高考英语二轮复习 日常生活类阅读专题优化训练4(1).doc

2014届高考英语二轮复习阅读专题优化训练：日常生活类阅读ceaseless technology. a punishing workweek. that to do list that keeps multiplying. it is no wonder many of us find it difficult to have a sufficient amount of sleep. but will sleeping more on the weekend make up for hours of lost snoozing (小睡)? one sleep expert, w. christopher winter raised the question.sleeping bingegetting eight hours of shut-eye each night is generally recommended, but many people dont. as the week rolls from monday to friday, they accumulate a sleep debt. spending a few extra hours in bed on a saturday morning, people assume, will help them “ catch up” on lost sleep. theyre likely right, “ nobody knows how long the horizon is, probably a few nights, but studies show that recovery sleep in the short term does work,” says dr. winter, a member of the american academy of sleep medicine.sleep bankingrecent data suggests that banking sleep in advance of a long night can actually offset (补偿) upcoming sleep deprivation(丧失). if you knew you were going to have to stay up all night on a particular day, for example, you could sleep for 10 hours a day for multiple days before the event, and be fine, dr. winter says. just plan ahead.routine (惯例的)napsa scheduled nap is healthier than catching up on or banking sleep. “ because sleep extension can make you feel groggy (昏昏沉沉), i always recommend a short nap if a person feels they need it , at the same time, every day,” says dr. winter. he adds that 25 minutes is ideal. “ when you schedule a short nap, your body anticipates it and slows down, without falling into a deep dream sleep,” he says. that refreshing, scheduled break is better than an occasional weekend lie-in. “ the body likes routine,” he says, “ when its prepared, it works more efficiently.”1from monday to friday, many people _.aaccumulate a sleep debtbhave no time to sleepcwork hard to achieve their goalsdhave to stay up all nights2research shows that in the short term_.aa nap have no effect on workba nap have effect on workcrecovery sleep does workdrecovery sleep doesnt work3if a soccer fan wants to stay up all night to watch two world cup semi-finals, it may help if _.ahe keeps taking a nap for a weekbhe sleeps for 8 hours a day for daysche keeps sleeping for 2 daysdhe banks sleep in advance4what is better than banking sleep, according to dr. winter?asleeping bingebrecovery sleepcscheduled napsdsleep extension5what would be the best title for the passage?asleep mattersbdisadvantage of sleeping bingecadvantage of routine napsdhow to sleep wellb【答案】【小题1】a【小题2】c【小题3】d【小题4】c【小题5】a【解析】试题分析：文章介绍关于睡眠的事情，在工作日我们欠了很多睡眠，怎样才能把这些睡眠补偿起来，是以后补觉，还是提前多睡一些，还有习惯的小憩也有用。【小题1】细节题：从第二段的句子：as the week rolls from monday to friday, they accumulate a sleep debt.可知在工作日我们欠了很多睡眠，选a【小题2】细节题：从第二段的句子：but studies show that recovery sleep in the short term does work,” says dr. winter, a member of the american academy of sleep medicine.可知短期的恢复睡眠是有效的，选c【小题3】细节题：从第三段的句子：recent data suggests that banking sleep in advance of a long night can actually offset (补偿) upcoming sleep deprivation(丧失). 可知如果要熬夜可以提前储存一些睡眠，选d【小题4】细节题：从第四段的句子：a scheduled nap is healthier than catching up on or banking sleep. “ because sleep extension can make you feel groggy (昏昏沉沉), i always recommend a short nap if a person feels they need it , at the same time, every day,” says dr. winter. 可知winter博士认为惯例的小憩是有好处的，选c【小题5】主旨题：从第一段的内容和每段的小标题，可知这篇文章讲的是关于睡眠的事情：选a考点：考查日常生活类短文anne responded on july 20, 2013 julie, most of us are never going to achieve the heights you did as the ceo of a company. i just want to say that i was so touched by your frankness. i havent been attacked publicly ever like you, but ive suffered from depression - just recently in fact. it helps a lot to hear personal stories, and it helps to read how you might have handled things differently.nancy responded on july 21, 2013something in julie drew her to artwork during a very dark time in her journey. and later she stated that its beauty that keeps her going. beauty and creativity can be very powerful in our lives. and it doesnt surprise me that julie was drawn to these naturally. anne, maybe the artistic kinds of activities julie used will support you well as you move beyond the depressive feelings youre dealing with.anne responded on august 4, 2013 nancy, thanks so much for taking the time to offer some great ideas for using creativity to help with depression. actually during this time ive found that my creative work has been the one thing thats brought me a lot of joy.julie responded on august 2, 2013nancy, thank you for your insights（深刻见解）.warmly, julie. chris responded on july 31, 2013 i dont normally comment on blogs, but this was a very insightful and transparent post（帖子）. i could really feel that you were open and honest about everything you wrote about. thanks for sharing and good luck with everything that you do.julie responded on august 9, 2013thanks, chris.wendy responded on july 30, 2013julie, everything you shared here is inspiring. thank you for having the courage to be so open. i love what youre doing here. keep it up!julie responded on july 31, 2013thank you, wendy.1the above posts center on a blog passage written by _.awendybjuliecannednancy2how many people have joined in the discussion?a2b3c5d73nancy and anne share the opinion that _.awork can bring joy to peoplebcreativity may help reduce depressioncbeauty is the most important in lifeddifferent people handle things differently4which of the following about julie is not true?ajulie is the ceo of a company.bjulie was once attracted to artwork.cjulie has never been attacked publicly.djulie was honest about her past experiences.