高中完型讲解 我整理.doc

完形填空的考点设置文章的主旨大意上下文的关系词义辨析推理判断词语搭配完形填空的解题技巧技巧1 重视首句 On August 26，1999，New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm . The rain caused the streets to _ and the subway system almost came to a stop. A. break Bflood C. sink Dcrash One day a young man was cleaning out his grandfathers belongings when he came across a red envelope. Written on the _ were the words, “ To my grandson.”Apaper Bfront Cback Dcover技巧2 进行合理的上下文推测The mother was holding the baby. The little girl had some food stuck in her throat, and could hardly breathe . The ambulance drove them to _ . A.the best hospital B.the biggest hospital C.the nearest hospital D.the childrens hospital After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. After working with an experienced _ for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own.A.manager B.assistant C.cook D.waitress技巧3 注意词汇的复现A number of related causes may contribute to aging. Some cells have a fairly long life, but they arent replaced when they die. As a person _ , the number of brain cells and muscle cells decrease. Other body cells are replaced by new cells. In an aging person, the new cells may not be as viable (能生存的) or as capable of growth as those of a young person.Agrows Bsleeps Cages DchangesOften some adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. Many parents go to childrens sporting events and shout at other players or cheer when their children behave _. A.proudly B.ambitiously C.aggressively D.bravely技巧4 关注过渡词语They had been friends since Grade 3 ; as a result of this , they had _ many of their school experience.Alearned Bobtained Cremembered DsharedPeople think children should play sports. Sports are fun and children keep healthy while playing. However, sports can have _ effects on children.A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive技巧5 利用好同义、近义词和反义词Apparently, though nobody wants to be alone all the time, everyone need some privacy（私人权利）. When people are together, they are in what is called a stress situation. That means they are under an unusually amount of _ or stress.A. emphasis B. conflict C. power D. pressureUnlike his generous brother, Mike is a _ guy , who never makes any donation.A. mean B. powerful C. confident D.unpleasant技巧 6 掌握好固定搭配We keep in touch _ writing often.A. with B. of C. on D. byThere are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it , guide - book _ hand. A. in Bfrom Cby DonYou didnt know what great difficulty I _ my father to give up smoking! A. have persuaded Bhave persuading C. had persuaded D. had persuading技巧 7 从句子结构入手It is the ability to do the job _ matters , not where you come from or what you are.Aone Bthat Cwhat DitIf an excellent Chinese novel is put into English, _ means many more people in the world can read it.Aas Bwhich Cwhat Dthat_ was most important to her , she told me , was her family.A. It B. This C. What D. As技巧 8 注意标点符号Therere 8 tips in his lecture on sleep, and one of them is : _ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.A. Not going B. Not go C.Dont go D.Not goHe wrote 5 books , two of _ were translated into English.Awhich Bit Cthem DthatHe wrote 5 books ; two of _ were translated into English.Awhich Bit Cthem Dthat技巧 9 拓宽知识面The environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province has huge effects on northeast and northern China. Besides, many rivers and water system in it reach neighboring _ , so the ecological effect stretches beyondChinas borders.A. Japan B. Russia C. India D. BritainAt first, we won a burst of warm and long applause,which inspired us to be “Faster, Higher, Stronger” in thecoming matches. However, just as a saying goes: “Morehaste, less speed.” Quite out of our expectation, we _on the first day, but we could never be defeated bydifficulty.A. met our Big Day B. met our D - day C. met our Watergate D. met our Waterloo实战演练：Many families sadly lose their homes to fires every year. The causes of these fires _ . Sometimes electrical wiring gets too hot. Sometimes food is forgotten in the oven .Sometimes people are careless with matches, candles or cigarettes.Avary Bchange Cbreak