高三总复习状语从句专题.doc

状语从句精品学案知识清单：一.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where引导，并且一般放在主句后边a. Stay where you are.b. Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.c. A driver should slow down where there are schools.2.也可由wherever,引导地点状语从句。a. Wherever he happens to be, Clint can make himself at home. 无论在什么地方，Clint总是无拘无束。二.原因状语从句1原因状语从句常见的连词有：because, since, as, for.区别如下：because 语气最强，只有它才能用来回答why的提问。所引出的原因往往是听话人所不知道的或最感兴趣的原因。eg. My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.since 表示人们已经知道的事实，不需强调的原因。所以常译成“既然-”通常放在句首。eg. Since we dont have class tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic?as与since的用法差不多，所引出的理由在说话人看来已经很明显，或以为听话人所熟悉而不需用because强调。eg. As Monday is a national holiday, all government offices will be closed.for表示推断的理由，是对前面分句的内容加以解释或说明。因此for引导的原因状语从句一般不放在句首。eg. It rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning .比较：Because it rained last night ,the ground is wet this morning.2.用介词表示因果关系，常见的介词有：because of, due to(不用在句首)，owing to(常用在句首)，thanks to。因为是介词，所以后面只能接名词，而不是从句。如：a. We had an accident because he was careless.b. We had an accident due to his carelessness.(不能说：due to he was careless.)c. Owing to his carelessness we had an accident.dThanks to your help , I passed the exam.3.其他复合连词表示原因1）seeing (that),now (that),considering (that),given (that) 与since接近，它们都有“鉴于某个事实，考虑到-”的意思。如：a. Now that you are sixteen, you can get a drivers license.b. They did the job very well , considering that they had no experience.c. Given that they are inexperienced, theyve done a good job.d. Now that the semester is finished, Im going to rest a few days and then take a trip.2)in that 基本意思是“原因就在于-”，其引导的从句要放在主句后边，而且主句通常是在做比较。例如：a. The girl is like her mother in that she also has very delicate feeling.b. Liquids are like solids they have a definite volume.A. in that B. for that C. with that D .at that c. Lhasa is unique it is the highest city in China.A. on that B. so that C. for that D. in that 三.目的状语从句1.目的状语从句的常见引导词有：so that , in order that。从句中常含有情态动词may/might, shall/should, will/would, can/could等。a. When I was a child , I would take a flashlight to bed with me so that I could read comic books without my parents knowing about it.b. I spoke slowly and clearly so that / in order that the audience could understand me.c. They carved the words on the stone so that/in order that the future generation could remember what they had done.从句一般位于主句之后。若要强调目的状语从句，可将so that , in order that 置于句首。d. In order that the coming generation can learn the martial arts, he has recently devoted much time to writing books on the subject.四。结果状语从句：结果状语从句常用的引导词有：so-that, such-that, such that.从句中一般不带情态动词，且从句都要放在从句之后。His anger was so explosive that he lost control of himself.Diplomats and crabs are creatures who move in such a way that it is impossible to tell whether they are coming or going .在such that 引导的结果状语从句中，such=so+形容词。a. His anger was such that he lost control of himself.b. His anger was so explosive that he lost control of himself.c. The weather is such that we can only stay in airconditioned places.d. The weather is so hot that we can only stay in airconditioned places.结果状语从句的倒装；（考试重点）such/so -that 引导的结果状语从句，为了强调，还可以将主句倒装。a. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed . 原句为：Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.b. So terrible was the storm that the roofs were all ripped off.The storm was so terrible that the roofs were all ripped off. c. Such a fool was he that he believed him .d. that the pilot couldnt fly through it .A. So the storm was severe B. So severe was the storm C. The storm so severe was D. Such was the storm severeso和 such 的用法区别 :1. so+形容词、副词；such+(形容词)名词2. such=so+形容词3. so +adj+an/a +n=such+a/an+adj+n 同what与how做感叹句的区别。4. so+many/much/little/few+n=many/much/little/few+such +nThere are so many students in the school.; There are such good students in the school.There are many such students in the school.条件状语从句：1.最常见的引导词是if 和unless(我们在做题时一般把unless转换成if not,译为“如果不”)eg. 1.If winter comes, can spring be far behind. 2.You dont need an umbrella unless it is raining.2.其他的引导词有：suppose (that), supposing (that), providing/provided (that)假如, so long as , as long as只要, on condition that在-条件下in case万一 eg. 1. you fell in love with you boss, what would you do?A. Provide B. Supposing C. unless D. Except 2. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting you dont mind traveling by air.A. provided B. unless C. though D. until巩固性练习题1. The class went on with the story _ they had left it before the holiday. A. where B. which C. in which D. when2. The company has a free long-distance telephone number _ customers may call with any questions they have about its products. A. although B. as C. even if D. so that3. - Is Mr. Smith in the office?- Yes，_ he is in charge of the office，he must be there.A. since B. however C. whether D. for4. - Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.- Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong.A. If B. When C. Where D. Though5. The day must be breaking, _ the birds have begun singing. A. because B. as C. for D. since6. John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones.A. as long asB. in order to C. in case D. so that7. The two girls look _ much alike _ no one can tell them apart. A. so, that B. so, and C. as, that D. such, that8. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. whichB. whenC. so thatD. as if9. We must hurry up _ catch the last train.A. thatB. so that toC. in order thatD. in order to10. _ you are so weak，youd better stay at home.A. SinceB. ForC. BecauseD. Though11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.A. whenB. where C. then D. there13. - Shall Brown come and play computer games?- No，_ he has finished his homework.A. when B. if C. unless D. once14. If _，I would have gone with him.A. had he told meB. he had told me C. he has told meD. he would tell me15. Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong _ she rang me up.A. whenB. thanC. thatD. and16. By the time you _ back，the supper _ ready.A. will get；will beB. get；wasC. get；will beD. will get；is21. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter. （04全国I）A becauseB so thatC even ifD as27.If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (06天津)A. in which B. what C. when D. where29.His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (06陕西卷)A. so B. and C. that D. as31.David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course. .(06上海春)A. that B. what C. why D. how38. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _ they have eggs or young chicks, they dont use a nest. 2007 湖南卷 A. why B. how C. unless D. where 42. The weather was _ cold that I didnt like to leave my room. (08全国卷I32)A. really B. such C. too D. so43. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (08全国卷I)A. once B. because C. if D. unless 46、(08山东卷 31)Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it.A. even ifB. which C. where D. so that47、(08江西卷34)Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people.A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that1. (09安徽)I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free _ the third costs $30.A. while B. until C. when D. before2. (09北京)John plays basketball well, _ his favorite sport is badminton.A. so B. or C. yet D. for4. (09福建)She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.A. when B. while C. after D. since6. (09江苏) _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until13. (09上海)The Great Wall is _ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year. A. so a well-known B. a so well-knownC. such well-known a D. such a well-known14. (09上海)You cant borrow books from the school l