【创新设计】高考英语一轮总复习 专题一 名词活页练习（含解析）(1).doc

专题一名词.单项填空1both sides are determined to get what they want，and there seems to be no possibility of _.acompetence bcompositionccompetition dcompromise答案d考查名词辨析。句意：双方都决意得到他们想要的东西，似乎没有妥协的可能。competence“能力；胜任；本领”；composition“成分；作品”；competition“竞争”；compromise“妥协；折衷”。2why did you say that yesterday?it was just a casual_.i didnt mean anything by it.aremark bjudgmentcstatement ddiscussion答案a考查名词辨析。这里答话人表示，那仅仅是一个随便的评论，没有什么恶意。因此remark“谈论；评述”，符合语境。judgment“判决”；statement“声明”；discussion“讨论”。3the boss showed his_ of toms hard work in the company by raising his pay to $ 5,000 a month.adistinction bpromotioncappreciation dreservation答案c考查名词辨析。句意：老板通过将汤姆的月薪提升至5 000美元来表示对他的赏识。appreciation意为“欣赏，赏识”，符合句意。4in his absence，i would like to thank all concerned on my brothers _.abehalf bpart cbusiness dinterest答案a考查名词辨析。句意：我弟弟没在场，我想代表他向所有相关的人员表示感谢。on sbs behalf on behalf of sb，为固定短语，意为“代表某人”，符合句意。for sbs part“就某人而言”；on business“因公”；in sbs interest“为了某人的利益 ”。5much to our surprise，the witnesss _of the traffic accident differed from the official version in several aspects.aaccount bopinioncinstruction dexplanation答案a考查名词辨析。句意：很让我们吃惊的是，目击者对这起交通事故的描述在几个方面和官方的版本不同。account“描述”，符合句意。opinion“看法”；instruction“说明”；explanation“解释”。6it was a difficult job for him.he had tried everything but it made little _.ause bgoodcdifference dresult答案c考查名词辨析。句意：这个工作对他来说有点难，他做了各种各样的努力，但没有什么成效。make a difference“起作用；有影响”，此处的make little difference表示“没有多大作用”，符合题意。7this online game has been intended to improve childrens _.aintelligence breputationcresponsibility dimpression答案a考查名词辨析。句意：这个网络游戏是为了提高孩子们的智力。intelligence“智力”，符合句意。reputation“名誉”；responsibility“责任”；impression“印象”。8the patients family has expressed their _ to the press in letters for the money raised.apurpose bapologiescgratitude dsympathy答案c考查名词辨析。句意：病人家属为收到的捐款向媒体表达了感激之情。 purpose“目的”；apology“道歉”；gratitude“感激；感谢”；sympathy“同情”。9the foreign ministry spokeswoman on thursday urged japan to stop making irresponsible _ on the incident in waters off the diaoyu islands.acomments bexplanations carguments ddebates答案a考查名词辨析。句意：这个外交部女发言人周四敦促日本停止对在钓鱼岛海域所发生的事件的不负责任的评论。make comments on“对进行评论”，符合句意。10i cant say which type of tea tastes better.its just a(n) _ of personal preference.aaffair bproblemcvariety d.matter答案d考查名词辨析。句意：我不能说哪种类型的茶口味更好。这只是个人口味的问题。its just a matter of .“这只是的问题”，符合句意。11mo yan，a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new _ to describing chinas rural and folk culture.away bapproachcpassage dentry答案b考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民俗文化。 an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”；entry意为“进入；进入权；入口处”。12finding information in todays world is easy.the _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.aknowledge babilityccompetition dchallenge答案d考查名词辨析。句意：当今世界找信息很容易，但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。knowledge“知识”；ability“能力”；competition“竞赛”；challenge: a new or difficult task“挑战；艰巨任务”。13the police managed to gain _ through an upstairs window. aapproach bwaycaccess dpassage答案c考查名词辨析。句意：警方设法通过楼上的一扇窗户进入。approach，way，passage都有“道路，通道”的意思，且都为可数名词；access为不可数名词，意为“通道，入径”。空处前没有冠词，四个选项中只有access为不可数名词，故选c。14because of h7n9 bird flu，all the chicken markets in shanghai have been closed and wont open until further _.asign bsymbolccontact dnotice答案d考查名词辨析。句意：因为h7n9禽流感，上海所有的活禽市场都被关闭直到另行通知才能开放。sign“迹象；手势”；symbol“象征；符号”；contact“联系”；notice“通知”。根据句意可知，应选d。15sometimes its a bit challenging to reach a _ between parents expectations and their kids desires.acommitment bcomprehensionccooperation dcompromise答案d考查名词辨析。句意：有时在家长的期望和孩子的愿望之间达成妥协有点困难。commitment“承诺”；comprehension“理解(力)”；cooperation“合作”；compromise“妥协；折衷”。.完形填空i used to hate being called upon in class mainly because i didnt like attention drawn to myself.and_1_otherwise assigned(指定) a seat by the teacher，i always_2_to sit at the back of the classroom.all this_3_after i joined a sports team.it began when a teacher suggested i try out for the basketball team.at first i thought it was a crazy_4_because i didnt have a good sense of balance，nor did i have the_5_to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me.but for the teacher who kept insisting on my “_6_ for it”，i wouldnt have decided to give it a try.getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the_7_of it！