讲义4句子成分(1).doc

英语 学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号 4课程名称： VIP一对一 年级：初三 课时数： 2课时 学员姓名： 梁绻 辅导科目：英语 教学专家： Carolyn课 题句子成分分析授课日期及时段2013- 7 17 09:30 11:30 教学内容Part Listen and write down.My daughter, Jane, never receiving a from a girl of her own age in Holland. , we were the Channel and Jane with her and on it into a . She threw the bottle into the sea. She never it again, but , she from a girl in Holland. Both girls regularly（定期地） now. However, they have decided to use the . Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel .dream v. 做梦，梦想 age n. 年龄 channel n. 海峡 throw v. 扔，抛我的女儿简从未想过会接到荷兰一位同龄姑娘的来信。去年，当我们横渡英吉利海峡时，简把写有她姓名和住址的一张纸条装进了一只瓶子，又将瓶子扔进了大海。此后她就再没去想那只瓶子。但10个月以后，她收到了荷兰一位姑娘的来信。现在这两位姑娘定期通信了。然而她们还是决定利用邮局。这样会稍微多花点钱，但肯定是快得多了。Part 英语句子成分1主语句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。 作主语English is very important. 英语是很重要的。The students all love playing games. 这些学生都爱玩游戏。 作主语他们乘公共汽车上学。 school by bus.大多数学生来自农村。 the countryside. 作主语看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 TV too much your eyes.Its no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 (短语)作主语To see is to believe. 眼见为实。It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。指出下列句中主语的中心词 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.2.谓语谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。及物动词作谓语我们应该互相帮助。 They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。不及物动词作谓语Youre driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。他于1988年9月出国。He September of 1988.连系动词表状态He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall. A. dontB. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus? A. DoB. usually C. goD. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will beB. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. have D. breakfast Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. A. TomB. didntC. do D. his homework3.表语表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：John is captain of the team. 约翰是足球队的队长。The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜爱的运动是游泳。挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling very tired. A B CD Why is he worried about Jim?AB C D The leaves have turned yellow. A BCD Soon They all became interested in the subject.A B CD She was the first to learn about it. A BC D4.宾语宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如：I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。挑出下列句中的宾语 My brother hasnt done his homework.AB CD People all over the world speak English. AB CD You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B CD How many new words did you learn last class?A BC D Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? AB CD The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.AB CD5.定语定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语) 或句子充当。I bought a new dictionary. 我买了本新字典。A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. 送往委员会的建议被采纳了。Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green? 你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. A B C D What is your given name?A BCD On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. A B CD I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A BCD The man downstairs was trying to sleep. A B CD6.状语英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当，或由连词引导状语从句，表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式，比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。(1) 时间状语I often get up at 5:30 in the morning. 我常常在早上5:30起床。Hearing the news, they felt very excited. 听到这个消息，他们感到很兴奋。Go along this street until you reach the end. 沿着这条街走直到到达尽头为止。(2) 地点状语Pandas only live in China. 熊猫仅生活在中国。You should put the book where it was. 你应该把这本书放回原来的地方。(3) 程度状语I have quite a lot of work to do. 我有相当多的工作要做。(4) 目的状语Well go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday. 这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper. 他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。She got up early so that she could catch the first bus. 她早早地起床，以便能够赶上这辆早班车。(5) 方式状语We usually go to school on foot. 我们通常步行去上学。Please do it as I told you. 请按我告诉你的去做。(6) 让步状语Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy. 虽然她很有钱，而她并不幸福。No matter what happens, I will never lose heart. 无论发生什么，我将决不失去信心。(7) 条件状语If you dont work hard, youll fall behind the others. 假如你不努力学习，你将落后于别人。Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better. 如果给予更多的关心的话，这些花将长得更好。(8) 比较状语Your watch is not the same as mine. 你的手表与我的不一样。Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack. 迈克不及杰克高。(9) 原因状语We didnt go to the park because of the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们没有去公园。Im glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴。Being ill, he didnt go to school. 由于病了，他没有去上学。(10) 结果状语The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward. 风是如此地猛烈，以致于我们寸步难行。He left early, so that he caught the train. 他早早地离去，(结果) 因此赶上了火车。(11) 伴随状语The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm. 这位医生匆匆离去，胳膊下夹着一个药箱子。The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students. 老师进到教室里来，后面跟着一群学生。挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face.A B CD Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A BCD He began to learn English when he was eleven. A B CD The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast. A B CD With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. AB CD7.宾语补足语宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：You must keep it clean. 你要把它保持干净。I had my watch stolen yesterday. 我的表昨天被人偷去了。I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多工作要做。She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣服穿。Rain makes plants grow. 雨水使植物生长。注意：后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有 call, name, think, make, choose 等，后跟形容词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有 keep, find, get, think, make 等。动词不定式作宾语补足语时，当谓语动词为感官动词(如 feel, see, hear, notice, watch, observe, listen to, look at 等)，使役动词(如 let, have, make 等)，动词不定式不带 to。挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. A B CD He asked her to take the boy out of school. A B CD She found it difficult to do the work.A B CD They call me Lily sometimes. A BC D I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B CD英语句子成分基础练习（一） 1. 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?2. 综合练习（写出横线各对应部分的句子成分名称）1.We always work hard at English。 2. He said he didnt come. 3.They love each other. 4.What did you bye? 5.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 6.your job today is to help the old. - 7.Speaking doesnt mean doing. 8.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left. 9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. 10.It takes me an hour to get there. ( )1. _ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the man B. The man here nowC. The man who is here now D. The m