Dburst_ body language can be used differently by different cultures, there are also many gestures that are almost used the same way. AAlthough BBecause CTherefore DIn case In the clinic , the woman asked if her son could be retested, so the doctor tested him again. To her 1 , it was the same score. Later that evening, she 2 told her husband what she had learned that day . After talking it over , they agreed that they knew their son much better than an IQ test. 1. Ajoy Bsurprise Cdislike Ddisappointment2. Atearfully Bfearfully Ccheerfully DhopefullyOn Christmas morning, as my father opened my gift, I jumped with joy when I saw his face _.A. turn up B. warn up C. make up D. light up She felt sad after her father died. At the first few weeks, she just stayed at home, doing nothing, but at last one day, she decided to buy her children and husband something in the supermarket, so she _ to the nearest one with a shopping bag in my hand.A. hurried B. went C. made her way D. rushedGood nutrition and a balanced diet will help your child grow up healthy. Whether your kid is a toddler(学步的孩子) or a teen, you can take steps to improve nutrition and encourage smart 1 habits. There are several ways, one of which is to have 2 family meals. Family meals are a comforting occasion for both 3 and kids. Kids who take part in regular family meals are also 4 likely to eat fruits, vegetables and grains, and less likely to snack on 5 foods, smoke or drink alcohol.1. Alearning Beating Csleeping Dbehaving2. Acommon Busual Cregular Dnormal 3. Afriends Bclassmates Crelatives Dparents4. Astill Bnot Cmore Dless5. Acheap Bdear Cvarious Dunhealthy 6 , family meals offer the chance to introduce your child to new foods and 7 which foods your child likes and which ones he or she doesnt. Teens may 8 their noses at family meals - not 9 because theyre trying to become independent. Yet studies find that teens still want their parents advice, so use the mealtime as a 10 to reconnect. Also, consider trying these ways :6. AAs a result BIn addition CIn reality DGenerally speaking7. Afind out Bbring in Cpick out Dmake up8. Aturn up Bput down Cclear up Ddo up9. Aoutstanding Binteresting Csurprising Dchallenging10. Ameeting Bgame Cchance Dtask l Allow your teen to invite a friend to dinner.l Involve your teen in meal 11 and preparation.l Keep your mealtime calm and pleasant - no lectures or 12 .Whats important as a family meal? Any time your family eat together -whetherits takeout food or a home-cooked meal, try to 13 for nutritious foods and a time when everyone can be there. This may mean eating dinner a little 14 to wait for a child whos at sports practice. It can also mean setting aside time on the 15 , such as Sunday brunch, when it may be more convenient to gather as a group.11. Aplanning Bburning Cimproving Deating12. Adrinking Barguing Csmoking Ddelaying13. Aorder Bbuy Cshare Dstrive14. Aearlier Blater Cslower Dfaster15. Aholidays Boccasions Cweekends DweekdaysAIt was my first day at school. I felt _46_ and scared. I went to all my classes with no friends. I felt no one really _47_ me. I listened anxiously to all the lessons and waited for the lunch break. Then finally the bell _48_. It was time to get free of the uneasy (不安的) atmosphere.During the lunch I met a new friend who wore a hat, and _49_ I am Jewish, we got along well, and I was so _50_ when she said, “Sit with us, at our table.” She_51_to the one next to the door. So I _52_, and took my tray (盘子) and was about to walk with her _53_ the floor, when suddenly I felt a nudge. “Hey, I saw you on the bus,” said a_54_ girl in a long skirt. “1 _55_ your Jewish star necklace. You should sit with us At that moment I _56_ around, and to my surprise, I _57_ the nations of the world, isolated (孤立的) themselves. The Spanish only sat with Spanish, the Hindus _58_with Hindus, the Russians with the Russians, and _59_ the Arabs with the Jews. Thats what I saw _60_ my own eyes.Suddenly, I saw the reason why wars got started in the world. Everyone _61_ to their own kind. The lunchroom was a _62_ of the world. Why was everyone so _63_? I was puzzled.But I