高考英语一轮 Unit3 Inventors and inventions课后强化作业 新人教版选修8.doc

unit 3inventors and inventions.单词拼写1his proposal is thought of as _ (实用的)2the ice is too thin to _ (负担，承受) your weight.3its our _ (期望) that you will do well.4we should try our best to put the enemy in a _ (被动的) position.5as we all know, newspapers influence the _ (潮流) of thought.6in this resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and _ (便利) of modern tourism.7this ladder doesnt seem very _ (稳固的)8every _ (文件) on the same desk must have a different name.9he declared that he was _ (清白的)10she _ (轻打) me on the shoulder, but i didnt feel it.答案：1.practical2.bear3.expectation4.passive5.current6.convenience7.stable8.file9.innocent10.tapped.完成句子1finally the operator_ _ _(给我接通) to mr. smith.2the teacher was angry with tom because he looked out of the window_ _ _(时不时地)3he_ _(挂断) before i could ask his name.4the machine is_ _ _(发生故障). i have to have it repaired.5 if you_ _(稍等) for a while，i will go and see if i can find your mother.答案： 1. got me through2. now and then3. rang off4. out of order5. hang on.单项填空1hello. may i speak to bill, please?_.abill speakingbim bill cyou are speaking to billdim speaking答案：a考查交际用语。由第一句可知，这是电话交际用语，完整正确回答是this is bill speaking。2christmas day is usually celebrated on december 25th _the birth of jesus christ.ain praise ofbin honor ofcin terms of din association with答案：b考查介词短语。in praise of“表扬”；in honour of“为了纪念”；in terms of“就而言”；in association with“与联合”。根据句意选b。3the car factory has produced a new car of high quality；its only_is that it uses a lot of petrol.aadvantage bdrawback cmistake dprofit答案：b考查名词。句意：该汽车制造厂已经生产出一种高性能的车。该车的唯一缺点是耗油大。drawback“缺点，不利条件”。4please come and help me with this application form because i dont know how to_it.aset about bset outcset up dset aside答案：aset about“着手做某事”；set out“开始，出发”；set up“建立，开业”；set aside“留出，拨出；不顾，不理会；驳回，取消”。 5the lazy boy is expecting a way_he can get through the exams without hard work.athat bin thatcwhich dwhere答案：a考查定语从句。当way作先行词，并在定语从句中作状语时，关系词用that或in which或省略。6just then, the young man dived_his pocket and took out a sharp knife.aon bintocfor din答案：b考查dive into的用法。句意：就在那时，年轻人迅速把手伸进口袋，拿出一把尖刀。dive into“迅速把手伸入”。7(2012济南模拟)if you have to catch the first bus every day, choose this hotel. it is very _ for the stationits only a twominute walk.aclose bcomfortablecconvenient dnear答案：cbe convenient for sth.“附近的，近便的，容易到达的”。be close/near to. “离近”。8(2012宁波模拟)color blind people often find it difficult to _ between red and green.aseparate btellccompare ddistinguish答案：d句意：色盲者很难辨别红色与绿色。distinguish between. and. “在间辨别”。separate“分离”；tell表示“辨别”时为及物动词常用tell a from b结构；compare“比较”。9my cousin is really enthusiastic about playing basketball. _ he shoots a ball, he likes to think of himself as a kobe bryant.aat one time ball the timecthe first time devery time答案：d这里指“他每次进球时，都把自己想成是科比布莱恩特。”every time引导时间状语从句时，表示“每次时”。a、b项不跟从句，c项“第一次的时候”，从句中多用过去时态。10(2012济南模拟)what the young man cant _ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.asupport bundertakechold dbear答案：d句意：那位年青人最不能忍受的是他妈妈总把他当孩子看。11(2012泉州模拟)i didnt want to be _ with politics at all.adealt bassociatedcinvolved dconsulted答案：b句意：我根本不想与政治活动有联系。be associated with“与有联系/关系”。deal“对待”；involve“涉及；陷入”，常与in连用；consult“协商；咨询”。12your mother is seriously ill; you should _ a doctor.acall in bcall offccall back dcall up答案：d句意：你母亲病得很厉害，你应当给医生打电话。13(2012大连模拟)i meant to tell you about it earlier and called you several times, but i couldnt _.acall on btake overcgo by dget through答案：d句意：我想早点告诉你，但给你打了很多电话，就是不通。get through在此表示“接通”。call on“号召”；take over“接管”；go by“路过”。14(2012泰安模拟)he waited until it was dark _ nobody could see him clearly.aso that bin order tocalthough dhowever答案：a句意：他一直等到天黑，这样没人能认出他。so that“以至于”，引导目的状语从句。in order to“为了”；although“虽然”；however“然而”。15when we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions.apractical bstablecinnocent dbearable答案：a考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们计划我们的假期时，母亲常常提供实用的建议。practical“实用的”；stable“稳固的，安定的”；innocent“清白的”；bearable“可忍受的”。.