【三年经典】全国各地高考英语 试题分类汇编 定语从句.doc

【三年经典】2011-2013年全国各地高考英语试题分类汇编：定语从句 【2011全国卷i) 31】the prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. a. that b. which c. whose d. what【答案】c【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系，译为作者的故事，因此选c。句子的意思是：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。【2011全国卷ii）7】ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a t-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. a. this b. that c. what d. which【答案】d【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除a和c；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除b。该从句应用which引导，which在从句中作主语，代指前丽的整个句子。【2011北京卷）26】mary was much kinder to jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. a. whob. whichc. whatd. that【答案】b【考点】考查非限定性定语从句。【解析】逗号后的非限定性定语从句中缺少主语，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句部分的内容。选择which。【2011上海卷) 39】youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.a. whichb. wherec. whend. as【答案】a【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】先行词为the bus station，从句中谓语动词hire后差宾语，故用关系代词which。【2011山东卷）32】the old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.a. they b. where c. what d. that【答案】d【考点】此题考察定语从句的引导词。【解析】关系代词that代替先行词small houses，在从句中作主语。句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。【2011江西卷）34】she showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than three years.a. for whichb. with whichc. of whichd. to which【答案】c【考点】考察定语从句【解析】先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间。介词用of。选c。【2011江苏卷）24】between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.a. when b. where c. that d. which【答案】a【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。when引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为a【2011安徽卷）28】whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.a. when b. which c. where d. while【答案】a【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】句意为：剩下的任何东西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存两三周。本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系副词。由句型结构可以看出，该题中的先行词refrigerator在从句中作介词的宾语，该介宾结构在定语从句中作地点状语，故选择关系副词where。when在从句中作时间状语；which在从句中作主语或宾语；while是连词，不能用于定语从句。【2011浙江卷）8】english is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. a. which b. what c. them d. those【答案】a【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，所有应用关系代词which。【2011浙江卷）10】a bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. a. when b. that c. where d. there【答案】c【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】本句中的先行词是the place.，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where。【2011福建卷）24】she has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.a. which b. where c. what d. who【答案】a【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】分析句子成分可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被for her students隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。【2011福建卷）33】it was april 29,2001 prince william and kate middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.athatbwhencsincedberore【答案】b【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】去掉it was及that后，april 29，2011不可以单独作时间状语，所以不是强调句型。用when引导定语从句修饰april29，2011。【2011四川卷）17】the school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. a. which b. whose c. when d. where【答案】d【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】此处whose引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词shop，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店，其主顾大多是学生，因为放假就关门了。”【2011天津卷）10】the days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.a. when b. that c. where d. which【答案】a【考点】考察定语从句。【解析】句意为：when引导定语从句修饰the day。are gone为插入语。句意为：全部靠体力挣钱谋生的时代已经过去了。【2011陕西卷）11】i walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.a. which b. where c. who d. that【答案】b【考点】考查定语从句。【解析】先行词是hill，表地点，定语从句we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake .句子成分中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。，答案选择【2011湖南卷)25】julie was good at german, french and russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. a. who b. whom c. which d. that【答案】c【考点】本题考察定语从句中复合关系代词的用法。【解析】介词后只能使用的关系代词是which, who, whose, 因为句子中关系词指代是语言，故选c；句意：julie擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三种语言她说得都很流利。【2012浙江卷】17.ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.a. whichb. whoc. whered. whom17. 【考点】定语从句【答案】b【解析】who引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中做主语，修饰先行词ellen（人名）。which修行先行词是物的定语从句；whom修饰先行词为人，且在从句中做宾语；where修饰先行词是地点名词，且在从句中地点状语，均不符合语境，故排除。【难度】中等【2012浙江卷】9.we live in an agemore information is available with greater ease than ever before.a. whyb. whenc. to whomd. on which9.【考点】定语从句 【答案】b【解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词an age（时代）. 此处的when=at which。【难度】中等【2012江苏卷】22.after the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_ urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.a. which b. who c. where d. what22. 【考点】定语从句关系代词【答案】b【解析】指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选b项。【举一反三】由who引导的定语从句关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如：a teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.教师是传授知识的人。（关系代词在从句中作主语）the man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.能够做此工作的人将获得1000美元。（关系代词who在从句中作主语）【难度】一般【2012重庆卷】29. sales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as salesa. which b. that c. when d. where29.