【答案】【小题1】b【小题2】c【小题3】b【小题4】c 【解析】试题分析：这是不同的网友对同一个人的博客的回应，每个人在自己的帖子里面发表自己的观点。【小题1】细节题：从各段内容可知，这是不同的网友对同一个人的博客的回应。从各段中网友对julie的称呼，以及julie的回答中可知，这是julie的博客，选b。【小题2】细节题：把各段标题中重复人名去掉，即为参加讨论的人数是五人，选c【小题3】细节题：从第三段nancy, thanks so much for taking the time to offer some great ideas for using creativity to help with depression. actually during this time ive found that my creative work has been the one thing thats brought me a lot of joy.可知nancy和anne都认为创造力可以有助于减轻压抑。选b。【小题4】推理题：由第一段i havent been attacked publicly ever like you,可知julie曾经被当众攻击过的， c项的表述是错的。考点：考查日常生活类短文in a recently published book, i came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers and clustering. as i used these exercises in my classes, i noticed that students were interested. they said more and wrote more. they enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. they were no longer passively waiting for the bell , but actively taking part in the lesson. i find that creativity can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency.creativity has become a popular word in recent years. scholars in arts, psychology, business, education and science are all working to get a deeper understanding of it. robert j. stemberg is a creativity specialist and yale professor of psychology. he defines creativity as “the ability to produce work that is both new (original） and appropriate(applicable to the situation ） ”. this definition is useful, as we want our students to use language in a new way and to use it correctly and properly. mot scholars say there are two types of creativity: big “c” creativity and small “c” creativity. big “c” creativity refers to genius level thinking that results in artistic masterpieces and scientific breakthroughs. small “c” creativity refers to everyday level thinking that can be used in any situation our emphasis is on the latter. while it goes without saying that any of our students could go on to be the next picasso or edison, our aim is to help students produce more ideas and use language in a new way.3 the underlined words “waiting for the bell ” in the first paragraph probably means_.a. longing for a phone call b. hoping to have a bellc. expecting the end of the class d. waiting to speak in the class4it can be inferred from the passage that the author thinks the exercises in the book were _.a. popular b. useful c. scientific d. creative5when you use a familiar word in a new way, you are _.a creative in the sense of big “c” creativity.b. creative in the sense of small “c” creativity.c. not creative in the sense of big “c” creativity.d. not creative in the sense of small “c” creativity.6the main purpose of the passage is to _.a. show how useful the book isb. explain what creativity isc. discuss how one can be creatived. tell what teaching aims at【答案】3c4d5b6b 【解析】试题分析：本文通过一个上课创新的例子，讲述了创新的含义和创新的两种类型等。3词义推断题。waiting for the bell字面意思是“等待铃声”。前后文讲到学生们对新的练习很有兴趣，积极地参与。说明原来上课不积极，因此等待的铃声是下课铃，选c。4细节推断题。第一段讲了作者在书中发现的练习让学生很感兴趣，他得出的结论是创新是一个增加参与和流利程度的方法。因此，他认为这些练习是创新的。选d。5判断题。文中第二段“small c creativity refers to everyday level thinking that can be used in any situation.”意思是“小创新指的是普通水平思考的创新。”题目讲到的是“一个常用词的新用法”，与小创新讲到的内容符合，因此b正确。6主旨题。本文第一段先举了一个上课创新的例子，第二段讲述了创新的含义、创新的两种类型等内容，因此b正确。考点：考查日常生活类短文if youre like a lot of married guys, you dont need to be reminded about men being from mars or women from venus. chances are that youre all too familiar with the feeling that you and your wife are from different worlds. when married people start noticing their fundamental differences, it can lead to a breakdown in communication. the way to have a successful marriage is through communication, common ground and understanding. here are some pointers to guide you in the right direction. rather than ending up in an endless back and forth, forget about the issue for a minute. instead, think about how you feel shes acting toward you and ask her if thats how she feels about you. if you think shes being unfair, ask her if she thinks youre being unfair. switching the focus to that shared feeling can help your wife see things from your point of view. its important to accept the fact that theres a two-way street between you and your wife. if you think she doesnt make enough of an effort to see things from your point of view, you have to ask yourself if youre making an effort to see it her way. realize nobody can wave a magic wand to make you and your wife completely understand each other all the time. many couples have an extremely close friendship and do almost everything together before theyre married. once youve tied the knot, you may begin to notice that youre not as alike as you once thought. it seems obvious, but some guys get fooled into thinking their wife will be as excited about all of their interests and hobbies as they are. dont be surprised when you find out that shes not just like one of the guys. sooner or later youll realize that she might be going along with some of your interests just to make you happy. rather than feel offended if you find out shes not as into your favorite hobby as you thought, appreciate the effort she put into making you happy. swallow your pride and try to take part in some of her hobbies, too, even if you might be a little put off at first. while youre not going to be trying on makeup with her, you could try baking a recipe together. if either of you is always giving everything and getting nothing in return, theres going to be bitterness. the best marriages are