三人称shampoos动词过去式:shampooed现在分词；shampooing过去分词:shampooed3.drugstore杂货店；药店drugdrg n药,毒品v 下药,使.服麻醉药吸毒动词过去式:drugged单数第三人称:drugs过去分词:drugged现在分词:druggingThere are some drugstores here. 4.cafe咖啡馆；小餐馆.We had our lunch in a cafe and hurried back to the car. 我们在一家小餐馆里吃了午饭, 就又匆匆回到车上。名词 n. 1. 屋外饮食店,小餐馆,饮食摊C2. 咖啡厅CWe went into the cafe for coffee and dessert. 我们到咖啡厅喝杯咖啡,吃些点心。 3. 【美】酒馆,酒吧,夜总会C4. 咖啡U5 department部门；局；系,省Chinese Education Department 中国教育部=the Education Department of China The book department is on the second floor.图书部在二楼She is a student of the department of English.她是英语系的学生。6. department store超市 Here is a department store here.7 escalator电动扶梯自动楼梯,电扶梯The new store has escalators to carry customers from one floor to another. 这家新商店有自动扶梯将顾客从一层楼面运送到另一层楼面8 magic魔术；魔力 (magicianmdin魔术师)He is going to perform magic at the party. 他将在晚会上表演魔术。 adj. 有魔力的,神奇的n. 魔法,魔术vt. 使用魔(变出等) 9 fresh新鲜的 (同new 反义词old)adj. 新鲜的,无经验的,淡(水)的, 精神饱满的, 纯洁无瑕的, 生动的I feel really fresh after my holiday. 我度假之后真觉得又精神饱满了Open the window and let in some fresh air. 打开窗户, 让新鲜的空气进来。10 block街区；街短 We live on the same block. 我们住在同一个街区。n街区, 木块, 石块n. 阻塞(物), 障碍(物)v. 阻塞(规则动词)Road are blocked by snow.道路被雪堵塞了。a block of ice一块冰a block of wood11 oak橡树；橡木 n. 橡树, 橡木adj. 橡木制的名词 n. 1. 橡树C2. 橡木U3. 橡木家具U4. 橡木色,棕色The door is made of oak. 这门是橡木做的。12 uncrowded不拥挤的；宽敞的crowded- adj. 拥挤的The new store is crowded with customers这家新开的商店里挤满了顾客crowdkraud .n 群众,一伙,一堆（可数名词crowds）vi. 拥挤,挤满,挤进 挤满,将.塞进,催促催促;催逼Dont crowd me, Ill pay. 别催逼我,我会付的The street was crowded with people.街道上挤满了人。n. 群众,一伙v. 拥挤,挤满,挤进一堆,许多CI saw a crowd of magazines and papers on her desk.我看见她桌上放着一堆杂志和报纸。动词过去式:crowded 过去分词:crowded 现在分词:crowding 第三人称单数:crowds13 safe安全的；可靠的、平安的,无损的(反义词 dangerous)adj. 安全的n. 保险箱 （可数名词）The train is a safe means of transportation. 火车是一种安全的交通工具。He put all his money in a safe.他把所有的钱放入保险箱里。拓展；safety (名词) 名词复数:safeties Its very important to teach the children about road safety. 把交通安全常识教给孩子们是非常重要的。safety first 安全第一vt. 保护n. 安全,保险机,安全打14 slide滑道；滑动装置 n. 滑,幻灯片,雪崩,山崩,滑坡,滑梯vt. 使滑vi. 滑,跌落 名词 C1. 滑,滑行,滑动The car went into a slide on the iced road. 汽车在结冰的路上打滑了。 2.幻灯片She used slides as a teaching aid. 她用幻灯片作教学工具。1. The thief slid into the room. 小偷溜进房间。slide into不知不觉地陷入(不知不觉地染上)slide off从滑落下来2. The book slid off my knee. 书从我膝上滑落。They are sliding on the ice.他们在溜冰。动词过去式:slid单数第三人称:slides过去分词:slid现在分词:sliding15 water slide水滑道 This is a water slide.16 clown小丑 play the clown 扮小丑n. 小丑, 粗鲁愚蠢的人vi. 扮小丑, 胡闹 (规则动词)The clowns performance made people laugh. 小丑的表演把人们逗笑了。17 staff职员；工作人员 (全体)职员,(全体)工作人员C The teaching staff of this college is/are excellent. 这所大学的教师都是出类拔萃的。n. 全体人员, 同事vt. 配备员工 The hotel staff were helpful.旅店的全体职工很热情。Staff通常以单数形式出现，并与复数名词/动词连用。Our hospital is staffed with 30 doctors. 我们医院有三十名医生Staff作动词通常用于被动语态be staffed with配有be staffed by配有staffs(工作人员) staves(五线谱) 复数为staves)【音】五线谱C18 organized有组织的The army must be organized。军队必须要有组织性。organize（动词）组织（规则动词）organizer（名词。组织者）organization (名词 。组织)They have established a student organization. 他们建立了一个学生组织。19 dress up装扮；穿上盛装、打扮得漂漂亮亮Li Yuchun dresses up like a boy.She was dressed up in her Sunday best. 她身着节日盛装。be dressed in穿着She wears a beautiful evening dress. 她穿着一件漂亮的晚礼服。20 market市场；集市广场 n. 市场,交易,推销地区v 在市场上交易,使.上市/在市场上买卖 Mother has gone to the market.21 lend借给；借,贷款,给予,增添/贷款借出 过去式:lent现在分词:lending过去分词:lent第三人称单数:lendsCan you lend me some money? 你能借我点钱吗？lend是借出 lend sb.sth= lend sth. to sb.borrow是借入 borrow sth. from sb.lend 是借出，是借给别人，东西出去borrow是借入，是别人借给你自己的，是东西入手borrow 是你借别人的东西,如:I borrowed 2 books from library yesterday.昨天我从图书馆借了两本书.lend 是你把东西借给别人.lend 是你把东西借给别人. I have lent my bike to my classmate.我把自行车借给了我同学.22 park公园；停车 n. 运动场,专业区,园区,公园,停车处vi. 停车(规则动词) My car is parked over there. 我的汽车停放在那儿了I often take my children to play in the park. 我经常带我的孩子们去公园玩。23 alright=all right好吧 Lets go to see our teacher-Alright(All right)24 direct直接的；直率的 adj. 笔直的,直接的,坦白的vt. 指挥，命令，负责 指导，指出 (规则动词)This is the most direct road.这是最直的一条路。25 order命令；指示n.订单, 命令n. 顺序, 整齐, vt.命令, 调整, 定购 动词过去式:ordered单数第三人称:orders过去分词:ordered现在分词:orderingHe ordered her to go. 他命令她走Please order me a copy. 请给我定购一本。26 wonder觉得奇怪；想知 n. 奇迹, 惊奇, v. 惊奇, 想知道, 怀疑adj.奇妙的, 非凡的 I wonder who he is. 我很想知道他是谁I wonder whether you like her. 我想知道你是否喜欢她。对.感到奇怪+(that)We wonder that the little boy is a university student. 我们很惊奇这小男孩是大学生。