【考点】定语从句【答案】d【解析】“position”为先行词，后面是其定语从句，关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，因此，应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。因此，正确答案为d选项。【难度】一般技巧点拨：句意表示“我已经达到人生的一个转折点，应该自己做决定。”先行词是point, 关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此，正确答案为b选项。【2012四川卷】13. in our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses.a. in whom b. in them c. of whom d. of them13.【答案与解析】 c 本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词them而应用关系代词whom引导定语从句；在46个学生当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选c。【2012陕西卷】14. it is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.a. that b. wherec.whichd. whata152012陕西卷【答案与解析】c 考查定语从句。所填词前有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中做主语，选c。其余选项与题干不符。【2012北京卷】26. when deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. a. that b. which c. where d. when 26. b。非限制性定语从句，which作表语。【2012全国ii】8. that evening, _ i will tell you more about later, i ended up working very late.a. that b. which c. what d. when【答案】b【解析】这里that evening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。7【2012天津卷】i wish to thank professor smith, without_help i would never have got this far.【b】a. who b. whosec. whomd. which 2013上海卷38. an ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another.a. thatb. wherec. whod. what38. 答案：a解析：题干的意思是：“生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的”。分析句子结构，_ interact with one another是定语从句，先行词是the living and nonliving things，通过还原法可知，先行词在从句中作主语，不是人，所以用that。务必记住：what不可引导定语从句。2013浙江卷13the museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.a. whatb. wherec. whend. why13.b。考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰platform，where再从句中充当地点状语。解题思路：1.确定从句类型，主句主干完整，可判断出是定语从句而非名词性从句；2.查找先行词；3.判断从句主干是否完整，确定关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当什么成分。【句意】这家博物馆将在春天开放，有一个展览和一个观看平台，在这个平台上参观者可以看到正在建造一个大玻璃屋。2013重庆卷 24john invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.athem bthat cwhich dwhom24. d。本题考查定语从句。逗号之后是一个非限定性定语从句，关系词that只能引导限定性定语从句，排除；先行词是people，which 只能指物，排除选项c；如果用them， 则逗号之后应该加上一个连词and，排除。【拓展】英语中两个句子之间是必须要有一个连词的，简单说，如果在一个逗号的前面和后面的句子之中没有连词的话，那这个句子就是错误的。【句意】约翰邀请了四十个人参加他的婚礼，其中大部分是家庭成员。2013陕西卷16 is often the case with children, amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. a. it b. that c. what d. as16. b。本题考查定语从句。as在此句中引导非限定性定语从句，放在句首，同时在从句中作主语，为正确答案；如果用it或者that，那么整个句子中缺少一个连词，排除选项a和b； 如果用what，逗号前面应该是一个主语从句，主语从句之后应该是谓语动词，而不是逗号之后再来一个句子，排除。【句意】等医生到的时候，amy好多了，孩子都这样。2013四川卷9 nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.a. what b. which c. when d. where9. d。本题考查定语从句。the environment是先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，“他们生活在这个环境中”，故用关系代词where。【拓展】关系词的选择，最关键的就是看先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是表示什么的单词，如表示地点的先行词之后未必用where，同样表示时间的先行词之后未必用when。【句意】现在人们更加关心他们所生活的环境。2013山东卷35 finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.a. when b. where c. which d. whom35.c。本题考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词为island，而先行词在从句中所做的成分是主语，所以用关系代词that或which；when和where引导定语从句时用做状语；而whom引导定语从句时做宾语。【句意】最终他们到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。2013山东卷 31there is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.a. as b. thatc. when d. where31.a。本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。that是不可以引导非限制性定语从的；而when和where引导定语从句时不做主语。【句意】没有简单的答案，正如科学界的许多情况一样。2013辽宁卷 34 he may win the competition, _ he is likely to get into the national team.ain which case bin that case cin what case din whose case34. a。本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构，he may win the competition为主句，剩下的只可以为从句，故先排除b。本题中，in which case引导非限制性定语从句，相当于and in that case。所以选a。【拓展】考生务必牢记：what不可引导定语从句。2013江西卷 33 he wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.a. what b. which c. where d. how33.c考查定语从句。解题关键是判断定语从句关联词的选择方法，即：根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分来判断。本题中先行词letter在从句中做地点状语，因此，正确答案为c。【句意】他写了一封信，在信中他解释了事故中发生的一切。【拓展】what与how都不可以引导定语从句。2013江苏 32 the president of the world bank says he has a passion for china，_ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.awhere bwhich cwhat dwhen33. c。本题考查固定短语在语境中的使用。a. take a share分担，为出力 b. take a chance冒险 c. take a turn转弯，转；（情况、形势等）转变 d. take a lead领先，带头。根据本句，for the better的提示，可见是讲转变，变得更好，所以选c。【句意】有了源于其他食品文化的灵感，美国饮食文化可以变得更好。2013湖南卷 21 happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths.a. whom b. whoc. what d. which21. b。考查定语从句。who指代先行词those（那些人），在从句中做主语， whom不能做主语，which指物，what不能引导定语从句，故选择b。解题技巧：找主干，析从句。1.找主干：因为主句完整， happiness and success often come to those.不难看出本题考查定语从句，排除what。2.析从句:_are good at recognizing their own strengths,缺主语，先排除whom，先行词those（那些人），排除which，故选择who。【句意】幸福和成功总青睐能善于意识到自己长处的人们。2013福建卷27 the book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.a. whose b. thatc. who d. which27. a。本题考查定语从句。_ lives were affected.是定语从句，修饰those，从句的主语是_ lives，缺修饰语，所以选whose。【句意】这本书从经历过地震的人的角度来讲述地震的故事。2013北京卷 27many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected. a. when b. whichc. whose d. where27. d。本题考查定语从句的连词。空处之后是一个定语从句，先行词是park，在定语从句中作地点状语，“in the park”，故应该选用关系副词where。【句意】许多国家都在建立国家公园，可以保护很多动植物。【小窍门】定语从句中关系词的选择取决于在定语从句中的句法作用，要看它做什么成分，而不是表示什么，如表示时间，地点等的先行词，在定语从句中未必就是做时间或者地点状语，如果是做主语，宾语，表语，那就不能用关系副词when，where，而应该根据具体情况，选用关系代词。2013安徽卷 29 mo yan was awarded the nobel prize for literature in 2012, _ made one of the chinese peoples longheld dreams come