河北省秦皇岛市抚宁县高考英语阅读理解和书面表达训练（7）.doc

河北省秦皇岛市抚宁县2016高考英语阅读理解和书面表达训练（7）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。an international business specialist group has announced that the move towards a green economy is becoming more urgent for emerging economies(新兴经济体)，especially south africa.on monday，innovation group announced that green economic policies were becoming increasingly important on the global landscape and for emerging economies.according to pule mokoena，from innovation group，experts believe the adoption of these green policies will assist with“ailing(不景气的)economies”“the move to a green economy，such as the adoption of alternative energy solutions，should be adopted by economies and countries.”mokoenas comments came as greenpeace africa called on the south african government to review its decision to include nuclear energy into the countrys energy plan.in order to avoid all energy crisis in the country，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal.for this reason，nuclear energy will account for 23 percent of south africas energy needs，followed by coal at 15 percent，hydro at six percent，gas six percent，turbines six percent and renewable energy 42 percent.however，pule said there are other options for south africas energy needs.“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits，”explained mokoena.nobel economics winner joseph stiglitz and the former world bank chief economist agree with mokoena and believe that the need to switch to green technology should be seen as an opportunity and not as a burden.when in south africa earlier this year，stiglitz said a switch to green technology would stimulate demand for a range of goods and services，which would have a beneficial impact on the aftermath of the global recession. he urged policymakers not to be held back by shortterm perspectives.innovation group has already developed a reliable alternate energy solution，which the company believes will change the landscape of this emerging market and other companies will follow suite and offer renewable energy solutions for emerging economies.“we are quickly becoming an industry leader in this space thanks to our inhouse expert knowledge on the various swh technologies available and the application of our business process outsourcing solutions，which allow for the mass rollout of these technologies on a national scale.we are proud to be an active part of the solution to the current energy crisis and plan to become a major force in the drive towards sustainability and good environmental practice，”pule said.【语篇解读】 像南非这样的新兴经济体经历了经济的快速发展之后会面临能源危机，而走绿色发展道路是唯一的出路。1which of the following is the best title for this text?aadvantages of green energybgreen policies vital for emerging economiescpotential energy crisis for emerging economiesdhow to develop green energy解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是像南非这样的新兴经济体会在发展中遇到能源危机，因此走绿色发展道路显得很重要，政府应在这方面出台相应的政策。故b项作为本文的标题最合适。答案b2the underlined part “the energy mix had to be diversified”in paragraph 5 implies _.aenergy had to be classifiedbdifferent kinds of energy had to be mixedca variety of energy had to be developed and usedda mixture of various energy was essential解析句意理解题。根据下文的“including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable energy(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal”可判断，画线部分的含义为“要开发和利用不同种类的能源”。答案c3according to pule mokoena，_.anuclear energy shouldnt be included into energy plansbfocusing too much on the costs of green policies is shortsightedcgreen policies alone can solve the economic problems faced by south africadgreen polices have nothing to do with the use of the existing resources like coal解析推理判断题。根据第八段中的“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits”可推断选b项。答案b4according to the text，the main reason for the adoption of green policies is that _.athe existing resources are not efficiently usedbgreen energy costs less to developcgreen policies can solve the current energy crisisdgreen technology will stimulate demand for a range of goods and services解析细节理解题。根据全文尤其是最后一段，为了解决目前的能源危机，为了保持可持续发展，政府必须采取这一政策。答案c。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。the goldman environmental foundation recently recognized a group of individuals (个体) for their efforts to protect the environment. each year, the american-based group honors environmental activists from six different areas. the first three winners of the 2012 goldman prize are from kenya, the philippines and china. the goldman environmental foundation says ikal angelei is a hero to those who live around lake turkana. the kenyan woman received the award because of her efforts to stop a dam project on a river in ethiopia. critics say the dam will harm the lake and restrict (限制) the flow of water for people who live nearby. the philippine island of mindoro is home to those who depend on the areas natural resources for food and jobs. edwin gariguez became concerned when a european company announced plans to mine for nickel (镍) on the island. the roman catholic minister said waste materials from the mining project would pollute the water and destroy the forests. so he started a campaign to stop the project. in china, ma june is working with businesses to clean up their pollution. he formed a group that collects information about pollution, and publishes it on the internet. the goldman prize was also awarded to activists from argentina, russia and the united states. sofia gatica of argentina is from a town where farmers commonly use pesticide (杀虫剂) products to protect soybean crops from insects. the town also has a high rate of cancer. sofia gatica believed that pesticide use was responsible for the death of her baby. she worked with other mothers to get government officials to ban the use of chemicals near populated areas. evgenia chirikova objects to the plans to build a road through a protected forest just outside moscow. she has demanded that russian officials redirect the road away from the forest. she and her followers have been arrested for their activities. however, their campaign has gained widespread public support. the sixth winner is american caroline cannona community leader in point hope, alaska. miz cannon is fighting to keep arctic waters safe from oil and gas exploration. 