【名师导航】中考英语二轮专题复习 情态动词(1).doc

2014中考英语二轮专题复习情态动词名师导航1系动词be, look, smell, get, become, turn, keep等的基本用法。2情态动词can, may, must, need, shall, will等的基本句型结构及主要用法。考点梳理考点一 情态动词情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，表示“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等含义，但其本身词义不完全，不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式一般是在情态动词后加not (have to除外)，其疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有：can/could, may/might, must, need, shall/should, will/would。1can和could的用法(1)can/could 表示“能力；许可；可能性”等。could 为 can 的过去式。如：can i use your bike？我可以用你的自行车吗？(2)can 用在疑问句中，表示征求意见、请求许可，答语仍用 can; could 用在疑问句中，比can 更委婉、客气，是一种礼貌的说法，并不表示过去时态，答语用can，而不能用could。 如：could you tell me the way to the zoo?你能告诉我去动物园的路吗？sorry. i cant. im new here.不好意思，我不知道。我是新来的。注意 can 和could 只能用于现在时和过去时两种时态，将来时中用 be able to。另外， cant 可表示否定推测。如：that _ be mr wang. he has gone to beijing. 那肯定不是王老师，他已经去北京了。2may和might的用法may/might 意为“可以”，表示同意、许可或请求对方许可，也可表示祝愿。may的否定形式为 may not。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法：一种表示过去式；一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气，或表示可能性更小。以may开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用mustnt, 而不用 may not。如：_ i use your pen? 我可以用你用的钢笔吗？you may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿衣服。may you be happy！祝你开心！might i borrow some money now?我现在可以借点钱吗？he might be alive. 他可能还活着。3must的用法must 意为“必须，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。否定形式mustnt, 表示“不得”，“一定不要”。如：i _ finish my work today.我今天必须完成我的工作。you mustnt drive after drinking.你绝不能酒后驾车。(1)must 与 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意愿；have to 表示客观需要。如：i must do my homework first.我必须首先做家庭作业。it is raining hard outside; i _ _ stay at home.外面雨下得很大，我不得不待在家里。(2)回答由must 引导的疑问句的提问肯定回答：yes, must.如：must i go home now? 我必须现在吧回家吗？yes, you must. 是的，你必须(现在回家)。否定回答：no，neednt./no，dont/doesnt have to.如：must i go home now? 我必须现在回家吗？no, you _ _. 不，没必要。(3)must 表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句中；表“推测”时，情态动词与动词原形(常为be动词)连用，用法如下：肯定推测 否定推测有把握must动词原形cant动词原形无把握may动词原形the man must be our teacher.那个人一定是我们的老师。4need的用法(1)need 表示“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。其否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；对由need构成的疑问句进行回答时，其肯定回答用must，否定回答用 neednt。如：need we do some cleaning now?我们必须现在大扫除吗？yes, you must. 是的，你们必须(现在大扫除)。no, you neednt. 不，你们不必。(2)need 还可作实义动词，常用于下列结构：need to do sth“需要做某事”。如：i need to learn more. 我需要学习更多(的东西)。need doing “某物需要被做”。如：my hair needs cutting. 我的头发该理了。need 名词或代词。如：all living things need water. 一切生物需要水。5shall和should的用法shall 用于第一人称的句子中，表示提建议或请求； should用于各种人称的句子中，强调义务或责任，意为“应该”。 如：_ we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？(建议)you should study hard at school.你们在学校应该努力学习。(劝告)6will和would的用法will用于第二人称疑问句时，表示征求意见或提建议； would 为 will 的过去式，可用于多种人称，表示意愿。如：will you have a little soup?你要不要喝点汤？【即时训练】1.【2013重庆】30hurry up，or you _catch the trainacant bneednt cmustnt d. shouldnt2.【2013浙江宁波】27. that t-shirt _ be expensive because its by a famous designer.a. cant b. mustnt c. must d. should 3.【2013湖北咸宁】26. its rather hot in the room. youd better _ the windows or the door.a. close b. not to close c. dont close d. not close4.【2013湖北宜昌】31. difficulties always go with me! cheer up! if god closes a door in front of you, there _ be a window opened for you. a. would b. must d. could d. can 5.【2013山东枣庄】19. in france you put bread on the table. you are not supposed to put it on the plate. a. shouldnt b. are supposed to c. would like to d . will 6.【2013四川内江】28. _i finish my homework now? no, you_. your work is over today. a. cant; must b. must; dont have to c. may; couldnt d. couldnt; could7.【2013湖南邵阳】27.must i hand it in today? no. you .you can do it tomorrow.a. mustnt b. cant c. neednt8.【2013甘肃兰州】36. look at the boy playing basketball on the ground. is it george? it _ be him. he told me he would play basketball after class, but hes not sure.a. mustnt b. mustc. cantd. may9.【2013安徽】32. you _ drive your car so fast. its very dangerous.a. wouldnt b. shouldnt c. couldnt d. mightnt10.【2013黑龙江绥化】15. whose t-shirt is this? it _ be johns. its _ small for him.a. cant; much too b. cant; too much c. mustnt; too much考点过关i.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子，每空一词1im afraid i _ (不能) go with you.2must i finish the work now? no, you _ _ _ (不必)3i think you _ _ _ (一定饿了). ill cook dinner for you.4peter, is the dictionary marys? no, it _ _ _(不可能是她的). her dictionary is at home.5could i have a look at your photos? yes, you _ (能)6you_(绝对不能) go across the street when the traffic lights are red.ii.单选题1.【2013山东潍坊】21. you mustnt go off on your own, because you _get lost in the mountains.a. should b. must c. need d. might2.【2013江苏盐城】4.are you in a burry?no, ive got plenty of time i wait.a. canb. cantc. mustd. mustnt3.【2013 上海】40. must i go to medical school and be a doctor like you, dad? no, you _,son. youre free to make your own decision.a. cantb. mustntc. shouldntd. neednt4.【2013四川广安】34. _i swim here?no, you _. look at the sign “no swimming”. a. must：cant b. can; dont c. can; mustnt5.【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】23. drivers _ wear seat belts while their cars are running on the road. a. needb. canc. mustd. may6.【2013江苏淮安】9.can i park my car in front of the building?no, you _. a. wont b. cant c. neednt d. couldnt7.【2013福建泉州】36. have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?not yet. we _go to qingdao . its a good place for vacation.a. may b. need c. must8.【2013湖南长沙】25. _ i have lunch now, mom?no. you must wash your hands first. a. wouldb. mayc. ought to 9.【2013天津】37. where are you going this month? we_ go to xiamen, but were not sure. a. neednt b. must c. m