when i first started _8_ the practice sessions，i didnt even know the rules of the game，much _9_ what i was doing.sometimes id get _10_ and take a shot at the wrong directionwhich made me feel really stupid._11_，i wasnt the only one“new”at the game，so i decided to_12_ on learning the game，do my best at each practice session，and not be too hard on myself for the things i didnt _13_“just yet”i practiced and practiced.soon i knew the_14_ and the “moves”being part of a team was fun and motivating.very soon the competitive_15_in me was winning over my lack of confidence. with time，i learned how to play and made friends in the _16_friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player. i never had so much fun!with my_17_ selfconfidence comes more praise from teachers and classmates.i have gone from“_18_”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself，_19_ raising my handeven when i sometimes wasnt 100 percent _20_ i had the right answer.now i have more selfconfidence in myself.【语篇解读】自信是通往成功之路的第一步。作者由于缺乏自信，甚至都不愿意坐在教室的前排。直到参加篮球队后，通过努力，信心大增，最终战胜了自己。1a.as buntil cunless dthough答案c第一句话告诉我们作者讨厌上课被提问，因为他不喜欢被别人注意，所以除非老师给他指定座位，否则他总会选择坐在教室的后排。根据句意应选择c项。2a.hoped bagreed cmeant dchose答案d如果老师不指定座位，那么作者就会选择坐在教室后排。根据句意选择d项。3a.continued bchangedcsettled dstarted答案b根据下文可知，作者参加篮球队后一切都发生了变化。故选b项。continue继续；settle解决；start开始。4a.idea bplan cbelief dsaying答案a根据下文i didnt have a good sense of balance可知作者觉得这个想法很疯狂。故选择a项。plan计划；belief信念；saying谚语。5a.right bchancecability dpatience答案c根据下文they would tease me可知作者没有信心，觉得自己不能与其他队员一起并驾齐驱。这里应指做某事的能力，故用ability。right权利；chance机会；patience耐心。6a.going blookingccheering dapplying答案a要不是老师一直坚持要我大胆一试，我绝不会尝试的。go for it大胆尝试，故选择a项。look for寻找；cheer for为而欢呼；apply for申请。7a.point bhalf crest dbasis答案b鼓起勇气去锻练只是成功了一半。point点；half一半；rest休息；basis基础。8a.enjoying bpreparingcattending dwatching答案cattend the practice sessions上训练课。enjoy欣赏；prepare准备；watch观看。9a.less blater cworse dfurther答案a第一次上训练课作者不了解比赛规则，甚至都不知道自己在做些什么。less“更少”，符合题意，故选a项。10a.committed bmotivatedcembarrassed dconfused答案d根据下文take a shot at the wrong direction可知作者弄混了，故用confused，选择d项。11a.interestingly bfortunatelycobviously dhopefully答案b作者为自己并不是比赛中唯一的一个“新手”而感到庆幸。fortunately“庆幸地”，故选择b项。interestingly有趣地；obviously显然地；hopefully满怀希望地。12a.focus bact crely dtry答案a根据下文do my best at each practice session可知作者下定决心学好篮球，把精力都集中在学习篮球上。故选择a项。focus on集中精力/注意力于，故选择a项。act on根据(建议、信息等)行事；rely on依靠；try on试验。13a.want bdo csupport dknow答案d作者决定不会再为自己还不知道某些事情而过分为难自己。14a.steps borders crules dgames答案c上文i didnt even know the rules of the game提示我们设空处应为rules。15a.role bpart cmind dvalue答案b很快，我骨子里的那份竞技性逐渐压过了我缺乏的自信心。part部分，份。故选择b项。role角色；mind头脑，智力；value价值。16a.process boperationcmovement dsituation答案a随着时间的推移，我学会了怎么玩，并且还学会了在玩的过程中结交新朋友。process过程，进程。故选择a项。operation操纵；movement运动；situation情形，境遇。17a.expressed bimprovedcpreserved drecognized答案b我的自信心得以提高，故用improved，选择b项。18a.dreaming bplayingcrelaxing dhiding答案d根据下文not wanting to call attention to myself可知作者把自己“藏”在教室后面，故用hide，选择d项。dream梦想；play玩耍；relax放松。19a.by bfor cwith dto答案d根据上文i have gone from.可知设空处应该用to，from.to.为习惯搭配，故正确答案为d项。20a.lucky bhappy csure dsatisfied答案cbe sure that.确信有时候我并不是百分之百确信自己的答案正确。lucky幸运的；happy高兴的；satisfied满意的。长难句but for the teacher who kept insisting on my“going for it”，i wouldnt have decided to give it a try.要不是老师一直坚持要我大胆尝试，我是不会试的。本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。but for.要不是；insist on ones doing sth坚持要某人做某事；give it a try试一试。.阅读理解to win an oscar is an achievement at any age.to do so at 22，like jennifer lawrence，is just amazing.recently，the american star won best actress at this years academy awards for her role in the film silver linings playbook.according to time magazines richard corliss，lawrence is a rare young actress who lends mature intelligence to any role. though lawrence has found great success through her big screen work，she wasnt sure what she really liked doing before the age of 14.she thought shed go to college and maybe find a career as a doctor or a travel agent.lawrences two brothers were star athletes and one of them was a straighta student.unlike them，she suffered through school，never finding where she belonged.however，during a trip to new york，lawrence suddenly realized that she wanted to be an actress.when she was enjoying the beautiful city，a model seeker asked if he could take her picture，and the next day he called her in for an audition(试镜)“i read the script and it was the first time i had that feeling like i understand this，”lawrence said.“within 20 minutes in the cab ride from the hotel，i decided i didnt want to be a model.in fact，i wanted to be an actress.”having appreciated this young ladys performance，the agency was so impressed with her reading that they signed her on the spot. but she insisted on finishing high school so she could pay her full attention to her acting career.lawrence burst onto the hollywood scene last year with the hunger games，which established her as the highestgrossing(票房最高的)female action hero of all time. rolling stone called her“the most talented young actress in america.”【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了好莱坞明星詹妮弗劳伦斯凭借自己的才能和努力飞向梦想的殿堂的故事。1which of the following is true of jennifer lawrence?ashe achieved her dream by chance.bshe used to be a wellknown model