11-20组词汇辨析讲解.doc

11. achievement,accomplishment, featMans first moon landing was aconspicuous_.I advise you to learn, for German is avaluable_ to teachers.Theacrobats _ took the audiences breath away.点津：achievement,accomplishment, feat都表示成就。achievement 指需要勇气和努力才能完成的异常危险和困难的事，其结果令人佩服；accomplishment 指需要学问或付出一定劳动后才能且已经完成的或做好了的事；feat “功绩，技艺，壮举”，指需要极大的勇气、智慧和力量或技术获得的成就，这一成就受人瞩目和佩服；Mans first moon landing was aconspicuousachievement.人类的首次月球登陆是一个卓越的成就。I advise you to learn, for German is avaluableaccomplishmentto teachers.我劝你继续学下去，因为对教师来说，德语是一门很重要的学问。Theacrobats feat took the audiences breath away.杂技演员的惊险动作使观众为之咋舌。答案：achievement,accomplishment, feat12. assert,claim,allege,affirmJustice will _ itself.A _ has been put in for higher wages.He would again and again _ that he was wholly unfitted to new duties.I _ I can like it.点津：assert,claim,allege,affirm都有声称，断定的意思。assert “宣称，坚持”，指不管事实如何，主观自信地宣称claim “声称，主张”，往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点，或指根据某种规定提出的要求或主张allege “宣称，断定”，指在无真实凭据情况下宣称affirm “断言，肯定”，指根据事实坚信不移地宣称，而且有可靠证据，任何时候都不动摇Justice willassertitself.正义必将伸张。Aclaimhas been put in for higher wages.已经提出了增加工资的要求。He would again and againallegethat he was wholly unfitted to new duties.他一再指出，他完全不适合担任新的职务。IaffirmI can like it.我肯定我会喜欢它。答案：assert,claim,allege, affirm13. valid,vain,vacant,vagueHow long is the ticket _ ?He tried in _ to get intocontactwith the localbranch.He was appointed to the _ post.His thought was too _ to be described.点津：valid 有效的，有充分根据的。How long is the ticketvalid?这车票有效期多久？Thecontractisvalidfor six months.vain 无益的，徒然的，自负的。He tried invainto get intocontactwith the localbranch.他试图与当地分部取得联络,但没有成功。She made avainattempt topersuadehim to come back.vacant 空的，未被占用的，空虚的。He was appointed to thevacantpost.他被委派填补那空缺.He applied for avacantposition.vague 不清楚的，含糊的，茫然的。Ihavent the vaguest idea of what they want.His thought was toovagueto be described.他的思路混混沌沌，难以理清。答案：valid,vain,vacant, vague14. altitude,aptitude, attitude,latitudeThe airplane kept on flying at a high _.He shows a great _ in painting.My staff must have a can-do _.The Tropic of Cancer is the most northerly _ in the NorthernHemisphere.点津：altitude 高度，海拔 (analtitudeof 20,000 meters above sea level海拔20,000米）aptitude 才能，智力，倾向，习性attitude 态度，看法latitude 纬度(longitude经度)The airplane kept on flying at a highaltitude.这架飞机继续在高空飞行。He shows a greataptitudein painting.他在绘画上表现出很高的才能。My staff must have a can-do attitude.我的员工须具备乐观进取的态度。The Tropic of Cancer is the most northerlylatitudein the NorthernHemisphere.在北半球，北回归线的纬度最高。答案：altitude,aptitude, attitude, latitude15. adapt,adopt,adeptAll life is about changeyou either _ ordie.Theresolutionwas _ by anoverwhelmingmajority.Unfortunately, I am more _ at spending money than making it.点津：adapt是动词，其意为“改编，改变以适应”。All life is about changeyou eitheradaptordie.生命在于变化要么适应要么死亡。adopt也是动词，其意为“收养，采纳，采用”。Theresolutionwas adopted by anoverwhelmingmajority.决议以压倒多数通过。adept是形容词，其意为“擅长的，有技巧的”。Unfortunately, I am moreadeptat spending money than making it.不幸的是，我花钱的本事远远大于我挣钱的本事。答案：adapt, adopted, adept16. instinct,distinct,extinctThe sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal _.The partysplitinto two _ groups.Nothing couldrekindleher _passion.点津：instinct 本能The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。distinct 清楚的，截然不同的The partysplitinto twodistinctgroups.该党分裂成两个截然不同的团体。extinct 灭绝的，消逝的Nothing couldrekindleherextinctpassion.她激情已逝, 无从心回意转。答案：instincts,distinct, extinct17. reflect, inflectDid you _ on the consequences of your behaviour?Verb may is _ for person, tense, voice, and mood.点津：reflect v. 反映inflect v. 弯曲，变弯Did youreflecton the consequences of your behaviour?你考虑过你的行为的后果吗？Verb may is inflect for person, tense, voice, and mood.动词随著人称、时态、语态和语气的不同可能会有词形的曲折变化。答案：reflect, inflect18. reject,inject, ejectAs soon as an idea is accepted it is time to _ it.The mosquito will suck our blood. Whats even worse, it will _poisoninto our bodies.Thepatronof the bar was _ for creating a disturbance.点津：reject 拒绝inject 注射eject 逐出，弹出As soon as an idea is accepted it is time torejectit.新思想一被接受，就是要把它抛弃的时候了。The mosquito will suck our blood. Whats even worse, it willinjectpoisoninto our bodies.蚊子会吸我们的血。更糟的是，它会把毒注入我们的体内。Thepatronof the bar was ejected for creating a disturbance.酒吧客人因制造骚乱而被驱离。答案：reject,inject, ejected19. scare,sacred,scarce Well _ her out of telling the police.In Africa the snake is still _ with many tribes.The food was _ during the war.点津：scare v.恐吓；adj.吓人的Well scare her out of telling the police.我们要把她吓得不敢报警。sacred 神圣的，不可 冒犯的In Africa the snake is stillsacredwith many tribes.非洲许多部落仍认为蛇是不可冒犯的。scarce 缺乏的The food wasscarceduring the war.战争期间食物短缺。答案：scare,sacred, scarce20. record,accord, cordial Some _ of ancient civilization were discovered recently.Your views are not in _ withmine.They came to an _ that profits should be shared equally.Thebanquetwas full of _ andfriendlyatmosphere.点津：Record:记录Some records of ancient civilization were discovered recently.最近发现了一些