wanted a change. Determinedly, I turned _64_ this tall girl, and went with my new friend. There was no enmity(敌意) in the room. I felt relaxed. I built a _ 65_between two worlds when I sat with those different from me. The whole world should get close, not apart.46. A. nervousB. happyC. comfortableD. sad47. A. cared for B. stared at C. believed inD. thought of48. A. sounded B. rangC. cameD. cried49. A. when B. althoughC. ifD. while50. A. disappointedB. relieved C. angry D. upset51. A. went B. pointed C. ran D. got52. A. approved (赞同) B. allowed C. permitted D. agreed53. A. through B. past C. across D. along54. A. beautiful B. tall C. short D. plain55. A. find B. like C. see D. have56. A. turned B. looked C. walked D. stepped57. A. understood B. recognized C. noticed D. knew58. A. always B. still C. normally D. occasion59. A. also B. ever C. never D. even60. A. through B. in C. for D. with61. A. stuck B. turned C. went D. walked62. A. symbol B. sign C. map D. view .63. A. lonely B. blind C. strange D. independent64. A. on B. to C. down. D. off65. A. tie B. bridge C. friendship D. relation46-50 AABBB 51-55 BDCBC56-60 BCACA61-65 ACBCBThe other day my daughter finally had a day off work. We decided to go out in the 36 for the first time, together! It was an enjoyable experience. Then a(n) 37 thing happened. She turned and asked, “Hey, Dad, can I 38 the boat? ” I had a look of fear in my eyes 39 the boat can be driven at a very high speed and can be turned over very quickly. However, I 40 the driving seat to her and began 41 her how to properly control the boat. I told her to remain 42 as I had complete faith in her.It can be both scary and rewarding when your child 43 something. Even if its a small thing, you 44 feel like they are growing up too fast and its out of your 45 . Time goes by so quickly, so it is 46 to spend time with your kids, with your family. It is an amazing feeling to 47 as their confidence grows.It 48 back to everyday life. In every situation if you relax, take your time, show confidence, you will have a great 49 . Not only did I have a 50 morning on the boat with my 51 but we took our little nerghbour who is 8 years old and put him in the 52 right between us. As I put the gas all the way down going at 53 speed, making tight turns and bouncing (跳) over the 54 , all I could hear was my neighbour 55 and screaming at the top of his lungs because he was having such a great time. 36. A. plane B. boat C. train D. car37. A. frightening B. discouraging C. inspiring D. interesting38. A. touch B. carry C. drive D. bury39. A. if B. but C. until D. since40. A. broke down B. packed up C. handed over D. brought in41. A. reminding B. teaching C. warning D. asking42. A. calm B. firm C. quiet D. excited43. A. proves B. discovers C. owns D. achieves44. A. even B. still C. thus D. only45. A. control B. sense C. state D. sight46. A. early B. quick C. important D. easy47. A. appreciate B. understand C. leave D. watch 48. A. compares B. relates C. refers D. points49. A. time B. friend C. thought D. chance50. A. safe B. cold C. free D. fun 51. A. brother B. son C. daughter D. sister52. A. queue B. seat C. floor D. bed53. A. comfortable B. constant C. normal D. top 54. A. waves B. wind C. snow D. clouds55. A. dancing B. speaking C. laughing D. singing完形填空36-40 BACDC 41-45 BADBA 46-50 CDBAD 51-55 CBDAC阅读理解的分类、命题趋势及应试对策1.人物传记类： 命题趋势：人物传记以名人生平或逸事为主。题材一般为记叙文，包含记叙文的时间，地点，人物，时间等要素。写作手法多采用时间，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来人物传记文章在高中阅读理解中有所减少。应试对策：人物传记类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合，归纳，推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类文章的关键。如何理解细节呢？首先从问题中找到关键词，然后依次为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速查找细节并仔细阅读该部分，认真比较选项和文章中的细节。2.社会文化类： 命题趋势语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。其命题趋势是：1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪，语言，生活习惯，世界观，价值观等为主题。其题材涉及社会，文化，教育，体育等方面的内容。2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以论文，记叙文居多。3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又有特定细节，时有推断。应试对策：1.重视英语词汇，语法和习语的掌握。2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读近几年的高考题。