词过去式:wondered单数第三人称:wonders过去分词:wondered现在分词:wondering27 lead引导；引诱 动词过去式:led单数第三人称:leads过去分词:led现在分词:leading1. The guide led us to the river. 向导带领我们到河边。lead to sth.导致1. Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 2. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。leaderli:d 领袖, 领导者28 trouble麻烦；烦恼(规则动词)1. n. 困扰,麻烦,困难,故障vt.& vi. 困扰,麻烦Im sorry to trouble you, but I wondered if we could have a word some time. 很遗憾要打扰你一下, 我想问问我们什么时候能聊聊。29 offend冒犯；得罪、犯罪, 令人不适,违反动词过去式:offended单数第三人称:offends过去分词:offended现在分词:offendingI am sorry if I have offended you.I hope I havent offended you. 我希望我未冒犯您。30 certain某些；某个某,一位姓.的(人)A certain person called on you yesterday. 昨天有个人来拜访过你。31 structure结构；构造 The structure of this sentence is simple. 这个句子的结构简单。n. 结构,体系,建筑物vt. 构成,建造 动词过去式:structured第三人称单数structures过去分词:structured现在分词:structuring2 hand in交上；提交 Hand in your examination paper. 把你们的卷子交上来。Dean Sunville Killeen Valve 重点讲解1.Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？Could you？是个句型，could在此不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、有礼貌。在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中，常用some和something，而不用any和anything。(1)Could you lend me your motorbike， please？ 请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？(2)Could you tell me something about yourself.请谈谈你自己好吗？2. The bank is next to the bookstore.银行在书店的旁边。next to： a close beside贴近，靠近如：Im sitting next to Mary.我坐在玛丽的旁边。英语中表示方位的表达有： close to在附近； on the left/right side在左/右边； in the middle of在的中间； in front of 在的前面； betweenand在之间； be opposite to在对面； across from 在对面。3. Its also just fun to watch people.观察人是很有趣的。Its+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.(对于某人来说，做某事是的)该句型中，it是一个形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to do sth.句型中的for sb.常根据需要省略。如：Its impossible for him to get up early.对于他来说，早起床是不可能的。4. When I go into stores I always spend too much money！当我走进商店，我总会花掉很多的钱。spend，cost，take，pay 都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。1)spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time/money on sth. 在上花费时间(金钱)。如： I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。如： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。spend money for sth. 花钱买。如： His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了。2)cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.)+金钱，某物花了(某人)多少钱。如： A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(doing) sth. costs (sb.)+时间，某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。如： Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。3)take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。如： It took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。 doing sth. takes sb. +时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。如： Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。4)pay的基本用法是：pay(sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买,如： I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英镑的房租。pay for sth. 付的钱。如： I have to pay for the book lost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。pay for sb.替某人付钱。如：Dont worry！ Ill pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。5. Its kind of small.它有点小。kind of： rather；in a certain way 有点儿，有几分。如： Im feeling kind of tired.我感到有点儿累了。a kind of：a sort of 一种。如：Shark is a kind of fish in the sea. 鲨鱼是一种海里的鱼。1.宾语从句 ：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成 常由下面的一些连接词引导：a) 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略b) 由if , whether 引导 表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) c) 由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) 2. get v. 得到、买、到达3. make a telephone call 打电话 4. save money 省钱、存钱 5. 问路常用的句子： Do you know where is ? Can you tell me how can I get to ? Could you tell me how to get to ？Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?中的how to get to the park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，可是相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）6. 日常交际用语： take the elevator / escalator to the floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到楼 turn left / right = take a left / right 向左/ 右转 go past 经过 go straight 向前直走7. next to 旁边、紧接着 8. between and 在和之间 9. decide to do 决定做 decide v. decision n. make a decision 做个决定10. Is that a good place to hang out? 中的to hang out修饰前面名词place，不定式作定语. 如：There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。中的to eat修饰代词s