1. we can know from the passage that _. a. the dam project has been preventedb. the first three activists are all from asia c. a european company is going to dig for nickeld. ma june is trying to stop oil and gas exploration2. from the 7th paragraph, we can know that _. a. pesticide use accounts for a high-rate of cancerb. sofia managed to ban the use of chemicalsc. the farmers mainly live on unpolluted products d. the death of the baby was due to delayed treatment3. what do we know about evgenia chirikova？a. she plans to build a road to protect the forest. b. she is in charge of a project far away from the road. c. she persuaded the government to set her followers free. d. her environmental action has been widely acknowledged. 4. what would be the best title for the passage? a. six advanced individuals for hard workb. efforts to create a clean and beautiful worldc. six environmental activists win goldman prized. the goldman environmental foundation prize【参考答案】14、cadc 阅读理解。no one knows for sure when advertising first started. it is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. that led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job. lets take a man well call mr. fielder, for example. he did everything connected with farming. he planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. at the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. however, he didnt make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows(犁), or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things. suppose there was another man we shall call mr. plowright. using what he knew about farming and working with iron, mr. plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. mr. plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows. how did mr. plowright let people know what he was doing? why, he advertised, of course. first he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. that sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. it was probably all the information people needed to find mr. plowright and his really good plows. many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. even before most people could read, they understood such signs. shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale. a medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. you might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. the second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get peoples attention. a crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. it is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. in ancient egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. his job was, in other words, not too different from a tv or radio commercial in todays world. 41what probably led to the start of advertising? athe discovery of iron. bthe specialization of labor. cthe appearance of new jobs. dthe development of farming techniques. 42to advertise his plows, mr. plowright _. apraised his plows in public bplaced a sign outside the shop chung an arrow pointing to the shop dshowed his products to the customers43the writer makes up the two stories of mr. fielder and mr. plowright in order to_. aexplain the origin of advertising bpredict the future of advertising cexpose problems in advertising dprovide suggestions for advertising44in ancient egypt, a crier was probably someone who _. a. owned a shipb. had the loudest voicec. ran a shop selling goods to farmersd. functioned like todays tv or radio commercial45the last two paragraphs are mainly about_. a. the history of advertising b. the benefits of advertisingc. the early forms of advertising d. the basic design of advertising【要点综述】 什么是广告，广告的目的是什么？它最早是怎么开始的呢？在文章中作者将会告诉我们一些有关广告历史的故事。让我们读文章去了解一下吧。41b 考查细节理解。从文章第一段“no one knows for surethat led to the concept of specialization”可知劳动的专业化导致广告的开始，故答案应该选b项。42b考查细节理解。从文章第四段“and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.”可知，他放了一块标牌在外面以吸引顾客，所以选b项。43a考查推理判断。从第五段“many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used five thousand years ago. even before most people could read, they understood such signs. shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.”知，作者通过上面列举的两个例子，阐述广告最有可能的起源，所以答案选a项。44d考查推理判断。从全文最后一段“a crier, in the historical sensein other words, not too different from a tv or radio commercial in todays world.”知，古代的crier如同现代社会电视和广播中的商业代言人，所以选d项。45c考查段落大意。从“a medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message.”和“a crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily”知，最后两段主要讨论了古代商业广告的模式，所以选c项。【2014高考英语吉林省长春市调研试题】书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，因陪母亲看病，不能参加明天下午关于美国文化的讲座。请写一封 短信向老师miss clinton请假。内容主要包括：1. 不能听讲座，跟老师表示歉意；2. 向老师陈述缺席理由；3. 询问老师是否有讲座录音或影像，以便日后补听讲座。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当増加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 开头语已为你写好。dear miss clinton,i am very sorry that _yours, li hua【语篇解读】 书面表达体裁为请假条，题材贴近考生生活。【命题立意】 本试卷书面表达的目的在于考查考生应用已有的语言知识完成一篇应用文（请假条）写作的综合能力。【参考范文】 dear miss clinton, i am very sorry that i will not be able to attend the lecture tomorrow afternoon, which is on american culture. my mother is ill, and i will take her to hospital tomorro