built on compromise. you knew you were going to have to give and take for your marriage to work; now its time to make it happen.7what is the best title of the text?a. how to manage your marriage.b. how to make a good husbandc. how to make a good wife.d. how to get her to speak your language.8 the best subtitle of the 6th paragraph is _.a. swallow your pride (at least sometimes) b. find out her hobbiesc. dont get offendedd. try to make up9which of the following is not good for keeping a successful marriage?a. focus on the feeling to get past the disagreement.b. dont play the blame game.c. she wont always understand you (but thats ok).d. try to understand each other all the way.10 according to the last paragraph, its important for the husband and wife to_.a. forgive and forgetb. give and take c. live and let lived. get everything and return nothing11the underlined phrase in the 6th paragraph probably mean_.a. delay sthb. arrange sthc. dislike sthd. worsen sth【答案】7d8a9d10b11c【解析】试题分析：文章主要给出了给观点不同的婚姻双方的一些建议，从男方的视角入手，强调互相的理解与支持，才能化解矛盾。7标题选择题。文章从男方角度入手，建议他们如何让妻子能和自己兴趣相投，化解交流障碍，所以选择d。8标题选择题。第六段主要说的是在兴趣不相投是要学会swallow your pride and try to take part in some of her hobbies，所以选a9细节题。根据文章最后一段you knew you were going to have to give and take for your marriage to work可知婚姻中需要双方的妥协，一个人的努力会产生bitterness。所以选择d10细节题。根据文章最后一段，you were going to have to give and take for your marriage to work，可知需要给予和索取才能维持正常的婚姻。选择b。11词义推断题。根据原句，可以知道这里想说的是尝试对方的爱好，即使一开始你会。因此合适的选项是dislike sth。选择c考点：考查日常生活类短文until the twentieth century cigarettes were not an important threat to public health. men used tobacco mainly in the form of cigars. they chewed tobacco, piped tobacco, and snuffed. most women did not use tobacco at all.the cigarette industry began in 1870s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machine. this made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly, and it reduced the price.today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. about forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of the adult women in the united states smoke cigarettes regularly. it is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have quit smoking. seventy-five percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes for some time during their lives, but twenty-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking. the number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing. men as a group smoke more than women. among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 2444.income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit. city people smoke more than people living on farms. well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. on the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes, hes likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.the situation is somewhat different for women. there are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. these more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.among teenagers thepictureis similar. there are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and also fewer from families living in farm areas. high school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who dont plan to continue their education after high school. children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.1the underlined word “picture” in the last paragraph probably means _.asituationbphotocpaintingdteenager2which group of people smoked more according to the passage?athe group of women.bthe group of teenagers.cthe group of men.dthe group of old people.3which of the following factors will be likely to decide whether a person smokes or not?aincome and sex.beducation and occupationcsex and age.dall the above.4according to the passage, if a teenager doesnt plan to go to college, and if his parents both smoke, he will _.aprobably not smoke in the future.bprobably start to smoke in the future.cpersuade his parents to give up smoking.dhate his parents as well as other smokers.5which of the following isnt true?ait wasnt until the twentieth century that cigarettes became an important threat to public.bmore and more people are giving up smoking.ca poorly-educated woman with lower income is more likely to smoke than a well-educated woman with high income.dthere are the most smokers in the age group of 24-44.【答案】【小题1】a【小题2】c【小题3】d【小题4】b【小题5】c 【解析】试题分析：本问讲述了烟草行业的有关信息，讲述了世界烟草行业的发展历史，以及男性和女性在吸烟方面的具体情况，影响吸烟的因素等等。【小题1】猜词题：从到哦数第二段的句子：the situation is somewhat different for women. 可知这里picture是situation的意思，句意：形势对青年人是相似的，选a【小题2】细节题:从第三段的句子：men as a group smoke more than women.可知男人群体比女人群体抽烟的人多，选c【小题3】细节题：从第四段的句子：income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit.可知除了性别，还有收入，教育和职业也决定一个人的抽烟的习惯，选d【小题4】推理题：从最后一段的句子：high school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who dont plan to continue their education after high school. children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.可知如果不想上大学，父母又抽烟的年轻人未来很可能抽烟。选b。【小题5】细节题：从第五段的句子：there are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. these more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.可知对于女性来说，受过教育的收入高的女性抽烟会更多，选c 考点：考查社会生活类短文poor weather. technical difficulties. these are some of the typical causes of cancelled trains and planes. but sometimes, the excuse can be a lot more trivial.just recently, passengers waiting for a train to peterborough heard the following announcement, “for reasons beyond our control, we regret to inform passengers that the 13:46 train to peterborough has been cancelled. the next train will be arriving on plat