3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。尽快尽多地了解英语国家的风俗人情。3.逸闻趣事类：此类文章以日常生活中的事情入手，描述一些鲜为人知的事。幽默故事是主要内容。选材多来源于日常生活，给人似曾相识之感，但随着故事的发展，展开，结束给人以以外的感觉。有以下趋势；1.特点；文章简单描述一个片断。2.命题；多考查对事件的发生，发展和结局进行合理的推断。3.选材；描述“另类”，标新立异。应试对策：1.阅读此类文章，应特别注意对人物的外貌，语言，动作和思想的描述，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。2.若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因，经过，结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生，发展，高潮和结局。3.若是幽默故事，应体会风趣的对话，特别的动作，它们是幽默的精髓。4.史地常识类：命题趋势：此类文章通常介绍异域风光，历史事件，高考中比重较大。其趋势是；1.选材：英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代。2.命题：以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题。3.知识：设计一定的地理常识或历史知识。应试对策：此类文章多以细节题为主，着重考查理解文中具体信息的能力。细节题一般分为以下几类；1.排序题；一般采用首尾定位法。2.图文转换题；一般采用文史锁定法，即按文定图。3.数字换算题4.表格理解题；看懂行和列各代表的意义。5.同意转换题；6.代词指代题；理清人物，事件之间的逻辑关系，使事件，人物更加条理化，简明化。5.时文公告类： 阅读理解的选材明显地呈现出关注实际生活的趋势，这与基础教育改革的目标是一致的，即学习语言的目标是要求学生学会求知，学会做事，学会合作和学会做人。此类文章主要表现在以下几个方面:反映国内外事件，文章结构严谨，内容贴近生活，用现代英语反映现代生活。如果是新闻报道，都有比较固定的写作格式.如文首通常有报道的地点或时间，第一句话常常是文章的导语，有助于了解文章的答题内容和主题。如果是新闻报道则是记叙文，有地点，时间，人物事务等要素。有许多大量反映当代社会变化的新词汇和表达方式。命题既重细节，又重推理和主旨。大背景中的小事件，大事件中的小插曲往往是选材的热点。应试对策：1: 在平时学习中，关注生活，阅读新闻报道和广告类文章，把阅读时事文章作为学习英语的重要途径。2. 了解新的词汇和表达方式。如：tsunami 海啸，well- off society 小康社会，gelivable给力, Everything is nothing/ All things are of no consequence just like floating clouds神马都是浮云，等等。.抓住文章主题，准确捕捉细节和内涵，进行合理的推理。6.议论说理类：命题趋势：此类文章数议论文，是阅读理解中较难的题目。其特点是：.一般按提出问题，分析问题，解决问题的方法写作。作者一般从日常生活中的热点问题，社会上的重大问题，如读者息息相关的问题入手。即提出问题，然后分析利弊，举例说明，推理判断，即分析问题。最后阐述观点，提出办法，即解决问题。.以作者的观点和情感为核心对细节推理等方面进行考查。.文章的主体一般是热点问题和重大变革，材料贴近生活。应试对策：一般说来，此类文章对细节，推理，住址等的考查都是紧紧围绕作者的观点和情感的，因此，把握作者的观点态度是做好这类问题的关键。细节，推理，主旨都紧扣作者的观点态度，不能凭空想象，以点代面，言之无物。7.科普知识：命题趋势： 此类文章主要考察考生对语篇的整体领悟和处理信息的能力。其取材密切联系当前经济和科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可靠，是必考材料之一。其特点如下：.文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗。.文章内容注重科技新发展，内容新颖，从而文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂。.命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。.以人们的日常行为或因是健康入手，探讨利弊，阐述概念。应试对策：.浏览 浏览的主要目的就是确定文章的题材。如果文章属于人物传记，记叙文，故事，科普小品和有关社会文化，文史知识的文章，一般说来应先看考察内容，针对不同问题采取粗细结合的阅读方法。.挖掘寓意，掌握中心思想，推出结论。.把握语篇结构，利用上下文进行推测。.纵观全篇，前后呼应。8.生态环保类： 人与自然和谐发展是当代的主题，生态环保的话题也越来越多，考题中占主要地位。其命题趋势是：.题材：强调人与自然和谐发展。.关注人与自然的生存和未来发展。.命题：形式多样，突出整体理解。应试对策：.寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是： 找出每小段的主题句。 主题句通常有这样的特点：有一个话题（topic）; 有阐述控制性概念（controlling idea）偶尔也可在一段中间；有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。.寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的， 分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。A (353)Honesty makes a difference“Who did this? asked my teacher. There were 30 children trying to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher may have found out.”“Who did this? asked my teacher once more. She wasnt really asking, she was demanding an answer. She seldom became angry, but she was this time. She held up a piece of broken glass and asked: “Who broke this window?”“Oh, oh,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. I had not meant to do it. It was caused by an inaccurate (不准确的) throw of a baseball. If I admitted it, I would be in a lot of trouble. How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didnt even get an allowance(零花钱). “My father is going to have a fit,” I thought. I didnt want to raise my hand. But then a force much stronger than me changed my mind. I had to tell the truth.My teacher went to one of our library shelves and took down a book. She then began walking towards my desk.“I know how you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden(有负罪感的) face. “Here is that field(领域) guide about birds that you are always looking for. It is yours. Its time we got a new one for the school anyway. The book is yours and you will not be punished(惩罚) as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed (错误行为),I am rewarding you for your truthfulness. “I couldnt believe it! I wasnt being punished and I was getting my very own bird field guide. I wore out that book trying to match the live, flying birds to their depictions（描述）in that field guide. The book is gone, so is my wonderful teacher. All that remains of that day is my memo