定语从句讲解及练习2.doc

定语从句讲解及练习定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，位于从句之前。定语从句有关系代词that、which、who、whose、whom和关系副词when 、where、why引导.定语从句的基本结构为：先行词 + 关系代/副词 + 句子do you know the boy who is wearing a blue jacket?the skirt that /which is made of silk is very expensive. i cant afford it.the number of the people who/that own cars is increasing.the house that(which、/) the famous person once lived in is very old now.考点1. 关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why.a. that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略；不引导非限定性定语从句there are lots of things _ i need to prepare before the trip. （10河北） a. who b. that c. whom d. whose(答案: b)b. which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.可引导非限定性定语从句。this is the dictionary _ mum gave me for my birthday. (08河北)a. which b. what c. whose d. whom(答案：a)sorry, we dont have the coat _ you need. (09河北)a. what b. who c. whom d. which(答案：d)c. who般指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）jamie is a young cook _ wants to improve school dinners. (10天津)a. who b. whose c. whom d. which(答案：a)d. whose 作定语,表示所属关系。i like the teacher _ classes are very interesting and creative. (09兰州)a. which b. who c. what d. whose(答案：d)e. when 作时间状语:when =介词 + whichshe will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.f. where 作地点状语 where = 介词 + which i want to know the place where (= in which) i was born.g. why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason. why = for which that is the reason why(= for which) im late.2. 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。1. i prefer shoes that are cool. 2. i like a pizza that is really delicious.3. 有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：1).当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing ,或被它们修饰时。thats all that i know.is there anything that i can do for you?2).当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰that is the most interesting book that i have ever read.3).当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。thats the only thing that i can do now. these are the very words that he used.4).当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.who is the girl that spoke to you just now? which is the pen that you lost ?5).先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.the man and his dog that i always meet are standing by the gate.6).当关系代词在从句中作表语时。china is not the country that it was.4. 只用 which ,不用that 的情况：1).关系代词前有介词时。this is the cage that / which polly lives in.= this is the cage in which(where) polly lives .2).先行词本身为 that.the clock is that which tells the time.3). 在非限制性定语从句中。his english, which used to be poor , is excellent now.定语从句专项练习1.sorry, we dont have the coat _ you need. a. what b. who c. whom d. which2.this is the dictionary _ mum gave me for my birthday. a. which b. what c. whose d. whom3.do you know the man _ is sitting behind nancy? a. what b. which c. who d. whom4.the book _ he bought yesterday is very interesting. a. / b. why c. when d. what5.i have found some pictures of the most interesting places _ you can visit during the winter holidays. a. where b. which c. what d. that6.id like to tell you about the table manners _ you should know when you visit korea. a. which b. who c. what d. how7.i shall never forget those years _ i lived on the farm with the farmers, _has a great effect on my life.a. when; who b. that; whichc. which; that d. when; which 8.is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?a. that b. / c. which d. it 9.is _ some german friends visited last week? a. this school b. this the schoolc. this school one d. this school where 10.-what kind of music do you like?-i like music _ has great lyrics. a. that b. what c. who d. whose11.that is the only thing _ i bought from the supermarket. a. which b. that c. what d. where12.the place _ interested me most was the childrens palace. a. which b. where c. what d. in which13.the computer _ last week has gone wrong. a. which i bought it b. i boughtc. what i bought d. i bought it14.that is the poor boy _ father died in a traffic accident last year. a. who b. whom c. whose d. which15.do you know the girl _ is standing under the tree?a. who b. whom c. which d. where16.is the woman _ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother? a. who b. whom c. which d. what17.the young lady _ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. a. what b. whose c. whom d. which18.i like to live in a house _ is big and bright.a. that b. who c. how d. why19.i hate people _ talk much but do little.a. whom b. which c. who d. when20.i am one of the boys _never late for school.a. that is b. who are c. who am d. who is21.mr green, there is someone at the front desk _ would like to speak with you. a. he b. who c. which d. whom22.i love the small village _ i was born. a. that b. which c. where d. whose23.here comes the girl _ handwriting is the best in our class. a. which b. whose c. that d. who24.my parents usually buy me some simple clothes _ can last a long time. a. who b. that c. whom d. whose25.-is the girl _ is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? -yes, she is a journalist from cctv. a. whom b. which c. who d. whose26.-do you know everybody _ came to the party? -no, i dont know the one_ you had a long talk with near the door. a. who;/ b. whose; thatc. that; which d. /; whom27.the boy_ won the first prize is called roy. a. when b. whom c. who d. which28.children like houses _ are painted in different colours. a. which b. they c. those d. what29.do you think most students prefer test