动词句型讲义.doc

动词句型第一类句型主语+不及物动词1 主语+不及物动词The sun is rising.太阳正在升起。We waited and waited.我们等了又等2 主语+不及物动词+状语Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗？Her lecture lasted an hour.她的演讲持续了一个小时。3 主语+不及物动词+副词（构成成语动词）The bomb blew up.炸弹爆炸了。The engine broke down.发动机坏了4 主语+不及物动词（有被动的意思）The door blew open.门被风吹开了Does the cloth wash well？ 这布耐洗吗？第二类句型主语+及物动词+宾语1. 主语+及物动词+名词（代词）Do you know these people (them)? 你认识这些人（他们）吗？He loved poetry.他喜欢诗Have you ordered your meal? 你点饭菜了吗？Silence means consent. (彦)沉默意味着同意。They found a cure for cancer.我们找到一个治疗癌症的方法。2. 主语+及物动词+自身代词I cant express myself in English.They blamed themselves for the accident.Help yourself to a beer.3主语+及物动词+同源宾语 He smiled a strange smile.他奇怪地笑了笑。 As he slept he dreamed a dream.他睡觉时做了一个梦。4主语+成语动词+宾语We can put off the meeting.我们可以推迟会议Shes been looking after the luggage.她一直在照看行李。The old building was falling into pieces那栋老楼要坍塌了We shouldnt look down on this job.我们不应该看不起这种工作。Pay attention to your grammar.注意你的语法。He devoted himself to helping the poor.他献身于帮助穷人的工作。5主语+及物动词+不定式（作宾语） Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。 He promised to see her home.他答应送她回家。 I must think what to do.我必须考虑怎样做。6主语+及物动词+动名词（作宾语） Would you mind waiting for a few minutes? 可否劳驾等几分钟？ I prefer standing.我宁愿站着。7主语+及物动词+that引导的宾语从句They proved that the earth was round.他们证明地球是圆的。He estimated that the vase was 3,000years old.他估计这花瓶有3000年了。8主语+及物动词+连接副（代）词引导的宾语从句I didnt know where they had gone.我不知到他们去那里了？I wonder if (whether) you could give me some advice.不知到你可否给我出点主意。Ill do what I can.我将尽力而为。第三类句型主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语1主语+双宾动词+名词或代词+名词1） 某些动词引导的间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语:She gave me her telephone number (gave a job to Tom)她给了我她的电话号码。（派给Tom一件工作）He handed me the letter (the letter to me).他把信递给我。2）某些动词引导的间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语: She sang us a folk song (a folk song for me )她为我们唱了一首民歌。 I ll make you some fresh tea.我去给你沏一点新茶。3）有些动词后的间接宾语不能改为to或for引导的短语:I envy you your good luck.我羡慕你的运气She kissed her mother goodbye. 她吻别她的妈妈。2主语+双宾动词+名词或代词+从句Tell him Im out.告诉他我不在家。She persuaded them that she had done right.她使他们相信她做得对。Please advise me whether (if) I ought to go with them.请告诉我是否应该和他们一起去。Ill tell you what I read in todays paper.我来告诉你今天报纸上的消息。注意：常见双宾动词有award bring deal give lease leave lend loan mail offer owe pass pay play post read rent sell send serve show sing take teach tell write等。第四类句型主语+系动词+表语1主语+系动词+形容词Youre not looking very well.你气色不太好。The sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。We have to keep silent.我们只能保持沉默。2主语+系动词+名词（代词）That girl was my fiance.那女孩是我的未婚妻。 I still stand your friend.我仍然是你的朋友。3主语+系动词+副词Is Helen in? Helen在家吗？Summer is over-it is autumn.夏天已经过去现在是秋天。I feel down today.我今天心情不好。4主语+系动词+介词短语The darkest hour is before the dawn.黎明之前最黑暗。Keep off the grass.请勿践踏草地。He is in charge of the trade union work.他负责工会的工作5. 主语+系动词+不定式His plan is to keep the affair secret.他的计划是将此事保密。His purpose was to become a surgeon.他的目标是当一名外科医生。Surely she was to be trusted.她无疑是值得信赖的。6. 主语+系动词+动名词 Her hobby is collecting stamps.她的爱好是集邮 My favorite sport is swimming.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。7. 主语+系动词+从句 My opinion is that the plan wont work.我的看法是这个计划行不通。 The question is what you want to do.问题是你想干什么？ Thats where we differ.这就是我们的分歧所在。8. 主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语 She was afraid of snakes.她怕蛇Im tired of living abroad.我已经厌倦了在国外居住。 She looked astonished at the news.听到这个消息她显得很吃惊。9主语+系动词+形容词+不定式 I was very sorry to hear that you were ill.听说你病了我很难过。 She was afraid to tell you。她害怕告诉你。10主语+系动词+形容词+从句 Im grad you have come.我很高兴你来了。 I was not sure what I ought to do.我不能肯定该做什么。注意：系动词有：appear be become fall feel get go grow keep look prove remain run seem smell sound stay taste turn等。第五类句型主语+及物动词+复合宾语1 主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词（作补语） He found his new job rather boring.他发现她的新工作相当乏味。 I like my tea very hot.我喜欢喝热茶。2主语+及物动词+宾语+名词（作补语） They called their daughter Mary.他们给女儿取名叫Mary。 We thought it our duty to help them.我们认为有责任帮助他们。 He was voted a model worker.他被公认为劳模。3主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语（作补语） He put his books in order.他把他的书整理好。 The fire was soon got under control.火势不久就控制住了 。4主语+及物动词+宾语+副词（作补语） She wished herself home.她希望自己在家就好了。 My bag has been left behind.我的包忘拿了。5主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式（作补语） What do you advise me to do? 你建议我怎么做/ She was discovered to be quite trustworthy.他们发现她很值得信赖。6主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式（作补语） We cant let this go on.我们不能让这事继续下去。 I will help her (to)solve the problem.我将帮助她解决这个问题。7主语+及物动词+宾语+现在分词（作补语）I saw her chatting with Nancy.我看见她在和南希聊天。I could smell trouble coming.我能感觉到麻烦即将到来。9主语+及物动词+宾语+过去分词（作补语） He watched the piano carried upstairs.他看着钢琴被抬上楼。My patient