13版习语的翻译笔记.doc

习语的翻译Idiom：set phrases， proverbs，sayings，epigrams，slang expressions，colloquialisms，quotations allusions汉语习语：成语：set phrases，谚语：proverbs，俗语：colloquialisms，歇后语：allegorical sayings英汉习语的对比.英语习语与汉语习语形义完全相同Barking dogs do not bite 吠犬不咬人More haste, less speed 欲速则不达heart to heart 心心相印Like father, like son 有其父必有其子a lion at home, a mouse abroad 在家如狮，在外如鼠Life is short and time is swift 人生苦短，岁月如逝2.英语习语和汉语习语形义部分相同nas strong as a horse n力大如牛na lion in the way n拦路虎ndrink like a fish n牛饮ntalk horse n吹牛nkill the goose to get the eggs n杀鸡取卵nburn ones boats n破釜沉舟nOne boy is a boy; two boys are half a boy; three boys are no boy at alln一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚提水吃，三个和尚没水吃3.英语习语与汉语习语看似相同，实则不相同pull ones leg 欺骗或戏弄某人a walking skeleton 骨瘦如柴的人eat ones words 承认说错；收回前言4.英语习语在汉语中找不到相对应的习语childs play 非常容易做的事go great guns 生龙活虎地做某事; 高速高效地干 soft soap 奉承；讨好的言行举止oil and vinegar 截然不同的东西as fit as a fiddle 非常健康英语习语的译法1.直译 如果英语习语和汉语习语在形义方面完全相同，或是英语习语的形式和意义均能为中国读者接受，在这种情况下采用直译既能再现原文的比喻形象和意义，还能保留原文独特的表现手法以及原文所体现的异域文化，借以丰富汉语语言。 Easy come, easy go 来得容易，去得快 strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁 Example is better than precept 身教胜于言传 Living in an ivory tower, Sally had no understanding of politics萨利身处象牙塔内，对政治一点也不了解.2.直译加注直译加注可以对文化信息作必要的补充和解释，从而最大限度地传达习语固有的文化内涵，使读者尽可能领略原作的风姿和神韵。注释可长可短，既可采用文中注释，也可采用脚注，还可二者合用。如：nThe tongue is a firen口舌如火，火能伤人，口舌亦然。nThe tree is known by its fruitsn观其果知其树，观其行知其人。nA rolling stone gather no moss.n滚石不生苔，常换工作不聚财。nThis was a rag to the bull.n这话简直是朝着公牛摇晃红布，火上浇油。nWhile it may seem to be painting the lily, I should like to add somewhat to Mr. Alistair Cookes excellent article.n我想给阿里斯太尔.库克先生的杰作稍加几笔，尽管这也许是为百合花上色，费力不讨好。3.意译法nKick someone when he is down.n落井下石nA flash in a pan n昙花一现nFine feathers make a fine birdn人靠衣装,佛靠金装nPull out the evil by the roots.n斩草除根nEvery life has its roses and thorns.n人有悲欢离合nAn old dog can learn no new tricksn老顽固不能接受新事物nBad workmen often blame their tools n不会撑船怪河弯nShe found herself to be a fifth wheel in the family.n她感到自己成了这个家里多余的人。nThe boss gave her the sack.n老板把她解雇了。nHe was born with a silver spoon in her mouth.n他出生在富贵之家。nThe teenagers dont invite Bob to their parties because he is a wet blanket.n青少年们不邀请鲍勃参加他们的聚会因为他是一个令人扫兴的人。4.归化He began taking drugs one month after he stopped hiting the pipe. That is just a leopard can not change its spots.他刚刚戒毒才一个月又开始吸毒了。真是江山易改，本性难移 (狗改不了吃屎)a fair weather friend.酒肉朋友I didnt tell George when he came home. Hed have laughed his head off. 乔治回家时我没敢告诉他， 否则他会笑掉大牙的。Exercises：1. All right, I blame myself. But its the last time. We were cats-paws, thats all.2. To carry coals to Newcastle3. Jack of all trades4. A stitch in time saves nine.5. To take French leave6.Tweedledee and tweedledum7.To watch ones Ps and Qs8.To look for a needle in a haystack.9. He just had forty winks.10. His wife held the purse string.11. You should keep your nose out of here.12. Dont you see the writing on the wall?13. That night he slept like a top, and woke with his knee of almost normal size.14. Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard.1.得了，怪我自己瞎了眼。可是我再也不干了。我们上了人家的当，没别的。2.运煤到纽卡斯尔，多此一举。（纽卡斯尔是英国一个产煤中心，运煤到纽卡斯尔是多余的事。）