高考英语语法专题讲解-名词从句.doc

高考英语语法专题讲解-名词从句名词性从句有：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句引导名词性从句的连接词有：连接代词：who, whom, what, which，有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等；连接副词：when, where, why, how，有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语；连接词：that, whether, if, as if. 1. that 1.1 that引导名词性从句的省略情况1.1.1 that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. =It made us surprised that he suddenly fell ill last week 形式主语1.1.2 that引导宾语从句时一般可省略，但在以下几种情况中不能省略:1）当that从句和主句有插入词语时不能省略； e.g. Hejudgedthat, becausehewasachild,hedidnotunderstandwine. 插入语2）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时不能省略；e.g. Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried. 另一名词性从句3）当that作介词宾语时不能省略。e.g. Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo. That从句做in 的宾语1.2引导名词性从句的that和what的区别that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义，只起连接作用, 且在宾语从句中有时可省略；而what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。e.g. That he said so made us angry . 无意义What he said at the meeting made us angry. 指代说话的内容China is no longer what it used to be. 指代过去的样子2. 疑问词+ever2.1疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别疑问词+ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。e.g. Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished.nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。e.g. Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbepunished. 2.2 Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。 e.g. I cant remember at the moment who has said the words. I dont mind whoever made such a speech.【主语从句专项训练】1. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. that D. where 2. It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever3. _ you have seen both fighters, _ will win?A. Since; do you think who B. As; who you thinkC. When; whoever D. Since; who do you think4. Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel shows _ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C. / D. it that5. Then arAose the question _ we were to get so much money.A. where B. that C. about which D. in which6. It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. master B. masters C. mastered D. will master7._ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （2008山东）A. It B. This C. What D. As8. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建）A. It B. WhatC. As D. Which9. Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher. （2008安徽）A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long10. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (2008浙江)A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who11. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice. （2007全国II）A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which12. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. (2007浙江)A. where B. what C. when D. why13. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (2007湖南)A. why B. that C. when D. where14. Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals. A. asB. that C. whatD. which15. I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is16. Chances are high _ China and Russia will make an agreement to build an oil pipeline.A. when B. where C. that D. which17. I dont doubt _ hell come.A. that B. how C. whether D. what18. After 15 years, she changed a lot and looked quite different from _ she used to be.A. that B. whom C. what D. who19. _ really surprised me most was the suggestion that he _. A. What; had made B. That; should makeC. What; should make D. That; had made20. You are saying that the fight against cyber crimes like “Yanzhao