阅读理解aabel janszoon tasmanabel tasman was born in a little village in the netherlands in 1603. nowadays there is a road in the village named after him and the house where he was believed to live is still a functional farm called“tasemanheerd”. his first wife was called claesgie heyndrix, who he had a daughter with, claesjen. in december, 1631 he married again, this time with jannetje(joanna)tjaerts, a 21yearold girl.in 1634, abel tasman joined the dutch east india and he became first mate of the weesp, one of the companys ships. later that year he became skipper(船长)on the mocha.with this ship he patrolled(巡逻)in the ocean. on one of his voyages, three men were killed and after returning to batavia, tasman got a new job. he had to transport cargo and booty in the northwest pacific. a high death toll through diseases was normal and the dutch ships werent seaworthy.on one voyage tasman returned safely after he had lost two of his three ships in a storm. after this voyage tasman was ordered to explore the southeast in order to find a new sea route to chile in south america. this voyage to the“great south land”(as the dutch called australia)made him the famous discovery of tasmania. at that stage though, tasman and his crew had no idea that they had made such a significant discovery.in 1644 abel tasman became skipper commander and later he became a member of the council of justice in batavia. by 1653 he retired and owned 288 acres of land near batavia. he died in october, 1659.文章大意：本文主要介绍了荷兰航海家abel tasman的生平以及他一生中最重要的发现tasmania。1from the first paragraph, we can see that_.ain a village in the netherlands, people have built a farm in memory of abel tasmanbhis second wife was about seven years younger than himcabel tasman married again after his first wife died of a diseasedabel tasman was born in a big city in the netherlands答案：b细节理解题。abel tasman 1631年再婚(当年他28岁)，而他第二个妻子当时只有21岁，也就是他比第二个妻子大约7岁，故选择b。由第一段可知，人们修建了一条路，以他的名字命名，而不是修建了一个农场，故a项错；他第一个妻子如何去世在第一段中没有提及，故排除c项；由第一段首句可知d项错。2what is the right order of the jobs in abel tasmans life?ahe became skipper on the mocha.bhe became a member of the council of justice in batavia.che became first mate of the weesp.dhe became skipper commander.acadb bcdbacdbca dacdb答案：a排序题。本题可根据时间来排序。1634年他成为weesp船的大副，故c为第一个，以下依次为：a(1634年晚些时候)，d(1644年)，b(1644年以后)。3what does the underlined word“booty”in paragraph 3 probably mean?a战利品 b奖金c马靴 d奖励答案：a词义猜测题。“booty”与“cargo”并列，由此可判断booty应是能在船上运输的东西，故排除d。上段提到abel tasman joined the dutch east india(东印度公司)，根据常识可判断，他只得利用船只运输货物以及“战利品/掠夺品”。4which of the following is true according to the passage?ain his time, the dutch ships were very strong and could fight against the storm.blater in 1634, abel tasman joined the dutch east india.cthe discovery of tasmania was his main achievement in his life.dgreat south land was also called“australia”in england.答案：c细节判断题。由第三段最后一句中的“the dutch ships werent seaworthy”可知，当时荷兰的船只并非很结实，故a错；由第二段可知，他加入东印度公司是1634年早些时候，不是1634年晚些时候，故b错；由倒数第二段可知，发现tasmania是他一生中最重要的成就，再结合开头的表格可知c对；由倒数第二段括号中的as the dutch called australia可知d错。5when did abel tasman enter the council of justice in batavia?ain 1644. bafter 1644.cby 1653. daround 1659.答案：b时间推算题。由最后一段可知，abel tasman于1644年成为skipper commander，这以后他又成为batavia司法部的一名成员，故b项正确。b(2012三明普高联考)here id like to talk about how to develop your curiosity and make use of it to make discoveries. asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers when you are curious about something and want to know more about it.firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. just put the main idea down, such as “discover more about dinosaurs.”next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list information like the sentences below：1. dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared. 2. dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.3. some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.thirdly, ask yourself “what can i do with what i want to learn？” on your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：1. whats the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?2. how many kinds of dinosaurs are there?3. have dinosaurs really disappeared?fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your research. as you learn more about your subject, youll probably discover some new questions. for example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. why? what happened? asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.the next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. and rememberlearning more always bring more questions.文章大意：怎样利用好奇心，提出问题然后做出发明呢？本文具体讲述了这样做的步骤。6while doing some research, you should take the following steps_.list what you want to know choose a research subjectlist what you already know discover new problemsa b c d答案：c细节理解题。由文中的“f