牛津英语9B Unit 4 复习讲义 曹宇堃.doc

金禾苗教育牛津英语9B Unit 4 复习讲义一、重点词汇重点词语搭配be proud of “以为自豪”be involved in “被卷入.”take pride in “以为自豪”It is said that. “据说”二、语法点拨定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用： 连接作用，引导定语从句。 代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 在定语从句中充当一句子成分。 【注】关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。 限制性定语从句为先行词在意义上是不可缺少的定语，若去掉，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。1. 关系代词：在句中作主语、宾语或定语 (1) that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。This is the book(which)you want.(2) 如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(3) 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which： a) 先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时； b) 先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略； c) 先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时； d) 先行词中既有人又有物时； e) 整个句中前面已有which，who,that时； f) 当先行词为物并作表语时； g) 先行词为one时； h) 先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时； (4) who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友。(5) whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。2. 关系副词：在句中作状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介词同先行词搭配) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.【定语从句学习口诀】一找二辩三判断，数和时态跟后面，特殊情况特殊办。一找先行词，二辩关系词是人还是物，三判断做什么成分，然后是定语从句的时态和数，介词后面的情况和只用关系词that的情况。【真题演练】 1. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip. (2010 .河北省)A. whoB. thatC. whomD. whose2. Jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything. (2010.自贡市)A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. which3. -The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu. -Yes. They are helping the people _are suffering from the earthquake. (2010扬州市)A. whichB. whatC. /D. who4. Friends are those make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. (2010河南省) A. which B. what C. whom D. who5. I began to work in Shanghai in the year _Hong Kong was returned to China. (2010十堰市)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when6. This is the school _ I studied three years ago. (2010菏泽市) A. where B. when C. that D. which7. This is my beautiful school _ is near the famous library.( 2010桂林市) A. whereB. whichC. whoD. when8. You cant wake a person _ is pretending(假装)to be asleep. (2010杭州市)A. whoB. whichC. heD. 不填9. -Have you found the information about the famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet. ( 2010兰州市)A. who B. what C. whom D. which10. -Which girl is your sister?-The girl _ is wearing dark glasses.( 2010黄石市)A. whichB. whose C. whoD. whom11. I cant forget the time _ the earthquake happened in Yushu. (2010青海省)A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where12. The TV play is about a true story _ happened in Mianyang in 1998. (2010四川省)A. it B. what C. that D. when三、交际用语谈论名人牛津英语9B Unit 4 短语汇总序号ChineseEnglish1因而出名be famous for = be well-known for2第一人在月球上行走的人the first man to walk on the moon第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女人the first woman to win the Nobel Prize3关心穷人care for the poor4摇滚乐之王the king of rock and roll5对.产生兴趣(短暂性动词短语)become interested in6自从ever since 7第一次坐飞机take ones first flight8在六岁时at the age of six9上飞行课；接受飞行训练take flying lessons10学生飞行员执照student pilots licence11在某人的空余时间里in ones spare time=in ones free time12风洞wind tunnels13第一次for the first time14听说.hear of = hear about听说.hear + 宾从15为了作进一步的研究for further research16武装力量armed force17在另一边on the other side18在华沙市in the city of Warsaw19不为某人所知be unknown to sb.20失去控制out of control在.的控制下under the control of 21相对论the theory of relativity22诺贝尔奖the Nobel Prize23在某人的一生中during ones lifetime24转折点turning point25放弃（做某事）give up (doing sth.)为别人放弃一切give up everything for others26小量的（修不可数名词）a small amount of .大量的（修不可数名词）a large/big amount of .27把奉献给.(做.)devote . to (doing). 28试飞员a test pilot29缩短飞行cut the flight short30名言famous words31警告某人不要靠近warn sb. to stay away32在20世纪40年代in the 1940s在某人40多岁时in ones forties33第20世纪the twentieth century34为做贡献make a contribution to (doing)35选中某人做某事select sb to do sth.某人被选中去做某事sb. be selected to do sth.36一起宗教斗争a religious fighting37改变某人的生活change ones life38离开（某地）去印度leave for India 39在一个有三个小孩的家庭之中in a family of three children 40A与B结婚A marry BA get married to BA and B get married牛津英语9B Unit 4 基础训练一、重点词组1. 上飞行课 _2. 第一次_3. 在六岁时_ 4. 试飞员_5. 失去控制_ 6. 缩短飞行_7. 据说_ 8. 因而出名_9. 相对论_10. 诺贝尔奖_11. 在某人的一生中_12. 为别人放弃一切_二、句型结构1. Ive never heard of him. hear of意思是“听说”。 你听说过成龙吗？他是个很棒的演员。_Jackie Chan? He is a great actor.2. On its way back to Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. out of control意思为“失去控制，不受操纵”。 车失去控制，撞上了路边的一棵树。The car_and hit a tree by the road.3. She married a Frenchman called Pierre Curie there. marry 意思是“结婚，嫁，娶”，常用句型有： marry sb表示“给某人；与.结婚” be/get married to sb表示“与某人结婚” marry sb to sb表示“父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇” 去年琳达嫁给了汤姆。Linda_Tom last year. 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。Jane _ a doctor last month. 她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。She _ a businessman.三、难点语法1. 限制性定语从句的用法。在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。定语从句应放在名词或代词的后面。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who, whose称为关系代词,where、when、why称为关系副词。2. 关系代词that; who; which的用法。关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。Whichkw只能指物that多指物, that有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。 这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。This is the thief_we have been looking for these days. 请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。Please find a room